外研版七上期末重点归纳.doc

期末考试重点归纳
I. 考查冠词a, an, the用法
1. 用the: a map of the world, at the same hospital, on the same day, the sun
2. 用an: an American boy, an English teacher, an old book, an actor, an apple, an orange, an office building, an egg, an eight-year-old boy, an elephant, an interesting book, an African country,
3. 不填：play basketball, have breakfast

II. 名词变复数
+s: parents, photos, noodles, vegetables, Americans, 12 years old
以s, x, ch, sh结尾的加es: buses, boxes, matches, wishes 注： potatoes, tomatoes
以辅音字母加y结尾的去y—ies: city-cities; family-families; library-libraries; candy-candies
以f, fe结尾的变为ves: leaf-leaves, scarf-scarves
复数形式不变：a fish-two fish; a Chinese-two Chinese
其他特殊形式：man-men; woman-women; policeman-policemen; tooth-teeth, child-children, mouse-mice老鼠
名词短语变复数：hotel managers; women teachers, men doctors
注：在some, any, many, these, those, how many, 及具体数字后面可数名词常用复数形式
而不可数名词无复数形式：meat, beef, chicken, furniture, water, juice, orange juice, chocolate, coffee, cola, tea, bread, sugar, rice, ice cream, cheese, soup这些名词后不可加s

III. 考查介词及介词短语
of---……的：a map of China, the capital of China, a photo of Tony’s family
from---来自： Tom is from England.
for----因为，给某人用的：The big desk is for our teachers. Here is a letter for you.
with----和，用，带有，和： My friend has a house with a big garden.
on---在……的上面： There are some pictures on the wall. -----under---在…..的下面
在星期或具体的某天早上：on Monday, on Monday morning 对比in the morning
behind----在……的后面 before在…之前 after在…之后
near----在…..的附近 like像…样的
at小地点 My father works at a hospital.
在具体时刻用at at seven o’clock
in 大地点或在年级，班级，月份，季节，年：in Beijing, in spring, in Class 5, Grade 7
介词短语归纳：
next to(紧靠着，在……的旁边), in front of（在外部的前面）, in the front of（在内部的前面）, in the middle of（在……的中间）, between…and…（在…与….之间）, on the left/right（在左/右边）, have…for breakfast/lunch/dinner（早中晚餐吃了什么）, be good/bad for,（对…有好/坏处）, in English（用英语）, go home from work, get on, get off, turn on, turn off, by email,

IV. 名词所有格
当需表达某某人的…意思时需加’s ：my sister’s book, a photo of Tony’s family
若该单词以s结尾可以直接加’：my parents’ room
注： This is Lucy and Lily’s father（表示两人共同所有在后一个人后加’s）
These are Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms（表示两人分别所有时都要加’s）

V. 几组对应关系（常以单选形式出现）
1. 工作及工作地点:
nurse/doctor-hospital; teacher-school/university; worker-factory, policeman-police station
2. 学校建筑及活动:
have lunch-dinning hall; read books-library; play football-playground/sports hall
3. 姓与名：
姓last name=family name: Wang, Smith---Miss Wang, Mr Smith
名first name=given name: Lingling, Tony
4. and表示并列，but表示转折，or表示选择和否定中的“和”
5. some用于肯定句 any用于否定句和疑问句

VI. 考查动词形式
用doing形式的：I like playing basketball.喜欢做某事
How/what about going shopping for some meat？做什么事怎么样？
Tony is good at playing football.擅长于做某事
Swimming is my favorite sport.做某事是…
用to do形式的：（It’s）nice to meet you.见到你真高兴。
It’s time to go now.现在是时候要走了。
Remember to close the door.
It is important to eat healthy food.
用do原形不变的：can/can’t/must/should/don/doesn’t do
let sb do sth
祈使句用动词原形：Open your book, please.
用does三单形式的：He likes bananas.
My uncle works at a police station.
用be doing
¬¬¬IX. 句型转换（此部分非常重要，需结合笔记和题目仔细看并反复操练）
A. 改为否定句
1. There is an apple on the table.---There is not (=isn’t) an apple on the table.
2. There are some apples on the table.---There aren’t any apples on the table.
3. I have got some books.---I haven’t got any books.
4. He has got some orange juice.---He hasn’t got any orange juice.
5. Open the door.---Don’t open the door.

B. 改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答或否定回答
1. There is an apple on the table.---Is there an apple on the table. Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.
There are some apples.---Are there any apples? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.
2. I have got some books.---Have you got any books? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
He has got some orange juice.---Has he got any orange juice? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
3. I can play basketball. ---Can you play basketball? Yes, I can. No, I can’t.
He can swim.---Can he swim? Yes, he can. No, he can’t.
4. I like bananas.---Do you like bananas? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
He likes apples.---Does he like apples? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
5. This is an English book.---Is this an English book? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
These are English books. ---Are these English books? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

C. 改为特殊疑问句或对划线部分提问
对数量提问用how many: There are twenty students in my class.---How many students are there in your class?
对年龄提问用how old
对身体提问用how
对班级提问用what class
对颜色提问用what colour
对星期提问用what day
对身份提问用who
对地点提问用where
其他用what提问, 但需注意用what还是用what’s
My school is big and new.---What’s your school like?
It’s cold in Jinan in winter.---What’s the weather like in Jinan in winter?
My favorite food is chicken.---What’s your favorite food?

D. 改为单数和复数句
This is an apple.---These are apples. What is this?---What are these?
That is an apple.---Those are apples. What is that?---What are those?
There is an apple on the table.---There are apples on the table.

E. 同义句改写
My name is Lucy. = I am Lucy.
How about going shopping for some food? = What about going shopping for some food?
= Why not go shopping for some food?
= Shall we go shopping for some food?
= Let’s go shopping for some food.
What’s the weather like in London in spring? = How is the weather in London in spring?
Having a good breakfast is important. = It is important to have a good breakfast.
There are many apples on the table. = There are a lot of apples on the table.
= There are lots of apples on the table.
Too much chocolate is bad for your health. = Too much chocolate isn’t good for your health.
A week has seven days. = There are seven days in a week.
What does your father do? = What’s your father’s job? = What’s your father?
His job is at the police station. = He is a policeman.
The library is on the left of the school. = The school is on the right of the library.

F. 合并为一句
This is Mike’s father and this is Mike’s mother. = These are Mike’s parents.
Lily is on the right of Mike and on the left of John. = Lily is between Mike and John.

G. 感叹句What a big family!
What bad weather it is!