新视野大学英语第四册件.pptx

4,1,2,1,3,4,Unit 1 The Tail of Fame,Proverbs about“fame”:,Fame,like a river is narrowest at its source and broadest afar off.,名誉如河流，发源处最狭，愈远愈宽广。,A good,name,is better than riches.,好名誉胜过有财富。,A good,name,is sooner lost than won.,美誉难得而易失。,Fame,is a magnifying glass.,名誉是放大镜。,I.Lead-in,The benefits of gaining a good fame:,A large number of economic,income and a high material standard of living,Be admired by public,Have a good social status,Questions:,1.Do you look forward to be a man with a good fame,what do you need to do to chase the fame?,2.What will a person do who gains good fame?,3.Is it worthwhile spending so much to chase the tail of fame?,The shortcomings of gaining a good fame:,No privacy,No freedom,One false step brings everlasting grief.,Questions:,Is it worthwhile spending so much to chase the tail of fame?,II.Understanding,The passage is a piece of argumentation which tries to convince us that seeking fame sometimes leads to ones own destruction.,Reference Words:,dog chasing its tail,Understanding-Questions to Comprehension,Q:,1.,What does the writer compare an artist to?,Reference Words:,a lack of continuity in its appeal,sustain the attention of the public,Q:,2.,If artists become bored,what will happen,?,Understanding-Questions to Comprehension,Reference Words:,Because the public discounts styles other than those for which the artists have become,famous.,Q:,3.Why is it possible for artists to lose support from the audiences if they make changes to their style?,Understanding-Questions to Comprehension,Reference Words:,freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms,Q:,4.What do famous persons have to give up in order to maintain their fame and fortune?,Understanding-Questions to Comprehension,Reference Words:,pay a heavy price for remaining true to themselves,Q:,5.Why does the author adopt the example of Oscar Wildes uncompromising behavior?,Understanding-Questions to Comprehension,Reference Words:,To show that failure has motivated some famous people to work even harder to succeed.,Q:,6.Why are Thomas Wolfe,Beethoven,Pestalozzi,and Thomas Edison mentioned in Paragraph 8?,Understanding-Questions to Comprehension,Reference Words:,Try to be happy with who you are and what you do.Try to do work that you can be proud of.,Q:,7.What does the author suggest to do in the last paragraph?,Understanding-Questions to Comprehension,III.Structure Analysis,Argumentation,Conclusion,Para.1,Supporting Details,Para.2 8,Para.9,Supporting Details(Para.2 8),Para.2,Why people want to chase the fame?,Para.3-4,People who chase the fame run the risk of,losing the freedom to express with other styles.,Para.5-6,People who chase the fame even couldnt be they really are.,Para.7,The greatest winners initially failed in the conquest of fame,.,Para.8,Examples of those who failed many times before their final success.,III.Summary,Have you ever known anyone famous?If so,you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us.You may have even heard them _ to people saying there is anything different about them.“Im really just a normal guy,”_ an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight.There is,of course,usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their _ fans suggest.They start to wear _ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say.This period,however,does not often last long.They fall back to reality as,fast as they had _ risen above it all.,Text StudySummary,object,originally,fancy,worshipping,protests,What will it feel like to soar to such _ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else?And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to _ from your dream and realize you are only human?Some only see the _ in losing something they had gained.They often make _ attempts to regain what they lost.Often these efforts result in even greater pain.Some become _ financially and emotionally.The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.,desperate,bankrupt,cruelty,wake,Text StudySummary,altitude,Active Expressions,Focus Study,In English,you may find some expressions,formed by very common words,but they,are active and powerful.,Whats,on,at the cinema tonight?,今晚电影院,上演,什么？,Whats he,up to,?,他,忙,什么呢？,e.g.,I.Active Expressions,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,1.The conquest of fame is difficult at best,and many end up emotionally if not,2.both social and sexual,to which the public objected,paid heavily for remaining true to himself.,3.until he came upon the idea of teaching children and developing the,Find out the active expressions:,Notes to the TextActive Expressions,II.Focus Study,Notes to the TextFocus Study,1.Most would,be hard-pressed to,tell you how they even got there.,Practice,be hard-pressed to,do sth.,做某事有困难,今年这家航空公司要赢利困难重重。,你很难找到更好的人做这项工作。,This year the airline will,be hard-pressed to,make a profit.,Youd,be hard-pressed to,find anyone better for the job.,Notes to the TextFocus Study,Translation,Key,Notes to the TextFocus Study,2.The public simply discounts,styles,other than,those for which the artist has become famous.,other than,除了,Practice,他只提到了自己的贡献，而没有提其他任何人的。,我们错过了最后一班公交车，所以除了走回家别 无选择。,He didnt mention anyone elses contributions,other than,his own.,We missed the last bus so there was no choice,other than,to walk home.,Notes to the TextFocus Study,Translation,Key,Old,to,New,Chinese,to,English,Word,Using,1.single-minded,a.,someone who works with you as a beginner,e.g.,blue-eyed,kind-hearted,broad-minded,good-natured,gray-haired,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,light-hearted,open-minded,cold-hearted,near-sighted,single-handed,a.,+,n.,ed,具有什么特征的,Word,Using,encourage,make sth.more quickly,magnificent,tired,very small,not working,admire,spur,hasten,imperial,bored,minute,idle,worship,II.Old to New,Words and ExpressionsOld to New,a secret plan,oppose or disapprove,lawyer,very much,make sth.dirty,plot,object,attorney,desperately,contaminate,Words and ExpressionsOld to New,III.Chinese to English,冒险；有,风险,指控；控告,忠于,开除；解雇,充其量；至多,run a/the risk,accuse sb.of sth.,remain/be true to,throw out,at best,Words and ExpressionsC to E,碰到、遇到,关系密切,付出代价,做某事很困难,结果,come on/upon,be intimate with,pay for,be hard-pressed to,end up,Words and ExpressionsC to E,1)at best,：,even when considered in the most positive way,translation,You are at best his nodding acquaintance.,你和他不过是点头之交。,There are 10 persons here at best.,这儿最多,10,人。,1)at best,：,even when considered in the most positive way,association,At ones best,在最好的时候,At ones worst,在最糟糕的时候,College students often found that they were at their worst when they got up in the morning.,大学生们经常发现早上起床的时候状态最糟糕。,2)end up,：,become eventually;turn out to be,extension,(,非正,(,以,),结束,;,最终成为,变得,(+N/Adj/Preposition),如不努力工作,你就一事无成。,If you dont work hard,youll end up nowhere.,3)desire for,：,longing for;looking forward to,translation,His desire for success encourages him to go on with the project,对成功的渴望激励着他继续这个项目。,extension,Long for;look forward to;pine for,4)spur on,：,encourage sb.to continue doing sth.,translation,its no use spurring him to do that.He has no interest in it!,鼓励他做那个没用，他不感兴趣。,extension,Encourage sb.to do sth;,Urge sb.to do sth;,Rush sb.to do sth.,5)The lure of,：,The temptation of,association,resist the lure/temptation of.,Sometimes it is really hard for us to resist the lure of seeking favor.,有时候我们发现自己很难抵制住争宠的诱惑。,6)drown in,：,have a strong feeling or a serious problem to deal with,of,association,He is now completely drowning in longing for a present from his girl friend!,他现在正冥思苦想要给自己女朋友个礼物呢！,The country,is drowning in economic crisis!,这个国家正陷入经济危机。,7)be hard-pressed to do sth,：,have difficulty in doing sth.,association,Sb.is hard-pressed to do sth.,Sb.find that it is difficult to do sth.,To do sth.for sb.is difficult/hard,It is hard/difficult for sb.to do sth.,Sb.has difficulty in doing sth.,8)other than,：,apart from;except,translation,He didnt mention anyone elses contributions other than his own.,除了自己的外他没提任何人的贡献。,association,apart from;except;instead of,association,blue-eyed,蓝眼睛的,kind-hearted,好心的,absent-minded,漫不经心的,single-handed,一只手的,red-skinned,红皮肤的,green-handed,生手的；没有经验的,9)single-minded persons,：,stubborn persons,10)come/hit upon(an idea),：,find something unexpectedly,translation,On the way home I came upon an idea to solve the problem.,在回家的路上我突然想到一个解决这个问题的方法。,association,I came upon an acquaintance on the way home.,在回家的路上我碰见了一个熟人。,“,come upon”also means,“to meet sb.unexpectedly”,11)throw out of,：,discard;make sb.leave sw.,because sb.has done sth.against the rules,translation,Please do not throw the rubbish out of the window!,不要把垃圾扔出窗外,!,He has been throw out of that company for a long time because of taking/offering bribes.,因为受贿,/,行贿他已经被那个公司开除很久了。,5.Key and Difficult Sentences,Even under the most favorable circumstances,gaining fame is difficult,and in the end many artists fail emotionally even if they do not fail financially.,Paraphrase,追求出人头地，最乐观地说也是困难重重，许多人在最后即使不是穷困潦倒，也是几近精神崩溃。,1.,An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who,when he captures it,does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.,(Para.1),Sb.who do sth.be like sb.else doing sth.else,做某事的人如同他人做,(,表类比,),1.,An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail,who,when he captures it,does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.,(Para.1),A teenager who is addicted to the internet is like one taking drugs.,热衷于网络的青少年就像吸毒的人一样。,2.,They develop a style that agents,market,aggressively,to,hasten popularity,and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur.,(Para.,3,),Paraphrase,Their agents promote their unique style and make them popular quickly.And the process is just like riding an express elevator.So it is hard for people to figure out how they become popular so quickly!,为了能迅速走红，经纪人会极力吹捧他们的这种风格几近精神崩溃，他们青云直上的成名历程让人模糊不解。,2.,They develop a style that agents,market,aggressively,to,hasten popularity,and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur.,(Para.,3,),market:vt.to promote,aggressively:adv.exaggeratedly,hasten popularity:makepopular quickly,a blur:the state of being unclear to sb.,Have a try,我不清楚这件事情的经过。,The whole thing is a blur to me.,3.,After their enthusiasm has,dissolved,the public simply moves on to the next,flavor of the month,.,(Para.,3),dissolve,本义是溶解的意思，这里意为消失,flavor of the month,短暂的时髦,(,可以指人、无、想法等,),Many youngsters tend to admire the glory of being a,flavor of the month and that is really innocent!,公众的热情消磨之后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人,.,4.,The same,is true of,painters like Monet,Renoir,or Dali and moviemakers Zhangyimou.,(Para.,4,),同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。,The same is true of,这也同样适用于,Those whose oral English are poor would adopt“practice makes perfect”.The same is true of those who do not read well.,5.,However,they,paid for it by,giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms.,(Para.,4,),Paraphrase,But they sacrificed freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms,但也让他们付出了代价，那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。,5.,However,they,paid for it by,giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms.,(Para.,4,),Have a try,Sooner or later you will pay for your laziness,by working more hard to pass the make-up tests.,早晚你会为你的懒惰付出代价，那就是：你将会付出,更多的努力来通过补考。,To pay for sth.By doing sth else,为某事付出代价,6.,It,takes you out of,yourself:You must be what the public thinks you are,not what you really are or could be.,(Para.,5,),Have a try,在那么一个粗心的教练指导下学车我简直是疯了！,It takes me out of mind to learn driving under the guide of an absent-minded coach.,I,t takes sb.out of,使得某人缺乏,7.,An example,the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde,known for his uncompromising behavior,both social and sexual,to which the public objected,paid heavily for remaining true to himself.,(Para.,6,),Paraphrase,The public disagreed with Oscar Wildes stubborn social and sexual behavior for which he became famous.And just because Oscar remained true to himself he suffered a lot.,一个例子就是爱尔兰著名的作家奥斯卡,王尔德，他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对，却依然我行我素，他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。,7.,An example,the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde,known for,his,uncompromising behavior,both social and sexual,to which the public objected,paid heavily for,remaining true to himself.,(Para.,6,),1.known for his uncompromising behavior,形容词词组作状语补充说明；,2.social and sexual,形容词词组作后置定语修饰,behavior;,3.to which the public objected,非限制性定语从句修饰,behavior.,4.payfor,因为,而付出,8.,His price for remaining true to himself was to be,left alone when he needed his fans the most.,(Para.,6,),Paraphrase,In order to remain true to himself,he paid heavily.That is:when he need the support of their fans,nobody is willing to beside him.,为保持真我，他付出的代价是，在最需要崇拜者时，谁也不理他。,8.,His price for remaining true to himself was to be,left alone when he needed his fans the most.,(Para.,6,),Ones price for doing sth.is to do sth.else,为了做某事，某人所付出的代价是,(,表做某事的代价,),Have a try,为了赢得名气，她所付出的代价,是失去了无拘无束生活的自由,.,Her price for gaining fame was to lose the freedom to lead a free and easy life.,II.,Check Yourself,Put the sentences below into English,with words and expressions of this unit.,After-class Tasks,After-class Tasks,1.They were given nothing,_,_,(,除了干面包和水作晚餐外,).,2._,(,迈克一定还没有找回他的自行车,),for he came by bus this morning.,3._,(,他可能离开去英格兰了。,),But so far,nobody is sure of that.,and water for their supper,other than dry bread,Mike cant have found his bicycle,He may have left for England.,4._(,杰克说的一切你都不必当真,):he is a dreadful liar.,You can discount whatever Jack told you,5.I dont see the necessity _,_(,向你解释我的行为,).,to you,6.It is absolutely necessary in the globalization race that _,(,我们,抱,有政治理想,).,we remain true to our political ideals,After-class Tasks,to justify my conduct,7.Later,at home,_ _,(,贝蒂就数落他是一个懦夫,).,Betty would accuse him of,8.For many students,_ _(,大学了不起是一个社交中心,).,college is at best a social,9.When saving his wife,_ _,(,他冒着自己丧生的危险,),.,he ran the risk of losing,After-class Tasks,being a coward,his own life,10._,(,并非所有的美国人都崇拜运动,),but athletics are an important part of their culture.,Not all Americans worship sports,center,读写教程,IV,:,Ex.XI,p.14,XI.Translate the following into English.,The plant does not grow very well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.,1.,这种植物,只有,在,培育,它的土壤中才能很好的成长。,other than,to be developed,2.Translation,Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night,no matter what we may have done during the day.,2.,研究结果,表明，,无论,我们白天,做了什么事情,，晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。,research findings,may has done sth,no matter,3.,有些人往往责怪别人没有,尽最大努力,，以此来为自己的失败,辩护,。,try ones best,Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.,Justify sth.by,4.,我们,忠于,我们的承诺：,凡是,答应我们做的，我们都会做到。,remain true to,we remain true to our commitment:whatever we promised to so,we should do it.,whatever,5.,连贝多芬的父亲都,不相信,自己的儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也,同样如此,，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。,Even Beethovens father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison,