第四单元导学案.doc

Unit 4 Earthquakes 导学案Period 1. Warming up and Reading 1.True or false 1)People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didnt go to bed that night.( )2) People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.( )3) More than 400 000 people were killed in the quake.( )4) Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.( )5) All hope was not lost.Slowly, the city began to breathe again.( )2.Choose the best answer 1) The title “A Night the Earth Didnt Sleep” means “_” A. The earth was wide awake all night long. B. People on the earth couldnt fall asleep that night. C. The earth shook like crazy and wouldnt stop that night, causing great damage to people. D. Animals on the earth would not sleep that night. 2) What can be inferred from the passage? _A. If mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide, there must be an earthquake. B. If the earthquake had happened in the daytime, all the people in Tangshan city might have had a chance to survive. C. There wouldnt have been such a great earthquake, if people had paid enough attention to some natural signs. D. If some natural signs had not been ignored, more people might have had a chance to survive. 3）According to the authors description, which of the following statements about the earthquake is not right? _A. The whole nation felt it. B. Buildings were badly destroyed during it. C. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt D. A large number of people lost their lives. 4) Which of the following statements can NOT be part of the main reasons for the heavy loss of life in Tangshan Earthquake? _A. The earthquake happened in the deep night and people were sleeping in bed at the very moment. B. There werent enough rescue workers. C. The buildings were poorly constructed and most of them were destroyed in the earthquake. D. People were not careful enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake. 5) What is the mood of this passage? _ A. nervous. B. angry. C. serious and a bit sad. D. calm3.Main ideaThe passage can be diveded into 3 parts.Whats the main idea of each part?Part1 (para._):Signs _ (prep)the earthquake. Part2 (para._): Damage _(prep) the earthquake. Part3 (para._): Rescue work _(prep)the earthquake. Period 2. Language Points1. right away 课本原句：Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.1).Ill phone him right away.2).She has arrived at the station. Please pick her up right away.归纳: right away : _同义: at_; in no_; immediately.即学即练：Its not early, so youd better start_.A. on time B. for the present C. at present D. right away2. burst课本原句: In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.1)The balloon burst, which surprised all of us.2).She burst into tears.3).She burst out crying.4).He burst into the room without knocking.5).There is a burst in the water pipe.归纳:burst词性 v 词意 _（burst,burst） burst _sth. 突然起来 =burst_ _ sth burst_冲入，闯入 词性 n 词意 _拓展:burst _ laughter=burst _ laughing 突然大笑起来 burst into flame(s) 突然起火 burst open 突然开了 a burst of anger 勃然大怒即学即练:One minute she burst into_and the next she burst out_. We just couldnt catch her mood at any moment. A.crying;laughter B.tears;laughing C.tears;laughing D. crying;laughing3. think little of 课本原句: But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleepas usual that night.All the visitors think little of the service there.He thoutht little of my suggestion. You think little if that boy. 归纳:think little of _ 拓展:1).We think highly / much / well of his lastest article. 2). She thinks nothing of running six rounds in the morning.3). The manager spoke highly / well of him.think _/_/_ of对高度评价think _of 把看得很平常；不把放在心里speak _ / _ of对高度赞扬4. at an end 课本原句: It seemed as if the world was at an end!1).The war was at an end.2).They will go to Europe at the end of this month.3).By the end of this year, he had been in No.1 Middle School for five months.4).They gave up the plan in the end.归纳: at an end _ at _ end _ _ the end of _ _ the end _拓展:come to an end _ end up with _ _5. ruin课文原句: In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.1).Wenchuan was in ruins after the earthquake.归纳：ruin词性_; 词义_in ruins 成为废墟，变成废墟即学即练:Years of fighting left dthe village in_.A. destroy B. damage C. ruins D. ruin 2).The mistake ruined his chance of getting the job. 词性_; 词义_ 即学即练:I got caught in the rain and my suit_.A. hads ruined B. had ruinedC. has been ruined D. had been ruined拓展：come to ruin 毁灭，落空 fall into ruin 成为废墟ruin oneself _ ruin ones hopes_6. injure课文原句: Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.1). Her right hand was injured in an accident.2). He injured his elbow when playing tennis.归纳：injure词性_; 词义_辨析：injure 常指意外事故对人造成的伤害hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害wound 指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中、战斗中受伤。harm 指伤害人的健康、权利、事业等即学即练:1)He got in the war.2) He didnt want to her feelings.3) Yesterday my leg .4) Smoking seriously _ his health. 拓展：injured adj 受伤的; the injured n. 伤员 injury n. 伤口，伤害7. shock课文原句: People were shocked.1). I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.2). All of the people present shocked at (hearing) the bad news. 归纳：shock词性_; 词义_ _惧怕做某事_看到/ 听到使某人感到震惊_对（做）某事感到震惊3）His death in a car accident was shocking ,and we all got shocked. shocking词性_词义_; shocked词性_词义_4）The news of his death was a shock to her wife. 词性_;词义_对某人来说是一个打击即学即练：It shocked me _that he would go to the USA to marry an American girl.A. to hear B. hear C. hearing D.heardIt _ a real _ _ him that the factory would have to close. 8. rescue课文原句: Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 1)Mike rescued a boy from drowning. 2)He is trying to rescue the company from ruin. 3)We had given up hope of rescue. 4)The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake. 5)The police came/went to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 归纳：rescue词性: vt 词义_; _把某人/某物从解救出来 词性: n 词义_ _/_对某人进行援救，帮助某人即学即练： Charles did what he could_ his friend, although he was in danger himself.A. rescue B. rescued C. to rescue D. rescuingIn a play a hero always rescues a beauty _ danger.A. in B. out C. from D. on拓展： a rescue team _; rescue workers _;a rescue mission_. 9. trap课文原句: Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.1) Some people were trapped by the rising flood.2) The guests were trapped in the fire.3) They trapped her into telling where the gift was hidden.归纳：trap(trapped, trapped. trapping) 词性_词义_ _/_困在中，陷入中 _陷害/诱骗某人做某事4）The hunter set traps to catch foxes.5) Some people see marriage as a trap.归纳：trap词性_词义_即学即练：After the terrible flood, many buildings were _and some farmers_at the top of their houses.A. in the ruins; trapping B. in ruins ; are trapped C. in ruins ; were trapped D. in the ruin ; were trapped10. dig out课文原句：The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.1) Lets dig out the roots.2) Why did you dig out those old jeans?归纳：dig out _(dig, dug, dug)11. bury课文原句：The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.1) The map was buried under a couple of books.2) The princess was buried beside the princes grave.归纳：bury词性_词义_即学即练：The soldiers were trying to _a young man who _under the ruins.A. dig out , buring B. be dug out, was buriedC. be dug out, buring D.dig out , was buried拓展：bury oneself in =be buried in _bury ones face/ head in_bury ones face/ head in ones hands_即学即练：The scientist always _himself _his study.A. burying;to B. burying; in C. focusing; to D. focusing; inPeriod 3：Important sentences in Reading短语互译：1. _立刻，马上 2._ 突然3._ 仿佛，好像 4._ 结束，终结5._ 成为废墟，破败不堪6._ 挖掘，发现7._ 大量的 8._ 对 不重视9._ 成千上万的 10._ 三分之二11. be too nervous to eat _ 12. rescue from _13. to the north of the city _ 14. jump out of _15. describe to sb _ 16. everywhere they look _17. useless pieces of steel _ 18. fall down _19. rescue workers _ 20. congratulations on sb _重点句型：1）tooto课文原句：In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.“too+adj./adv_+动词不定式”结构简称tooto结构，在大多数情况侠表示_（肯定/否定）意义，通常译为“太而不能”，“太而无法”The tea is too hot to drink.句式仿写：我太累了，现在什么也不能想了。_.有时too后也可跟一个其形容词作用的过去分词：The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.思维拓展：并不是所有tooto结构的句子都表示否定意义，在下列情况下可以表示肯定：tooto 前带有but, only, all, never, not时，是强调_(肯定 / 否定)的表达法，译为_; I am but too gald to do so. 我非常喜欢这样做。tooto 结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词时，如：ready, eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等； He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想做这份工作。tooto 结构前或其中有否定词时，构成双重否定，译为_ The girl is too careful nit to do it well. 女孩细心，完全能做好那件事。 Its never too late to study. 活到老学到老即学即练：- He seems_tired to do it. -But I am only _ glad to do it.A. v ery, too B. extremely, too C. too, too D.very, veryThe work calls for great care and patience. So you _to do it.A. can be too careful B. cant be too careful C. can be too careless D.cant be careful2)as if课文原句：It seemed as if the world was at an end!此句结构为：It seemed/seems+as if/as though, 译为_as if /as though 通常用在be, look, seem, sound, taste, smell及feel等连系动词的后面。如果表示真实情况应该用_语气，如果表示非真实情况应该用_语气。引导方式状语从句时也要用虚拟语气。 How wild his hair looked as if it had been electrified! _语气 She seems as if she is going to cry. _语气 She loves the boy as if she _ his mother. _语气句式仿写：他表现的好像什么也没发生。_.3）分数表达法课文原句：Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.分数表达中，分子在_, 用_数词；分母在_, 用_数词。分子是2或大于2时，分母用复数形式。_四分之一 _五分之三分数+n /pron做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于分数后的名词或代词的单复数形式。即学即练：The dcompany had about 20 note-book computers but only one-third _used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day along.A. is B.are C. was D.were 4) 部分否定课文原句：All hope was not lost. 表示“全体”意义的代词、副词或形容 “all, both, every, everybody, everyone，always，wholly” 等和否定副词not连用时表部分否定，译为“并非都，并非总是”I dont know _ of them. 我并不认识他们所有的人。All the students do not know how to deal with the problem. = Not all the students know how to deal with the problem. 而“no,none, neither, nobody, nothing, never” 等表完全否定。如：Everyone doesnt like the story. = Not everyone likes the story. _ likes the story. 没人喜欢这个故事。_of the students dont like the story. 并非这两个学生都喜欢这个故事。_ of the students likes the story. 这两个学生都不喜欢这个故事。即学即练：Only three will be enough, so I neednt take_ of them.A. every B.none C.all D.any5）现在分词短语表伴随课文原句：Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.这句话中的looking for 是现在分词短语作状语，表_.He sat there, listening to music. 现在分词作状语时，现在分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语逻辑上保持一致。He glanced over at her, noticing that though she was tiny, she seemed very well.现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随状况等。现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，可有when，while引出。Be careful _crossing the street.Period 4: Learning about language1)give outRoses give out a sweet smell.Give out the papers ten minutes before the exam.After a week her money gave out.His strength gave out after he ran that long distance.归纳：give out 词性_词义 _拓展：give_赠送，捐赠； give_归还，返还，恢复； give_放弃，戒掉，交出 give_屈服，让步，投降，上交 give_发出（气味，光，热，声） 2)damageThis cause serious damage to our environment. His careless remark did damage to his reputation.他说话不谨慎，对他的名声造成了损害。归纳：damage词性_词义_ _对造成伤害 / 损失The bridge was badly damaged by the flood.Smoking can damage your health.归纳：damage词性_词义_辨析：ruin 指物体损坏到了不能使用的程度，含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思，不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，。也可指希望、健康、未来被毁灭 destroy指在肉体上或精神上被彻底毁坏，或对物体的完全毁坏，不可修复 强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉. damage指人的威信、名声、物品的价值或用途受到损坏，程度弱于destroy，可以恢复即学即练:1)The building was completely by fire. A. destroyed B. ruined C. damaged D. ruins2)His car hit a tree by the roadside and was . So he had to have it repaired.A. damaged B. destroyed C. broken D. ruined 3)Laziness will _ ones future.A. destroy B. lose C. damage D. ruin4)I was by that law case. Im a _man. A. ruined; ruined B. ruined; destroyingC. damaged; destroyed D. destroyed; damaging3)frighteningHe told us a frightening story.Im frightened of walking home alone in the dark.归纳frightening词性_词义_frightened 词性_词义_即学即练：The news was _and they were all _.A. frightened frightening B. frightening frightenC. frightened frightened