2021年自考英语二教材课文讲义unit5.doc

Unit 5 Keeping Your Dreams AliveI. New words and expressionsNew words1. transcend v. 超过，超越（普通界限）2. incessantly adv. 不断地；持续不断地3. noisilyadv. 喧闹地noisenoisy4. subtlyadv. 不易察觉地；不明显地；微妙地5. enormityn. 巨大；深远影响；严重性enormous6. burden n. （义务、责任等）重任，承担7. beliefn. 相信；信心believebelievableunbelievabledisbelief8. unique adj. 唯一；独一无二；独特9. affliction n. 折磨；痛苦10. especially adv. 特别；特别；格外11. tribe n. 部落12. species n. 种，物种（分类上不大于属）13. discipline n. 自制力；遵守纪律14. confront v. 解决，解决（问题或困境）15. evoke v. 引起，唤起（感情、记忆或形象）16. grief n. （尤指因某人去世引起）悲哀，悲痛，伤心17. guiltn. 内疚；懊悔guiltybe guilty ofbe / feel guilty about18. anxietyn. 焦急；忧虑anxious19. anguish n. 剧痛；极度痛苦；苦恼20. despair n. 绝望21. uncomfortableadj.（使）焦急，尴尬，胆怯，不自在22. physical adj. 身体；肉体；躯体23. equal v. 比得上；敌得过24. conflict n. 冲突；争执；争论25. engender v. 产生，引起（某种感觉或状况）26. pose v. 导致（威胁、问题等）；引起；产生27. distinguishv. 区别；辨别；分清28. wisdomn. 智慧；才智；精明29. mentally adv. 精神上；智力上；思想上30. spiritually adv. 精神上；心灵上31. desire v. 渴望；盼望32. deliberatelyadv. 故意；蓄意；存心33. instructv. 专家；指引34. dread v. 非常胆怯；极为紧张Phrases and Expressions1. moan about 抱怨2. a series of 系列；持续3. because of 由于4. as well as 除之外5. cutting edge（处在某事物发展）尖端，最前沿，领先阶段6. call forth 引起；使产生II. Text LearningLife Is Difficult Life Is Difficult. This is a great truth，one of the greatest truths. It is a great truth because once we truly see this truth we transcend it. Once we truly know that life is difficult-once we truly understand and accept it-then life is no longer difficult.Because once it is accepted，the fact that life is difficult no longer matters.（承上句） Most people do not fully see this truth that life is difficult. Instead they moan more or less incessantly，noisily or subtly，about theenormityof their problems，their burdens，and their difficulties as if life were generally easy，as if life should be easy.(1)They voice their belief，noisily or subtly，that their difficulties represent a unique kind of affliction that should not be and that has somehow been especiallyvisited uponthem，or else upon their families，their tribe，their class，their nation，their race or even their species，and not upon others.I know about this moaning because I have done my share.（承上、总结句子）本某些重点及难点：1. They voice their belief，noisily or subtly，that their difficulties represent a unique kind of affliction that should not be and that has somehow been especiallyvisited upon them，or else upon their families，their tribe，their class，their nation，their race or even their species，and not upon others.visit sth. on / upon sb./sth. （古）inflict（导致，使遭受） punishment on sb./sth. 对某人/某物进行惩罚visit the sins of the parents upon their children相称于make the children suffer for their parents failings 使子女因父母之过错而受惩罚 Life is a series of problems. Do we want to moan about them or solve them?Do we want to teach our children to solve them?Discipline is the basic set of tools we require to solve lifes problems.（主题句） Without discipline we can solve nothing. With only some discipline we can solve only some problems. Withtotal disciplinewe can solve all problems. What make life difficult is that the process of confronting and solving problems is a painful one. Problems，depending upon their nature,evokein us frustration of grief，sadness，loneliness，guilt，regret，anger，fear，anxiety，anguish，despair. These are uncomfortable feelings，often very uncomfortable，often as painful as any kind of physical pain，sometimes equaling the very worst kind ofphysical pain. (2)Indeed，it is because of the pain that events or conflicts engender in us all that we call them problems.（承上启下句） (3)And since lifeposes an endless series of problems，life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.本某些重点及难点：2. Indeed,it isbecause of the pain that events or conflicts engender in us allthatwe call them problems. 强调句。去掉it isthat剩余某些成立。3. And since lifeposes an endless series of problems，life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.pose an endless series of problemspose threatpose dangerpose for a picture (4)Yet it is in this whole process of meeting and solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the cutting edge that distinguishes between success and failure. Problems call forth our courage and our wisdom；indeed，they create ourcourageand our wisdom. It is only because of problems that we grow mentally and spiritually. When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit，we challenge andencouragethe human capacity to solve problems，just as in school we deliberately set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of confronting and resolving problems that we learn.（承上启下句）As Benjamin Franklin said，Those things that hurt，instruct. It is for this reason that wise people learn not to dread but actually to welcome problems and actually to welcome the pain of problems.本某些重点及难点：4.(Paragraph 8) Yetit is in this whole process of meeting and solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are thecutting edgethatdistinguishes between success and failure. Problems call forth ourcourageand our wisdom；indeed，they create ourcourageand our wisdom.It is only because of problems that we grow mentally and spiritually.When we desire toencouragethegrowthof the human spirit，we challenge andencouragethe human capacity to solve problems，just as in school we deliberately set problems for our children to solve.It is through the pain of confronting and resolving problems that we learn.（承上启下句）As Benjamin Franklin said，Those things that hurt，instruct.It is for this reason that wise people learn not to dread but actually to welcome problems and actually to welcome the pain of problems.本文浮现最多构造是强调构造。本段中强调构造有：（1）Yetit isin this whole process of meeting and solving problemsthatlife has its meaning.（2）It isonly because of problemsthatwe grow mentally and spiritually. （本句语序要留意）比较：Only because of problems do we grow mentally and spiritually.类似尚有not until被强调时，例如：It was not until midnight that the party broke up.Not until midnight did the party break up.（3）It isthrough the pain of confronting and resolving problemsthatwe learn.（4）It isfor this reasonthatwise people learnnotto dreadbutactually to welcome problems and actually to welcome the pain of problems.请认真答题，答题成果将记入知识点测评成绩！【单选题】8. It was not until the deadline that _ out the application form. A he had sent B had he sent C he sent D did he send【答案】C【解析】本题考查否定词被强调时，强调构造中that从句语序。否定词放在句首句子要用倒装语序，但在强调构造中否定词被强调时，that引导某些不能倒装，要用陈述句语序。【知识点】否定词被强调时，强调构造中that从句语序重点掌握：courage派生词courageousencourage sb. to do sth.discourage sb. from doing sth.encouragingdiscouragingencouragementdiscouragementIII. 某些练习解说P201 Bridging the GapDirections：Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.解题办法：把词分类动词 名词 形容词连词 介词focus onthe middle innerbutthanfit sensesatisfythinking ofsensechallengedThe purpose of life is to1satisfythe soul，and though acknowledging your accomplishments can help in this effort，it cannot take you the full distance（全程）. The only thing that can satisfy your soul is an answer to the question，who am I?You are an individualized expression of life，of greater consequence and magnitude2thananything you will ever accomplish.When we3focus onthe fact that we are enough now，the beginning,4the middleand the end of every journey - whether its finding a mate or getting a better job - is filled with a5senseof well-being（幸福感）. We may complete an experience and even be thrilled by the outcome,6butwe know that we are no more complete than when we started out.You see，we are either enough right now or were not；and if we are，then were7challengedby our enoughness to live that way.The problem is，most of us dont listen to the8innervoice that says，Youre enough because you exist. We ignore it because being enough doesnt9fitthe image we have ourselves. We have spent so much time10thinking ofourselves as not being enough that enoughness seems very far away. We may have a sense of being surrounded by the Life Force（生命力量），but we forget that the Life Force is also within us. And if the Life Force is within us，we are enough.I. New words and expressionsNew words1. lately adv. 近来；新近；近来；不久前2. insurmountable adj. （困难、问题等）无法克服，难以解决，不可逾越3. challengen. 挑战；艰巨任务4. battle v.（与）搏斗；，（与）斗争5. desperation n. 绝望；拼命；铤而走险6. valuev. 注重；珍视7. wand n. 魔杖8. cheerfully adv. 高兴地；高兴地；兴高采烈地9. quote v. 引用；引述10. unreceptive adj. 对新观点、建议等）不肯倾听，不肯接受11. inspirationn. 鼓舞人心人（或事物）inspireinspire sb. to (make) more effortsinspire confidence in sb.inspiring12. contactv. 联系，联系（如用电话或信件）contact sb.contact lens13. imaginev. 料想；以为imaginativeimaginaryimaginableunimaginableimagination请看下面填空练习：Fairy tales are allimaginary.One has to be veryimaginativeto be a science-fiction writer.We have encounteredunimaginabledifficulties in carrying out that policy.He is very rich inimagination.14. uncaring adj. 冷漠；无同情心15. life-threatening adj. 也许致命；威胁着生命16. recoveryn. 恢复；痊愈recover from sth.make a quick recovery from sth.Phrases and Expressions1. start over重新开始2. on ones feet （困境后）恢复，完全复原；（病后）痊愈3. struggle with 斗争；抗争4. walk out on遗弃，抛弃，离开（某人）5. bring about 导致；引起6. fight back 奋力抵抗；还击II. Text LearningBegin Again(1)To begin againmeansthat you wont give up.To begin again means youre trying.You can eitherstart overand live your lifeOr spend the rest of your life slowly dying.It is never the falling that makes us fail.It is never the pain or the crying.You can never fail in life，my friend,(2)Unless yougive uptrying.- Bob Perks本某些重点及难点：1. To begin againmeansthat you wont give up.mean doing sth./ mean that/ mean sth. 意味着，意思是，指是mean to do sth. 打算做某事，想要做某事例如：Loving a person doesnt mean dying for him or her.This result doesnt mean that you havent worked hard.Love means mutual respect.I didnt mean to hurt your feelings.2. Unless yougive uptrying.give up doing sth.give up smoking / trying注意区别：give ingive in to the enemy / money请认真答题，答题成果将记入知识点测评成绩！【单选题】9. The new order will mean _ overtime as far as we are concerned. A working B to work C to be working D work【答案】A【解析】本题考查mean用法。mean doing sth.意思是意味着，意思是，指是，而mean to do sth.意思是打算做某事。本句意思是对咱们来说这一新订单意味着加班加点，故选A。【知识点】mean用法It seems lately thatmore and more of my friends are facing someseemingly insurmountable challenges in their lives. A few havelost their jobsand some havefailed marriages. All too many have health issues or are battling cancer.(3)I dont know ifit isdesperationthatcauses them toturn to me for adviceor whether they have come to value our friendship.But it is difficult，to say the least，to offer words of hope when all they feel is hopelessness. They expect answers，some magic waving of a wand，or a roadmap to get them back on their feet again.I have often struggled with what to say. Mostly because I have faced many of the same challenges in my own life，I rememberhow emptyI felt after someone cheerfully offered words like，Keep your chin up! Things will get better! Hang in there! its always darkest, etc.Yes，even those who were quick to quote the Bible to me found me quiteunreceptiveat the time.Now，as aninspiration writer，being thought of as a resource of hope or a good (or bad) example of what to do in life，I have even more people contacting me.So，what do I say?What can I do，Bob?Ive lost my job. What do you suggest?Begin again.(4) He walked out on me.My whole world just ended. What should I do?Begin again.Bob，I know both your son and your wife had cancer. I found out my wife does，too. What did you tell them?Begin again.It almost sounds too simple. I imagine in the darkest hours of ones life，those words would seem useless oruncaring. But it is indeed the answer.All life challenges bring about an ending - and the chance for a beginning. A job loss presents an opportunity to start over somewhere else and maybe even in another career.(5)A failed marriage does not mean youare throughloving or being loved.It means there are others just like you needing to be loved. Find them.A life-threatening disease does not mean giving up. It means starting a new path to recovery and discovering within yourself the ability to fight back and win.And if you are a person of faith，even death does not mean its over. It means，to begin again.本某些重点及难点：3. I dont know ifit isdesperationthatcauses them toturn to me for adviceor whether they have come to value our friendship.turn to sb. for sth.turn to sb. for comfortturn to sb. for help / advice4. He walked out on me.He walked out on me.=He deserted / abandoned / dumped me.5. A failed marriage does not mean youare throughloving or being loved.be through loving or being lovedbe through (with) 完毕；结束例如：When will you be through with your work?Mary and Tom are through.be through with sb. 与某人断绝关系be through with drinking / smoking 不再喝酒/吸烟