正确使用that和which.doc

正确运用that和which

1、that 指物，有时也可以指人,which 指物，不能指人。Which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以放在介词后面，that 则不能。 例如：
Who is the man that is reading the newspaper?(正)   Who is the man which is reading the newspaper?（误）
The room in which she lives is a large one.（正）    The room in that she lives is a large one.（误）
2、先行词前面有形容词最高级，序数词next, last, very, any, little, no 等修饰时，用that 不用which引导定语从句。例如：
This is the best film that I have seen.（正）      This is the best film which I have seen.（误）
3、先行词是all, much, little, none等时，用that而不用which引导定语从句。例如：
That’s all that I want to say.（正）             That’s all which want to say.（误）
4、先行词是不定代词something, anything, anything, everything时，一般用that而不用which引导定语从句。例如：
Is there anything that you want in this shop?（正）   Is there anything which you want in this shop?（误）
注：当something表示具体的事物，重要的东西，重要的人物等确定意义时，它是名词，关系代词用that 或which均可。例如：
There was the mysterious something which/that they had worked so hard to find: radium.
5、先行词是人和物时，要用that 而不用which/who引导定语从句。例如：
He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all. （正）
He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.（误）
6、先行词本身是that 时，一般用which引导定语从句。例如：
The predicate is that which is said of the subject.
7、在who开头的疑问句中，若还要用关系代词引导定语从句时，用that引导定语从句。例如：
Who is the girl that is singing in the hall?
8、当关系词后面有插入语时用which引导定语从句。例如：
Here is the English grammar book which, as I have told you, will help to improve your English.