短文改错专项练习.doc

短文改错专项练习练习一We had guests last night who have stayed1_In a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast2_Because that they were going out early in the3_Morning. They came back lately and had some4_tea. I came into the living room and saw one of5_them just go through the kitchen door but turn6_on the light. He was looking for a glass the7_cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was8_not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought,9_“What can I do? We are guests after all.”10. _练习二I always wanted to be great scientist. I had these dreams1. _of discovering a new drug that would save the life of hundreds2. _of people. Unfortunate, I was never very good at chemistry3. _at school and the teacher used to getting very cross with me.4. _After a while, I decided I would become an inventor and designed5. _An amazing new product which would become a household6. _name. My parents were quite encouraged, but told me to be a little7. _more realistic. A few weeks late, I had brilliant idea for a pen8. _that would write with upside down. To my disappointment, a9. _friend of me pointed out that it was not a new discovery.10. _练习三A public competition is held last year in a small town in1. _Scotland to find out who could eat most in the shortest time. At2. _last, a man succeeded setting a new record. In the time given3. _by the judges he ate a big bowl of fishes, soup, and a whole chicken4. _cooked by different ways with ten big pieces of bread and a large5. _cake. On top of all this, he had ten glasses of beer. Before winning6. _the competition the new champion went home with two of her7. _friends. As they were coming near his house, he sudden stopped8. _and said: “I say friends, please dont tell my wife anything about9. _the competition today, or she wont give me something to eat.”10. _练习四My secret of staying young is simple: Keeping your mind awake1. _and you will stay young all over. Take an interest in world2. _around you, and learn at least the new thing every day. Dont3. _think that you are ever enough old to go back to school. I know4. _a man who entered into a medical college at 70. He got his degree5. _with honors and became a famous doctor. Other man went to a6. _law school at 71 and is now an active lawyer. You may say7. _that staying young is easy only for those live in the future.8. _In fact, you can do it whether you care enough to try to keep9. _Your mind awake and active ,which is the only thing to be always young10. _练习五I eager to go to college because I know there is1. _so many to learn about the world and about human2. _being. Knowledge is a source of pleasure for me. I3. _want to study at a college for the fun to knowledge.4. _I know the college education can prepare me better for5. _my future. Better education meant, more often than not,6. _better jobs, better opportunities and better choices.I want to go to college because I know that my7. _parents and other people care for me will be happy8. _with that, Unless I cans study at a nice university, I9. _will make them happier. Id hate to let you down.10. _Thats why I must go to college.练习六One day morning, I with mother went to the Peoples Hospital in1. _Shandong because she had caught a bad cold. While we sitting in2. _the waiting room, some people smoked. The smell was very strong3. _that I found hard to breathe, so did my mother. We couldnt ask4. _all of them to stop to smoke though, so we had to go to another5. _room. So there, the situation was worse. Why do so many6. _people smoke in public places? The sign, “Smoking is harmless7. _to health”, is printed on cigarette packets to remind smokers that8. _smoking not only harms them but the people around them either.9. _So we should take actions to reduce some of smokings bad effects.10. _练习七Several weeks ago, our college decided to stopping students from1. _bringing their computers to school if they did no pass all exams2. _from the previous semester(学期). Students didnt welcome by3. _the decision. The computer was one of the greatest invention of4. _the 20th century and has become important part of modem life.5. _Therefore, it is also a headache for school leaders. Many students6. _ignore their studies and spend too much time play online7. _games, watching films, and chatting online. Leaders8. _wanted to deal this serious problem in this way. They didnt9. _expect that something worse will happen as a result.10. _练习八In my village a lot of children were leaving school for1. _various reason. Some families are too poor to send their children2. _to school, and they have to earn money to support their families.3. _Many parents think it useful to send their children to school.4. _They would rather let their children to stay at home.5. _I feel worried about this. I think every child should have a6. _chance to go to school. We should pay many attention to the7. _education of children, for we will play an important part in8. _our socialist construction in the future. Ways must be found9. _prevent children from leave off their studies.10. _练习九One day people on the shore listened shouts1. _for help. They ran up to the sea. A soldier jumped2. _into the water and swim to the man. He was a good3. _swimmer and soon pulled the man back the shore.4. _Now everyone saw that the man was a very rich man.5. _He went to the soldier, taking out a shilling6. _and gave it to him. And the soldier refused to take7. _it and went far away. The people there were very8. _angry to the rich man. But an old woman said,9. _laughing, “Im sure the rich man knows how many his10. _life is worth!” Everyone there agreed with the woman and laughed too.参考答案及讲解练习一：1. 答案：havehad解析：本句主句用的是过去时，从句时态应是过去完成时，因此应将have 改成had。2. 答案：agebefore解析：从句是过去完成时，不用ago ，应改成before。3. 答案：去掉because 后的that解析：because 直接引导原因状语从句，不加that。4. 答案：latelylate解析：late 可作副词，意思是“迟，晚”；而lately 作副词的意思是“近来，最近”，意思不对。5. 答案：6. 答案：butand解析：and连接两个动作。本句并无转折的意思，应改成and。. 答案：在the 前加 in解析：这句话意思是“他在碗橱里寻找杯子”。“在碗橱里”应在the 前面加介词in。8. 答案：ideasidea解析：没有主意，应该是单数，用idea。9. 答案：memyself解析：“我对自己笑”应用反身代词myself。10. 答案：WeThey解析：从本段话来看，我们是主人，他们是客人。因此应将We 改成They。练习二：解读：本文讲述的是“我”的理想与现实间的差距。1. 在be后加a。scientist是可数名词单数，所以前面要用不定冠词表示一类人。2. lifelives。成千上万人的生命，当然是复数。3. UnfortunateUnfortunately。应该用副词作状语。4. gettingget。表示“过去，曾经”，用used to do。5. designeddesign。与become是并列谓语。6. 7. encouragedencouraging。根据上下文，这里表示父母“鼓励我”，而不是父母受到了“鼓励”。8. latelater。表示多久以后，用later。9. 划去with。介词后要接宾语，表示“用”；upside down是副词，所以介词with是多余的。10. memine。指“我朋友中的一个”所以要用名词性物主代词。练习三解读：本文讲述的是一个“看谁能在最短时间吃最多东西”的比赛的情况。1. iswas.本文时态为过去时，根据上下文is应改为was。2. most前加the。“吃的最多”应用形容词最高级，所以most前加the。3. succeeded后加in。succeed in doing something中in不能省。4. fishesfish。此处表“鱼肉”应为不可数名词，所以fishes改为fish。5. byin。以不同的方式应为“in different ways”。6. BeforeAfter。根据故事发展，可知是比赛后回家。7. herhis。逻辑错误，故事主人公是男性。8. suddensuddenly。修饰动词用副词汇。9. 10. somethinganything。否定句中应用anything。练习四：1. Keepingkeep.此处为“祈使句+and+含有一般将来时的简单句”。Keeping应改为Keep。2. 在world前加the。In the world为习惯搭配。3. theone. 此处意为“每天学一件新事物”。one表数量“一”。4. enoughtoo.根据句意此处为了tooto结构。5. 去掉into。enter是及物动词，不和into连用。6. OtherAnother.此处意为“另一个”。7. 8. liveliving或在live前加who。those后常接who引导一个定语从句，或用动词-ing形式作定语。9. whetherif.此处为连词引导一个条件状语从句，故要用if。10. thingway. 此处要表达的意思是“这是唯一保持永远年轻的方法”。Way意为“方式、方法”。练习五：1.第一个I后加am。eager为形容词，和be一起构成谓语动词。2. manymuch根据is可判断此处应用much。3. beingbeings.Human beings意为“人类”。4. 第二个toof.the fun of knowledge“知识的乐趣”。5. 去掉the。College education意为“大学教育”，是泛指，前面不加冠词。6. meantmeans. 根据上下文可判断，全文所用的是一般现在时，陈述事实。7. 8. people后加who或care改为caring。people后接定语从句。用who引导或用动词-ing形式作定语。9. UnlessIf. 根据行文逻辑，此处表达的是“如果我可以在一所好大学学习，我会让他们更开心”。Unless“如果不、除非”与句意不符。10. youthem. 此处应是用them指代作者的parents。练习六1去掉day。“一天上午”应该说成one morning，不可以受汉语的影响而加day。2sitting前加were。因为是在我们等的过程中发生的事情，所以该句应该用过去进行时。3Veryso。在此构成so.that结构。4found后加it。it作形式宾语，指代真正的宾语to breathe。5to smokesmoking。stop smoking意为“停止吸烟”，stop to smoke意为“停下来去吸烟”。6SoBut。在此不含有因果关系，而是表示转折或出乎意料。7harmlessharmful。harmful意为“有害的”。8。9eithertoo。因为整句话是一个肯定句，故应用too。either用于否定句中。10actionsaction。take action为固定短语，意为“开始行动，采取行动”，action为不可数名词。练习七本文是一篇介绍说明文，涉及到学生该不该或如何使用电脑的问题。试题注重考查对动词的形式和时态的使用，如第1、7和10题，考查冠词的有第5题，涉及句法知识的有第2题，考查行文逻辑的有第6题等。本文题材具有时代感，设置的试题难度适中，具有较好的区分度。1stoppingstop。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，其中to为不定式符号，后面接动词原形。2nonot。not在此用作副词修饰助动词did。3去掉by。本句话意为“学生们不欢迎该决定”，所以by多余。4inventioninventions。“one of十复数名词”表示“之一”。5important前加an。part表示“部分”，为可数名词。本句话意为“电脑已成为现代生活的一个重要组成部分”。6ThereforeHowever。由前后文意思可知，前后两句话在意思上含转折之意。7playplaying。spend time (in) doing意为“花时间做某事”。8。9deal后加with。deal with作“处理”讲，with不能省略。10willwould。主句中谓语动词为过去式，所以从句时态应与之保持一致练习八本文描述了乡村孩子的上学情况和村民对其子女上学的态度，属于描述性短文。题材涉及到当今某些落后地区的教育现状。试题的设置将行文的逻辑推断作为考查重点，如第4题和第8题，还有时态的正确使用如第1题，涉及名词单复数的有第2题等。从错误类型的题目设置来看，本文很符合短丈改错的命题趋势。1wereare。短文的主导时态为一般现在时。2reasonreasons。短文中的various决定了其后要用名词的复数形式。3。4usefuluseless或think前加dont。根据句意可知：许多家长认为送孩子去上学无用。5去掉to。let后的动词不定式省略to。6athe。特指去上学的机会。7manymore。强调更加注意，用比较级形式。8wethey。指孩子们。9found后加to。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。10leaveleaving。prevent.from doing意为“阻止做某事”。练习九本文是一篇带讽刺性的记叙丈。故事叙述了一名士兵从海里救起一位富人，富人用一先令答谢士兵。这种行为引起了旁观者的议论。很显然，这是一篇学生习作，里面出现的错误是在我们中国学生中经常出现的。其中涉及动词形式和时态的有第3题和第6题，考查对规范句式表达的有第4题，关于行文逻辑推断的有第7题等。这种讽刺或幽默性质的短文改错题从2005年开始已逐渐增多。1listenedheard。listen为不及物动词，强调听的动作；hear表示“听见”，强调听的结果。2updown。由中心到边缘、由城市到农村、由北到南及由上至下应用副词down；反之，用副词up。3swimswam。由连词and连接，和jumped为并列谓语动词，故swim也应用其过去式。4back后加to。back表示方向，pull表示“拉到什么地方”，应用介词to。6takingtook。因句中有and作并列连词，故took与went，gave为并列谓语动词。7AndBut。由句意可知此处为转折关系。8去掉far。go away表示“走开”。9towith。be angry with sb表示“生某人的气”。10manymuch。意为“他的生命值多少钱”，此处应用how much。