八年级英语形容词的比较级和最高级讲+练.docx

八年级英语形容词的比较级和最高级教案一、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。二、比较级的构成：（1）规则变化：单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er Eg: calm-calmer tall-taller smart-smarter以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r Eg: nice-nicer fine-finer large-larger以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er” Eg: early-earlier happy-happier busy-busier以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er Eg: big-bigger thin-thinner hot-hotter多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more Eg: popular-more popular important-more important（2）不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：good-better bad/ill-worse many/much-morelittle-less far-farther/further old-older/elder三、比较级的用法:(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级1 表达“A和B一样”，用asas的结构。公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+B A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as+BEg I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。 He runs as fast as I. 他跑得和我一样快。2表达“A不如B”用not asas的结构。公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as+B A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as+BEg I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。 He doesnt run as fast as I. 他没有我跑得快。2 表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+BEg I am taller than you.我比你高。 He runs faster than I. 他跑得比我快。(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法1比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，意思是“更”，“得”。常见词有much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。Eg He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。 I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。 想一想，这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗？2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。Eg I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。 It is getting warmer and warmer天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster他跑得越来越快。0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful我们祖国越来越美了。4“the more， the more”表示“越，就越”，The more，the better.多多益善。The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。5“the moreof the two”表示“两个当中较。的一个” The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级1表达“是中最的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。公式a.主语+be动词+the +形容词最高级+（名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句 b.主语+实义动词+（the） +形容词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句Eg He is the tallest (student) in our class. He jumps the highest of the three boys. This is the best book that I have ever read.2表示“最的中一个”，用“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”的结构来表达。Eg He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。注意：(一) 形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不能要定冠词the.（二）常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：(一)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。 Eg He is more careful than I (me).(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较 e.g 1. Her bag is bigger than mine. 不能说 Her bag is bigger than I. 2.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.形容词比较级最高级练习题一、 写出下列单词的反义词1. hot 2.new_ 3. clean_ 4. high_ 5. heavy_ 6.cold_ 7. bad_二、 写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级1. old _ _2. busy _ _3. thin _ _4. many _ _5. slow _ _ 6. delicious _ _三、 用适当形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred.2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) asYongxian.3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before .4. Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5.- How _ (tall) is Sally? - She s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? - She s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _(short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short)girlintheclass.6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.8.He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11.Miss Chen is _ _than Mr. Wang. (popular)12. Mr. Lin _ _ _ Mr. Brown. (sad)13. The basketball _ _ _ the baseball. (big)14. Question A _ _ _ _ Question B. (important)15. A rose _ _ _ _ a weed(野草). (beautiful)16. Toronto is _ _ city in Canada. (large)17. Playing computer games is_ _ _ of all the activities.(interesting).18. The Nile(尼羅河) is _ _river in the world. (long)19. Good health is _ _ _other things . (important)20. Taking a taxi is _ _ way to get to the airport. (easy)21. Test 1 is _ _ _of all the tests. （difficult）22. He is _than any other boy in the class.（clever）23. She is_ than all the other students. (young)24. The window is _ _ of the two. (narrow)25. Where is the _bus-stop? (near)26. He is one of _ _ _Politicians. (famous)27. Tom drives much _ _than John. (careful)28. The white flower is _(beautiful). The yellow flower is _ _ (beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the _ _ of the three.29.She is much_(tall) this year.30.She is _ (slim) of the twins.31._(careful) you are,_(many) mistakes you will make.32.China is becoming _ and_.(strong).四、 选择题1. She is _ than _ . A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we2. Jane is _ than Betty. A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall3. China is _ country in the world. A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which is _ season in Beijing?-I think its autumn.A.good B.better C.best D.the best5- Which is_ , the sun, the moon or the earth?- Of course, the moon is.A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.the smallest6.The air in Beijing is getting much _ now than a few years ago.A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest8I study English as_as my brother.A.hard B. harder C. hardest9. Which is _ , a bicycle or a computer?A. expensive B.more expensive C.the most expensive10. The Yellow River is one of _rivers in China. A long B longer C the longest11.She is the second _student in our class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest12、That boy looks as_as a boxer.A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. more strong13、Then Summer Palace is_than Zhong Shan park.A. biger B. more big C. the biggest D. bigger14、Which do you like _, apples or oranges?A. good B. better C. best D. well15、-Oh, the food is bad. -I think so .And the service(服务) is _.Athe worst B. worse C. badder D. the worse