资源描述
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.核心单词
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词
1．billion/'bɪljən/n.十亿
2．native/'neɪtɪv/adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的 n．本地人
3．attitude/'ætɪtjuːd/n.态度；看法
4．system/'sɪstəm/n.体系；制度；系统
5．despite/dɪ'spaɪt/prep.即使；尽管
6．factor/'fæktə(r)/n.因素；要素
7._symbol/'sɪmbl/n.符号；象征
8._carve/kɑːv/vt.& vi.雕刻
9．dynasty/'dɪnəsti/n.王朝；朝代
10._means/miːnz/n.方式；方法；途径
11._classic/'klæsɪk/adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著
12．regard/rɪ'ɡɑːd/n.尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
13．character/'kærəktə(r)/n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
14．calligraphy/kə'lɪɡrəfi/n.书法；书法艺术
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据音标及词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇
1．refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫…… 求助于→reference (n.)参考；参照；涉及
2．base_ vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据→based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
3．variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→vary vt.&vi.使多样化；变化
4．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究→majority n．多数
5．global_ adj.全球的；全世界的→globe (n.)球体；地球仪；地球
6._appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会→appreciation (n.)欣赏；感激；感谢
Ⅲ.重点短语
根据汉语意思补全短语
1．refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
2．ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
3．date back (to...) 追溯到
4．the attitude_to/towards... 对……的态度
5．pay attention_to 注意
6．do business with sb. 与某人做生意
7．be known_for 因……而出名
8．lead to 导致
9．varieties of 各种各样的
10．be of_great importance 很重要
11．be connected with 和……有联系
12．play a．.. role in 起着……的作用
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．That was a time when...那是……的时期
Over the years, it developed into different forms because that was a time when the Chinese people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
随着时间的推移，它发展成不同的形式，因为那时中国人民在地理上分裂，导致许多方言和文字出现。
2．No matter how/what/when...，引导让步状语从句
Even today, no_matter_where_Chinese_people_live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么方言，他们仍然可以用书面交流。
3．as 引导状语从句，意为“随着”
As_China_plays_a_greater_role_in_global_affairs,_an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在国际事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这种令人惊叹的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。
►第一步|速读——了解教材课文(P62)主题和段落大意
1．What is the text mainly about ?
A．The development of Chinese writing system
B．The effect of Chinese writing system
C．The important role of Chinese writing system
D．The development and effect of Chinese writing system
答案：D
2．Please match the main idea of paragraphs.
Paragraphs 1～4： A．China's present is connected with its past by written Chinese.
Paragraph 5： B．Many foreigners learn Chinese culture and history through the Chinese written system.
Paragraph 6： C．How did the Chinese writing system develop?
答案：Paragraphs 1～4：C Paragraph 5：A Paragraph 6：B
►第二步|细读——把握教材课文(P62)关键信息
1．What do you think is one of the main factors that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive?
A．Chinese writing system
B．Chinese wisdom
C．Chinese hard work
D．Chinese spoken language
答案：A
2．What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A．How did people carve symbols on bones and shells?
B．What did the symbols on bones and shells mean?
C．When did the picture－based language begin?
D．A picture－based language, the earliest written Chinese.
答案：D
3．Why did the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction?
A．People wanted to live in peace.
B．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country.
C．People were willing to communicate in a language.
D．People were divided geographically.
答案：B
4．How does foreigners appreciate the China's culture and history?
A．Classic works B．Music
C．The Chinese language D．A picturebased language
答案：C
►第一板块|核心词汇诠释
1．native adj.本国的；本地的 n．本地人；本国人
(教材P60) How many billion people speak the UN's official languages as their native or second language? 有多少亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？
(1)be native to 原产于
one's native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
(2)be a native of... ……的人；原产于……的动物或植物
①Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
②As a matter of fact, French is not my native language.事实上，法语不是我的母语。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)Is her uncle a native of Shanghai, or just a visitor?
(2)The researcher says the tiger is native to India.,
发散思维：
one's native language 母语
official language 官方语言
2.attitude n．态度； 看法； 姿态
(教材P60)What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning?
说话者对外语学习的态度是什么？
attitude to/towards... 对……的态度/看法
have/take a(n)．..attitude to/towards... 对……持……的态度/采取……的态度
①We each should develop a positive attitude to life.
我们每个人都应该培养积极的人生态度。
②Try to have a positive attitude to/towards everything and stop complaining.
尽力对每件事情都持积极的态度，停止抱怨。
[即学即练] 单句写作
是你对生活的不好态度使父母生气。
It was your_bad_attitude_towards/to your work that made your parents angry.
名师指津：attitude后常用介词“to/towards”哟！
3.despite prep.即使；尽管
(教材P62) China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history.
中国以其悠久的文明而闻名，尽管历史上有过许多起起落落，但中国一直延续到现代。
despite 即使；尽管， 为介词，后常跟名词或v.ing
even if 即使；尽管，为连词，后跟从句
①My parents love me despite my shortcomings.
尽管我有很多缺点，但是父母还是喜欢我的。
②John is a good basketball player despite being short and thin.
尽管约翰身材矮小，他依然是个优秀的篮球运动员。
[即学即练] even if 与despite对比填空
(1)Despite the fact that Mr.Li is very rich, he leads a simple life.
(2)Even_if I fail many times, I won't give up.
发散思维：
despite同义词为：in spite of
Despite/In spite of failure, he didn't lose heart.
尽管失败了，他没有灰心。
4.refer to 提及；查阅；参考；谈到；提交；把……称作……；指的是
(经典例句)He had been well prepared for his speech so that he didn't refer to his note book while delivering his speech.
他已经为他的演讲做了充分的准备，所以他在演讲时没有看笔记本。
一词多义——写出下列句中refer to的含义
(1)Since the boy has been punished, please don't refer to that matter again.提及
(2)If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.参考
(3)When I said some people were stupid I wasn't referring to you.指的是
(4)As far as I know, he is referred to as a living Lei Feng.把……称作
(1)refer to...as... 把……称作……
(2) reference n． 言及，提及；参考；查阅
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.
(2) What really surprised us was that the president spoke at the meeting for nearly two hours without referring (refer) to his notes.
名师指津：不一样的“查字典”：
look up the word in the dictionary
refer to the dictionary
consult the dictionary
5.based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
(教材P62)At the beginning, written Chinese was a picturebased language.
最初，书面汉语是一种以象形文字为基础的语言。
(1)be based on/upon 以……为基础/依据
(2) base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础
n. 底部；根据
base...on... 以……为基础
(3)basic adj. 基础的
①In my diary, I set down a series of things that are all based on facts.
在我的日记里，我记下了一系列有事实根据的事情。
②One should always base his opinion on facts.
一个人应该始终以事实为根据发表自己的观点。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)Based (base) on a true story, the film is very popular.
(2)They have to have a basic (base) understanding of computers in order to use the technology.
(3) The restaurant is based on trust, and it is working all right.(升级句式)
→Based_on_trust,_the restaurant is working all right.(分词短语作状语)
名师指津：base 常用过去分词作状语哟！
6.date back (to...)追溯(到……)
(教材P62)It dates back to several thousand years to longgu.
它可以追溯到几千年前的龙骨。
(1)date back to＝date from 追溯到……
(2)out of date 过时的，陈旧的
①As far as I know, the old town dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.
据我所知，这个古老的城镇可追溯到初唐时期。
②I'd like to buy a new coat, because this one is out of date.
我想买一个新外套，因为这个外套已经过时了。
[即学即练] 单句写作
每天有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。
Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower, which_dates_back_to as early as 800 years ago.
名师指津：牢记 date back to只用一般现在时哟！
7.variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
(经典佳句) One of the advantages is that we can find varieties of topics, such as science, culture and history.其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题，如：科学、文化、历史等。
(1)a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的
(2)various adj. 不同的；各种各样的
for various reasons 由于种种原因
(3)vary vt.&vi. 改变；变化
vary from... to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
① In my free time, I'd like to take exercise, such as swimming, running and various/a variety of ball games.在业余时间，我喜欢锻炼，例如：游泳、跑步和各种球类运动。
②All languages change over time and vary from place to place because of the local accent.
所有的语言都会随着时间的推移而变化，并且由于地方口音的不同而有所不同。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)It is a pity that some people can't go back home at the Spring Festival for a variety (various) of reasons.
(2)The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages vary_ (various) from 10 to 15.
(3)Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of wellequipped facilities.
→Our school has built a new stadium, which_has_various/varieties_of/a_variety_of_ wellequipped facilities. (升级加黑词； 升级为定语从句)
名师指津：不一样的“各种各样”：
a variety of；
varieties of；
various；
all kinds of
8.major/'meɪdʒə(r)/adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究
(教材P62)Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
秦始皇统一了七大诸侯国，形成了一个统一的郡，中国的文字系统开始朝一个方向发展。
(1) major in 主修……；以……为专业
(2) majority n. 大多数；大半
the majority of 大多数……
be in the majority 构成大部分/大多数
①I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.我猜想这里可能有个大的误会。
②When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is of great importance.当涉及教育，大部分人认为教育很重要。
[即学即练] 单句写作
随着中国在国际事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，学好汉语对我们来说非常重要。因此，我的父母想让我在大学主修中文。
As China plays_a_more_and_more_important_role_in_global affairs, it is very important for us to have a good knowledge of Chinese. As a result, my parents wants me to_major_in_Chinese at college.
发散思维：
表示“主要的；首要的”的形容词一览
①major 主要的；重要的
②main 主要的
③chief 首要的
9.means n．方式；方法；途径
(教材P62)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。
(1) a means of communication 一种通讯/交流工具
(2)by this means 通过这种方法
by means of 用……办法；借助……
by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
mean vi. 意味着
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
①There is no doubt that Wechat is an important means of communication.
毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。
②Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing parttime jobs.
学生有时借助兼职工作养活自己。
③By no means can you give up when you are in trouble.
处境困难时绝对不能放弃。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
(1)Every possible means has_been_tried (try), but none has worked.
(2)All possible means have_been_tried (try), but none has worked.
(3)Missing the bus means waiting (wait) for another two hours.
温馨提示：
means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。
10.regard n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
(教材P62)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form which has become an important part of Chinese culture: Chinese calligraphy.
汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展，已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分：书法。
(1)regard/consider... as... 认为……是……
(2)have high/no regard for... 高度关注/无视……
with/in regard to sth. 关于某事
①I regard this novel as one of the best novels I have ever read.
我认为这是我读过的最好的小说中的一部。
②She has no regard for other people's feelings. 她无视别人的感受。
③In regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully.
关于你的建议，我们将充分讨论。
[即学即练] 一句多译
众所周知，李健被认为是最著名的音乐人之一。
(1)As we all know, Li Jian is_considered_as_one of the most famous musicians.
(2)It is known to us that Li Jian_is_regarded_as one of the most famous musicians.
名师指津：复数“regards”意为“问候，致意”
Please give my reagrds to your parents. 请向你父母转达我的致意。
11.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值
(教材P62)As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在国际事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这种令人惊叹的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。
(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if... 假如……，我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n． 欣赏； 感激
express one's appreciation to sb. for sth. 表达对某人的感激之情
①Many people can't fully appreciate the importance of regular exercise.
许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。
②I'd appreciate your writing me back as soon as possible.你尽早回信我将感激不尽。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.
(2)I appreciate being_given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
(3)I'd_appreciate_it_if_you could take my suggestions into consideration.
如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽。
名师指津：“感谢某人”荟萃：
thank sb.
express one's thanks to sb.
express one's appreciation to sb.
►第二板块|重点句型解构
1．句型公式：That/This was a time when...这是……的时期
(教材P62) Over the years, it developed into different forms because that was a time when the Chinese people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
随着时间的推移，它发展成不同的形式，因为那时中国人民在地理上分裂，导致许多方言和文字出现。
This/That is/was a time when... 这是一个……的时期
There was a time when... 曾有一段时间……
①That was a time when the girl lost the power of speech.
那是这个女孩不能说话的一段时间。
②There was a time when women were not allowed to go to school.
曾经有一段时间，女性不被允许去上学。
[即学即练] 单句写作
这是一段汤姆的妈妈很容易生气的时期。
This_was_a_time_when Tom's mother got angry very easily.
名师指津：牢记There was once a time when... 一定要用when 引导定语从句哟！
2.句型公式： No matter how/what/when…，引导让步状语从句
(教材P62) Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么方言，他们仍然可以用书面交流。
(1)no matter how意为“不管；无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，相当于however。
(2)“no matter＋特殊疑问词(如who/what/where/when等)”均可引导让步状语从句，可与特殊疑问词ever等词互换。
①No matter how difficult it is, I'm going to finish the work ahead of time.
无论有多么困难，我打算提前完成工作。
②No matter what/Whatever you say, I won't believe you any longer.
无论你说什么，我再也不相信你了。
[即学即练] 一句多译
不管有多晚，他母亲总是等他。
(1)No_matter_how_late_it_is,_his mother is always waiting for him.
(2)However_late_it_is,_his mother is always waiting for him.
名师指津：分析句子成分是确定no matter what/when/how/who的关键。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．As a matter of fact, French is not my native(本国的)language.
2．As is known to us all, the valuable painting dates back to the Ming Dynasty (朝代)．
3．The film which is_based (以……为基础)on a true love story is very popular with young people.
4．The weather could be a major factor (因素) in tomorrow's game.
5．After three years of study, she knows the dialect (方言) here well.
6．As we all know, cars have become a popular means (途径，方法) of transport.
7．As you know, smoking is one of the major (主要的) causes of cancer, so you'd better give it up.
8．Practising Chinese Kungfu can not only build up your body but also can develop your character (品质，个性)．
9．As you get older, your attitude (态度) towards life changes.
10．Like many young people, he prefers pop music to classical (古典的) music.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．You'd better learn some basic (base) Chinese before you come to our school. Only in this way can you get used to the life here soon.
2．Our school lies in Tianjin city, which is beautiful. In autumn, it is neither too hot nor too cold.
3．As a result, we often take part in varieties (various) of afterschool activities.
4．As is known to us,
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