高三英语二轮复习学案.doc

高三英语二轮复习学案
——语法填空专讲
制作人：固始县外国语高中 杨福云
一：复习目标
熟练掌握高考中英语语法填空的做题技巧，把握高考动态。
二：可能存在的问题：
学生对于谓语动词和非谓语动词的使用较糊涂。
三：考纲解读
语法填空题 共10小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容(一个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。本部分所需时间约为10分钟。
四：命题特点
语法填空题的考查宗旨在于：考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法和语言知识的掌握情况，着重考查考生的综合语言运用能力，其“突出语篇，强调运用”的命题思路，不仅充分体现了语言测试的交际性原则，也很好地体现了高中英语课程改革的教学理念。
五：解题步骤
1．通读全文， 了解大意。
既然是利用语篇在语境中考语法， 那么， 我们在解题前要快速浏览短文， 了解全文大意。这一步非常重要。
2．试填空格，先易后难。
读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语境 (也就是上下文)，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词在句中作何种句子成分，从而推断出它的词性，然后再根据句子意义的完整性去确定填一个表示什么意义的代词、冠词或介词等，最后根据句子与句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填哪个关联词。
3．重读全文， 解决难题。
在大部分空格填好后，再仔细推敲难题。此时难题也就不再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾再复读一遍进行核查。
六、考查话题及题型分布。
2015：谓语动词2个，非谓语2个，词性转换1个比较级1个
2014：谓语动词1个，非谓语3个，词类转换2个介词1个。
七：英语语法填空常见题型模板（希望你记牢了）
1.It is ______good way to live your life.
2.Honesty is the _______(easy)choice that we can make.
3.We are ______(true) free.
4.There are some people ______(wait) for you outside the school gate.
5.The choice is ________ (you).
6.I am happy _______( buy)the bike.
7.The class was ______(puzzle) by his drawing.
8.I will always remember the first day________my grandma set out the huge lunch on the table.
9.I still remember the first day_______my grandma and I spent together happily.
10.My mother sat there, ________(sing) an English song.
11.My mother sat there,_________(lose) in thought.
12.A survey was done last year about why people _______(turn) to strangers for help.
13.If I hold it for an hour, I _______(have)an ache in my right arm.
14.The longer I hold it, the _______(heavy)it becomes.
15.It becomes _________(increasing) heavy.
16.I will see you again before _______(leave) our school.
17.You will experience _________(anxious) or even get ill.
18Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees_____(sell) the wood.
19It’s never foolish_________(acknowledge) you are in the wrong.Being human ,we are need the art of apology.
20.Little Tom sat_______(amaze)watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
21..But when he was 11years old, he found out he had a sickness which would prevent him from growing much __________(tall).
22．Nowadays ,how we can take of _______old is becoming ______hot and serious topic.
23Those_______ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.
24.He wrote many children’s books ,nearly half of ______were published in the 1990s

八．做题技巧——纯空格题的解题技巧
纯空格类试题其考查的语言项目主要有：行文逻辑、冠词、连词、介词、关系词等。首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词。具体分析方法有：
要诀1　名词、代词、动名词前设空，首先考虑限定词与介词
Eg..It is ______good way to live your life.
要诀2　及物动词后设空，首先考虑代词或名词。
Eg..The choice is ________ (you).
【解读】　如果动词是及物动词，其后应跟宾语。因此如果在及物动词后设空，应首先考虑代词，尤其是宾格代词，以代替上文提到的人或者事物，或结合语境填入名词作它的宾语。
要诀3　平时注意积累，注意习惯搭配。
要诀4　掌握并列句和主从复合句的结构。若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，就必须要有连词，否则句子结构就不完整。接着通过判定从句类型来选择适当的连词。
要诀5　由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。
(1)由it is...that...强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。
2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do, does, did等。
3)so /such...that...句型。
九．给出了动词的试题
要诀1　首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。
要诀2　若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing形式、ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：
(1)作主语或宾语，通常用ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。
(2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。
十．空格处的提示词为形容词、副词时，首先考虑比较级或最高级形式或者形容词的副词形式
【解读】　在语法填空中，对形容词、副词的考查主要是指对形容词、副词的比较级或最高级的考查，因此要特别注意一些形容词、副词的比较级或最高级的不规则形式，如well/ good—better—best; bad—worse—worst等。如果所给提示词为形容词，还要注意可能会用形容词的副词形式。
(1)表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
(2)作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。
(3)修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。
(4)有可能是词义转换题，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un, im等，在词根后加less等。
十一．动词的时态：一般现在时标志性的词，一般过去时标志性的词，现在完成时标志性的词。
●注意整理不规则动词的过去时和过去分词。
●注意不规则形用词的比较级和最高级。
●那些动词后接ing,那些动词后接不定式
十二：非谓语动词做宾语

有些动词常接不定式，整理如下(1）想知道want,wish,hope, expect,seek,attempt, aim,would like/love ,desire（2）早打算plan,prepare,arrange(3)同意否agree,promise,undertake,offer,refuse(4）问问看ask,beg(5)决定了decide,determine,make up one’s mind ,be determined
（6）尽力干manage(反义词fail)struggle(7)别装蒜：pretend 此外 learn,choose ,afford,happen,wait等用不定式。

十三：时态的高频考点：

1.一般现在时：表示经常性习惯性的动作。
2.如果主句是一般现在时，那么在由when,while,before,after,until,as soon as 等引导的时间壮语从句中可用一般现在时代替将来时。
The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started.
3.常表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去习惯性动作。
4.现在完成时：表示过去已经发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与lately,recently,so far,by now,in the last/past few days/years,up to/till now等时间壮语连用。
或since+时间点；for+时间段

十四：形容词副词的高频考点：
1.相互转换。
2.比较等级：
1） the more……the more 句式。
2）than 标志
3）比较级前可用 much,far, a lot,a good deal, a great deal,rather 等修饰，表示‘‘ ······ 得多。’
十五：Class Show :2016 高考样卷：阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
O ne morning,I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __61___(be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop,___62____ some of them looked very anxious and _____63____ (disappoint).When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next __64__ the window ,so I had a good view of the sidewalk .A boy on a bike _____65___(catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms .I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____66__(stop)until we reached the next stop .Still, the boy kept ____67___(ride).He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting .Finally, when we came to the next stop ,the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation .Then the driver stood up and asked , ”_____68___anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ?”A woman on the bus shouted, ”Oh dear! It’s ____69___(I).”She pushed her way to the drive and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done ,and the crowd of strangers ____70___(sudden) became friendly to one another

●Class Show
●Teaching Reflection
●Homework.背诵所要求的。
附录：不规则动词的过去式和过去分词(一定要记住了)
become-became-become;begin-began-begun;bend-bent bent;bite-bit-bitten;blow-blew-blown;break-broke-broken;bring-brought-brought
build- built-built;buy-bought-bought;catch-caught-caught;choose-chose-chosen
come-came-come;deal-dealt-dealt;dig-dug-dug;do-did-done;draw-drew-drawn
dream-dreamt/dreamed-dreamt/dreamed;drink-drank-drunk;drive-drove-driven
eat-ate-eaten;fall-fell-fallen;feed-fed-fed;feel-felt-felt;fight-fought-fought
find-found-found ;fly-flew-flown;fly-flew-flown;forbid-forbade-forbidden;forget-forgot-forgotten;freeze-froze-frozen;get-got-gotten;give-gave-given;go-went-gone;grow-grew-grown;have(has)-had-had;hear-heard-heard;hide-hid-hidden;hold-held-held;keep-kept-kept;know-knew-known;lay-laid-laid;lead-led-led;lean-leant-leant;learn-learnt,learned-learnt,learned.leave-left-left;lend-lent-lent;lie-lay-lain;lie-lied-lied;light-lighted,lit-lighted,lit;lose-lost-lost;make-made-made;mean-meant-meant;meet-met-met;