1、倒装句一、 教学背景:英语中的倒装结构用法上有区别的,并且学生经常混用。二、 教学目标 知识与技能教会学生英语中的倒装结构的用法及区别。三、教学重点与难点:1. 倒装句之全部倒装2. 倒装句之部分倒装3. 以否定词开头作部分倒装4. so, neither, nor作部分倒装 5. only在句首要倒装的情况 6. as, though 引导的倒装句7. 其他部分倒装四、 过程与方法启发式讲解,教会学生英语中的倒装结构的用法及区别区别,引导学生做出正确选择。五、情感态度与价值观1、在独立思考的基础上,积极参与到英语学习中,从中感到学习的乐趣。2、通过观察与比较,体验英语学习充满着探索性和创造性
2、。六、教学方法 任务型教学 七、教学工具:电脑课件(a courseware)包括:图片、文字、音乐及视频八、教学过程 (Teaching Procedures):教学活动1 说明Here are some motivation techniques that help you enjoy learning English more.英语中,当以there here in out up down over away off back 等表示方向的副词作状语或表语时放句首,谓语动词是be exist come go live 等表示状态的不及物动词,且主语是名词时,句子语序者常用全倒装结构。Eg
3、: The door opened and in came Mr.Smith,our headmaster.- Look! Here. .- Oh,yes,here. A. The bus comes ;it comes B.Comes the bus ,comes it B. does the bus come;does it come D.Comes the bus ;it comes 教学活动2 区别主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序:一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语(Natural Order);二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。而倒装语序中又有全部
4、倒(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)两种情况。 1. 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missil
5、e from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 教学活动3 注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 2. 倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not
6、until 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。 注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell a
7、sleep. 典型例题 1) Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permi
8、tted in the meeting-room at no time. 2) Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为,Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前,后面就不能再用否定了
9、,否则意思就变了。 3. 以否定词开头作部分倒装 如 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 典型例题 No sooner_ than it beg
10、an to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not onlybut (also), no soonerthan, hardly when scarcely when 等等。 教学活动3 注意:只有当Not only but also连接两
11、个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music. 4. so, neither, nor作部分倒装 表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I.典型例题 -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B.
12、 nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 答案:B. nor为增补意思也不关心,因此句子应倒装。A错在用 dont 再次否定, C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。 注意: 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. -Its raining hard. -So it is. 5. only在句首要倒装的情况 Only in this way, can you lear
13、n English well. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 6. as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 (形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前)。 教学活动3 注意: 1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词
14、一起放在主语之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 注意: 让步状语从句中,有though,although时,后面的主句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可连用。 7. 其他部分倒装 1) so that 句型中的so 位于句首时,需倒装。 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中: May you all be happy. 3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有we
15、re, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把 were, had, should 移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。 Were I you, I would try it again. 典型例题: 1) Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案为D. 否定词Not在句首,要求用部分倒装的句子结构。 2) Not until I began to work _ how much time
16、 I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize 答案为B。 3) Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 解析:答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构,表示也不。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句,表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句,
17、而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。 课后反思:总结这堂课的优点,我觉得我对这堂课的准备很成功,针对高考的考点制定相应的教学内容,教会学生英语中倒装句的用法区别,能够对中学生所应该注意到的问题面面俱到,并且能够形成解题规律让学生方便记忆。其次,能够做到条理清楚,学生可以根据自己的薄弱项目,结合课堂上的知识点,有针对性的进行细化复习。再次,在ppt的制作上比较精良,学生可以从ppt上看到所需要掌握知识点逐条呈现。最后我感受教学上的两个突破。一是在在陌生的环境下,不断地鼓励学生,不但增强了学生的自信心,同时营造了活跃的课堂气氛。二能够尝试创设真实的语言环境去导入语法课,让学生身临其境地感受语言的真实性,语法的重要性,而且确实成为课堂教学的主体。这堂课的不足:学生练习的机会不够充分,应该指导学生在课堂上更多的总结规律的任务交给学生,这是一个提高的过程,我只能起到补充的作用。所以在今后的教学过程中我将不断地提高自己的教学技能和应用现代化教学手段的技术,做一个新课改下综合能力强的老师。