被动语态文档.doc

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英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态，我们可以从以下方面进行小结：
一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例）
结构：主语 + be + 过去分词
时态：1. 一般现在时： am (is, are) done.
2.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done
3. 一般过去时： was (were) done
* 4. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done
* 5. 现在进行时： am (is, are) being done
6. 现在完成时： have (has) been done
二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。
1．主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P)
此结构不可用被动语态。
(正) The flowers smell sweet.
(误) The flowers are smelt sweet.
2．主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V)
此结构不可变被动语态。
(正) An accident happened last night.
(误) An accident was happened last night.
3．主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O)
（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语
Children often sing this song
This song is often sung by children.
（2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。
We should listen to the teachers carefully.
The teachers should be listened to carefully.
4．主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO)
（1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。
He showed us a picture .
We were shown a picture.
（2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.
常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等
常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等
A picture was shown to us.
A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.
5． 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C)
如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。
I saw him fall off the tree.
He was seen to fall off the tree.
6. "be + 过去分词" 并非都是被动语态，系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。
I'm interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。
*7. 某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The woman's clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。This book sells
best.这本书很畅销.

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二、把下列句子改写成被动语态
1.They make machines in that factory. __________________________________
2.Every body likes this song. __________________________________
3.He doesn't show the stamps to me. __________________________________
4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan._____________________________
5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._______________________________
6.Do the workers build many buildings? __________________________________
7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? __________________________________
8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? __________________________________
9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?_________________________
10.How many desks do they buy every term?__________________________________
11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.____________________
12.Granny told us a story last night. __________________________________
13.He didn't give the dictionary to me yesterday.__________________________
14.He didn't buy anything there before he left.____________________________
15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?__________________________________
16.When did she cook supper yesterday? __________________________________
17.Where did she make them? __________________________________
18.Whose ruler did you borrow? __________________________________
19.We must tie the young tree to the stick.________________________________
20.They can't mend the bike in that shop.__________________________________
21.You should take good care of her baby.__________________________________
22.You may take it back home. __________________________________
23.May I look after the baby at home? __________________________________
24.Must we hand in our exercise-books now?_________________________________
25.Can you mend this radio here? __________________________________
被 动 语 态 练 习 2
一、 将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。
1. We can finish the work in two days.      The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.
2. They produce silk in Suzhou.      Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou.
3. The children will sing an English song.     An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.
4. You needn't do it now.      It ____ _____ _____ by you now.
5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.   A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ her by me last week.
6. Peole use metal for making machines.     Metal ____ ____ for making machines.
7. He made me do that for him.     I ____ ____ ____ that for him.
8.I have given this book to the library.     This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.
9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago?    ____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?
10.We'll put on an English play in our school.An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.
11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets.   Colour TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers.
12.My brother often mends his watch.    His watch ____ ____ ____ by my brother.
13.We must water the flowers every day.     The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.
14.They use knives for cutting things.     Knives ___ ___ for cutting things.
15.He made the farmers work for a long time.   The farmers ____ ____ ____ ____ for a long time.
16.Did he break the window yesterday?    ____ the window ___ ____ ___ yesterday?
17.They have sold out the light green dresses.    The light green dresses ____ _____ ____ out.
18.We clean the classroom every day.     The classroom ____ ____ every day.
19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth.   Trees ___ ____ _____ _____ in very dry earth.
20.You can dig a hole in the earth.    A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth.

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二、 用动词的正确语态填空。
1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month.
3. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital.
4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
5. What _______ a knife ______ (make) of?
It _______________(make) of metal and wood.
6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.
7. ______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the library?
8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.
9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime.
10. Some flowers __________(water) by Li Ming already.
11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan.
12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm.
13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.
14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling.
15. The cinema ______ _____ (bulid) in 1985.
16. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here.
17. A beautiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next day.
18. This kind of machine ______ _____(can made) by uncle Wang.
19. Mr. Green ___ ___ (open) two new school.
20. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927.
21. By the time he was ten, the boy ________(learn)English and French.
22. How long _____ your uncle ____(be) in the city?
23. ______ you ____(see) the film yet?
Yes, I _______(see) it last week.
24. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980
25. Listen! Someone _________(sing).
26. Tom ________(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.A