1、冠词 基本知识点一 冠词:用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物二 种类:不定冠词a/an和定冠词the区别a/ an的方法是:看音素,而不是字母。_hour _year _exercise _ actor_book _ useful thing _ uncle _ horse三 不定冠词a/an 的用法 A: 表类别 1。用在单数可数名词前,表示泛指某一类人或物 (1) My mother is _ teacher (2)She is _actress 2。指初次提到的人或物,但不具体说明何人或何物 (3) I have _ friend (4) He has _ egg. 3。 用在姓名前,
2、或者Mr./Mrs./Miss/Ms. +姓氏前,表示“某一个,某位”,有不肯定的意思,也可表示“一位”,指某家庭的成员。 (5)_ Mr Wang called you. (6) _ Miss Li came to our class. B:表量指 1。表示“一个”,相当于 (7) _ apple a day keeps the doctor away. (8) I met _old friend of mine. 2。用在某些不可数名词前,表示某种具体的情况或者概念,相当于汉语的“一场(次);一个(种)等意思。 (9) Its _ pleasure to meet you here. (1
3、0) Its _ heavy snow. 3。表示”每一”,相当于any, every (11) We have meals three times _ day. (12) The train runs 200 miles _ hourC. 一些常用固定搭配。 for _ while have _cold have_try Wait _ minute take _look take_rest四 定冠词的用法 1。在单数普通名词前表示某一类人或事物,可不译出。 _ dog is an useful animal. _ pen can write 2。在重新提及的人或事物的名词前 He bough
4、t a hat yesterday, _ hat is red. I have a bike. _bike is cheap. 3。谈话人双方都知道的特定的人或者事物的名词前。 Open _ window, please. Tell me _ story, please. 4。在有限制性定语修饰的名词前。 _plane to Beijing has taken off _teacher you met yesterday is my mother. 5。在序数词前。 She is _ first to come. I am _ third to leave. 6。在表示世界上独一无二的事物的名
5、词前 _ earth goes round _sun. _ moon goes round _ earth. 7。在方向名词和某些表示时间的词组或习惯用语前 方位名词前:on _ right on_left in_ east to _west on _ north in _south 时间名词前:in_ morning in_ evening in_ afternoon 习惯用语: behind _door in _ bed on _tree under_ desk 8。在形容词最高级前。 He is _ tallest boy in our class I am _ quietest gir
6、l of us three. 9。在某些形容词(或分词)前表示具有这个特点的一类人或事物。 形容词前: 穷人: _ poor 富人: _ rich 老人: _ old 年轻人:_ young 过去分词前: 伤员: _ wounded 迷路者:_lost 10。 在姓氏复数形式前表示一家人或夫妻俩。 _ Greens are all at table. (格林一家人 ) _ Blacks are both friendly. (布莱格夫妻俩) 11。在逢十的复数数词前表示某个年代。 He was in Shanghai in _1970s (七十年代) We were born in _ 199
7、0s (九十年代) 12。在乐器名词前 The boy likes playing _guitar Lily is good at playing _ violin 13。在某些专有名词前。 I want to go to _ Great Wall and _ Great Lakes I like _ New York Times Do you know _ Red Sea? 五 零冠词(不用冠词)的情况 1。在专用名词、抽象名词、物质名词、复数可数名词前 in_ Beijing From _ Hong Kong 2。星期、节假日、月份、季节等名词前 in May 3。球类、棋类、牌类体育活动
8、以及三餐饭等名词前 play _ soccer play _ basketball 4。语言名词、各门学科、某些疾病名称前 learn _ English 5。头衔、呼唤语、单数可数名词表示家庭成员的称呼,以及在表语、补语或同位语中的职位名称前。 _ President Lincoln _ Mr Li 6.名词前有this/that/these/those,形容词性物主代词my/our/your/his/her/its/their,不定代词some/any/one/every/neither/either等限定词时 _ that old lady likes those_ cats. 7. 与by连用的交通工具名称前 by_train by_bike by_bus by_ca by_plane by_subway by_air by_ water by_ boat by _ ship8. 在一些固定搭配或习惯用语中 in _ danger in_happiness in_trouble on _foot at_night at_noon.