高考必考句型背诵.doc

背诵是学习英语的最佳捷径

高考必考55重要句型精讲与背诵

【句型-1】 as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……
（表示现在或将来的情况通常用过去时；表示过去的情况用过去完成时）
[典句背诵]
1. Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
2. Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.
3.He speaks English perfectly as if / though he had lived in England for many years.
4.He remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday.
5. Sometimes he acts as though he doesn’t even love us at all.
【典题回顾诵读】
Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.(2006全国Ⅰ)
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
答案 D

【句型-2】
would rather that somebody did…“宁愿……；更愿意……”(表示现在或将来的愿望)
would rather that somebody had done…“宁愿……；更愿意……”（表示过去的愿望）
would rather have done “当时宁愿做了某事”（实际没有做过）；
would rather not have done表达相反意思，两者都有表示“后悔”之意。
[典句背诵]
1. I’d rather you posted the letter right now.
2. I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.
3. I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her yesterday.
【典题回顾】
—My uncle suggests I abroad.
—I would rather you at home.
A．go; stay B．went; stayed C．go; stayed D．went; stay
答案 C

【句型-3】“wish +宾语从句”，表示不大可能实现的愿望
表示现在的愿望：主语+过去时；
表示过去的愿望：主语+had done；
表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do
[典句背诵]
1. How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves!
2. I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing!
3. What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party!
【典题回顾】
—Don’t you want to go to a karaoke bar with us? (07北京海淀区高三第一学期期末考试)
—I wish I ，but I have an appointment.
A.may B.could C.can D.should
答案 B

【句型-4】It’s high/about time that somebody did (should do)
(should通常不省略) …是该做……的时候了。
[典句背诵]
It’s time that you went to school.= It’s time that you should go to school.
It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment.
I think it’s high time that she made up her mind.
【典题回顾】

【句型-5】情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法
could have done “本来可以……”（表示过去没有实现的可能）。
might have done “本来可能……；本来应该或可以做某事”
（实际没有发生；含有轻微的责备语气。
should/ought to have done “本来该做某事”（而实际未做）
should not/ought not to have done “本来不该做”（实际却做过了，含有责备语气）
needn’t have done “本来不必做”（但是已经做过了）
【典句背诵】
1. He must have completed his work; otherwise he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by seaside.
2. Sorry I’m late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
3. Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I shouldn’t have eaten so much fried chicken just now.
4. There was a lot fun at yesterday’s party. You ought to have come, but why didn’t you?
5. ---Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
---Oh, thank you. You needn’t have done that. I can manage it myself.
【典题回顾】
1.But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition. (2009福建35)
A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won
答案B
2.It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. (2009上海27)
A. may B. can C. must D. should
答案 C
3. I_______ have watched that movie —it’ll give me horrible dreams. （2010·山东卷25）
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
答案：A
4. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. （2010·天津卷9）
A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
答案：A.

【句型-6】as, though, although “尽管” 引导的让步状语从句。
although位于句首；though位于句首或句中；as位于句中=though。As表示“尽管”时的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。结构为：adj/ adv/ v/ n+as +主语+其他；请注意下列句式的变化并背诵：
【典句背诵】
1. Although/Though I’m young, I already know what career I want to follow.
→Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.
我虽然年轻，但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。
2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.
→Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea.
虽然我很尊重他，但是我不同意他的观点。
3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
→（省略冠词）Child as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
他虽然还是个孩子，却认识了许多汉字。
4. Although he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem.
→Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem.
尽管他努力了，但是他没有解决问题。
5. Although it is raining, I’m going out for a walk.
→Raining as it is, I’m going out for a walk.
天虽然在下雨，我还是要出去散步。
6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident.
这次意外虽然显得不可思议，却没有人受伤。
7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do.
虽然我很想帮助你，但是我有很多事要做。
8. Object as you may, I will go. 纵使你反对，我也要去。
【典题回顾】
1. Unsatisfied ______with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience. (2009重庆33)
A. though was he    B. though he was C. he was though    D. was he though
答案 B
2. _______receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.（四级题）
A. As B. Once C. Although D. Lest
答案： C。
3. ______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. （09湖南）
A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as
答案A

【句型-7】 …before…特殊用法
（1）“没来得及……就……”
【典句背诵】
1. The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.
他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。
2. He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没有来得及阻止，他已经跑了。
3. To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her.
让我非常失望的是，我还没有来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼，她就已经离开了。
（2）“过了多久才……”或“动作进行到什么程度才……”
【典句背诵】
1. They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.
他们西行50英里才看到一个村庄。
2. The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.
工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常。
3. He almost knocked me down before he knew it.
他几乎撞到我了才意识到。
4. We had walked a long way before we found some water.
我们走了很长的路才找到一点水。
5. Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it.
时间过得真快，她还没觉得就三个月过去了。
（3）含before的相关句型：
It was + 时间段+before….“过了多久才（怎么样）……”
It was not long before….“不久，就……”
It will (not) be +时间段+before….“要过多久（不久）……才……”
(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态)
【典句背诵】
1. It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境的危险。
2. It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回来。
3. It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再过半年你才能毕业。
4. It will not be long before they understand each other. 他们大概不久就会互相了解。
【典题回顾诵读】
1. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long， but it’ll still be some time ____Brian gets back. (2008北京34)
A. before B. since C. till D. after
答案 A
2.The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. （2010·福建卷26）
A. before B. until C. as D. since
答案A
3. John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. （2010·陕西卷20）
A. when B. after C. before D. since
答案C。
4. ---Did Jack come back early last night? （2005福建）
---Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock ______ he arrived home.
A．before B．when C．that D．until
答案：A

【句型-8】
in case of…(+n.) “以防；万一”；
in case that…“以防，万一……”（谓语动词用一般现在时态或should+动词原形）
【典句背诵】
You want to make sure you have multiple options in case of any uncertainty.
Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 万一我忘了，请提醒我。
In case (that) John comes/should come, please tell him to wait.
Please take your umbrella in case (that it rains/should rain).带上雨伞，以防下雨。
The latest version of the box uses mobile phone technology, and solar panels in case the electrical power fails.
【典题回顾诵读】
1. You'd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ____ you have to wait.　
（2005广东）　
A. even if B. as if C. in case D. in order that
答案C
2. -- It's cloudy outside. Please take an umbrella. （2005湖南）
-- __________.
A. Yes, take it easy B. Well, it just depends
C. OK, just in case D. All fight, you're welcome
答案C
3. Leave your key with a neighbor ___ you lock yourself out one day （2007年北京卷）
A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case
答案D
4. I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just . （2010·浙江卷）
A．by nature B．in return C．in case D．by chance
答案：C

【句型-9】It强调句型
【注意1】强调句的基本构成：It is/was + 被强调的部分 + who（主要指人时）/that + 其余部分； 这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语（包括时间，地点，方式，原因等），但是不能强调谓语动词。原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态，用It is…that/who….；原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，用It was…that/who….；强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用when, where或how, 必须用that。
[例句赏析]
It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.
It wasn’t until his father came back from work that he did his homework.
It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him.
It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again.
（强调句中只能强调由because引导的原因状语从句，because不能换成since, as, for, now that等）
【注意2】强调句的疑问结构
一般疑问句： Is / Was it +被强调部分 +who / that …?
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+is /was +it +who / that…?
What is/was it that…?
Who is/was it that…?
When is/was it that…?
Where is/was it that…?
Why is/was it that…?
How is/was it that…?
[例句赏析]
When was it that you saw him in the street?
Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon?
Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon?
[例句赏析]
I don’t know when it is that he will come back.（宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序）
–--How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith? 你是怎么和Smith先生联系上的？
–--Trough a friend of mine. 通过一个朋友。
【典题回顾诵读】
1.John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today. （2010·湖南卷）
A. why B. when C. which D. that
答案：D
2. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. （2010·安徽卷）
A. where B. that C. when D. which
答案：B.
3. It was _____ he came bank from Africa that wear _______ he met the girl he would like to marry. （09江西）
A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when
答案C

【句型-10】
（1）祈使句（表条件）+ or/or else/ otherwise + 主句（表结果）… “否则…，要不然…”
（2）祈使句（表条件）+ and +主句（表结果）
【典句背诵】
Please call me up before you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out.
你来之前打个电话，否则，我们也许会出去。
Think it over and you will find the answer.
Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。
Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。
【典题回顾诵读】
If you have a job， yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed．（2010·四川）
A．do devote B．don't devote C．devoting D．not devoting
答案：A

【句型-11】…until….“直到……时候”；not…until…“直到……才……”
【典句背诵】
You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你妈妈回来。
Young fish shelter and feed in the reef, until large enough to survive elsewhere.
The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.
Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games.（倒装句）
【典题回顾诵读】
1. ---When shall we restart our business? （2010·四川）
---Not until we our plan．
A．will finish B．are finishing C．are to finish D．have finished
答案：D
2. Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him. （2010·江西）
A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun
答案：A
3. At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _____.
（2008天津）
A. out of sight B. out of reach C. out of order D. out of place
答案A
4. I won't tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ____on it for more than an hour. (06湖北)
A. has been working B. will have worked C. will have been working D. had worked
答案A

【句型-12】 unless…“除非，如果不……”(=if…not)
【典句背诵】
You will not make a good teacher, unless you feel teaching is your vocation .
除非你觉得教书是你的天职，否则你不会成为一位好老师。
Sufferers have trouble concentrating on any task unless they receive constant feedback, stimulation and reward.
除非得到经常反馈、刺激、奖励，患者很难专心致志于任何任务。
Anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it.
如果不懂得如何对待愤怒，它就有可能成为一种十分有害的情绪。
I won’t attend his birthday party unless invited (=unless I am invited).
除非被邀请，否则我不去参加的生日晚会。
【典题回顾诵读】
1. The little boy won’t go to sleep ______ his mother tells him a story. （2010·全国卷I）
A. or B. unless C. but D. whether
答案：B
2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult. （2010·山东）
A. once B. when C. if D. unless
答案:D
3. our manage objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. （2010·上海）
A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After
答案：B
4.    __ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. （09江苏）
A. Before             B. Where           C. Unless            D. Until
答案B
5. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ____ every day. （2007年四川）
A. watered B. watering B. water D. to water
答案A

【句型-13】when引导的从句
When常用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、表语从句和定语从句，还有一种值得关注是when引导并列分句，意思是“这时突然；就在那时”，强调另一个动作的突然发生。常用于以下句型中：
（1）主语 + be doing… when…意思是“正在做某事这时……”；
（2）主语 + be about to do…when…；
（3）主语+be on the point of (doing) …when…意思是“正要去做某事这时……”
（4）主语+had done…when … “刚做完……这时……”
【典句背诵】
One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed.
有一天，Chuck正在太平洋上飞行，这时他的飞机突然爆炸了。
I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.
我正在河边行走，这时我突然听到一个落水男孩求救。
I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over.
我刚做完作业，下课铃响了。
I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我刚要离开，这时下雨了。
I don’t know when he will arrive. 我不晓得他什么时候到达。
I thought of the happy days when I was in Beijing. 我想起了在北京时的那段快乐日子。
I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world.
我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会到来。
I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法国时那段快乐日子。
I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world.
我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会来临。
【典题回顾诵读】
1. Tom was about to close the window ______his attention was caught by a bird. （2010·全国II）
A. when B. if C. and D. till
答案：A
2. A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing. （09安徽）
A. how B. whom C. when D. which
答案C
3. She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. （09四川）
A. that B. which C. where D. when
答案D
4.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _   _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000yuan for one night.（09江苏）
A. if                  B. when