文体学分析BecauseIcouldnotstopfordeatha课件.ppt

文体学分析文体学分析BecauseIBecauseIcouldnotcouldnotstopforstopfordeathadeathaBecauseIcouldnotstopforDeathHekindlystoppedformeTheCarriageheldbutjustOurselvesAndImmortality.WeslowlydroveHeknewnohasteAndIhadputawayMylaborandmyleisuretoo,ForhisCivilityBecauseIcouldnotstopforDeathBecauseIcouldnotstopforDeathWepassedtheSchool,whereChildrenstroveAtRecessintheRingWepassedtheFieldsofGazingGrainWepassedtheSettingSunOrratherHepassedUsTheDewsdrewquiveringandchillForonlyGossamer,myGownMyTippetonlyTulleBecauseIcouldnotstopforDeathWepausedbeforeaHousethatseemedASwellingoftheGroundTheRoofwasscarcelyvisibleTheCorniceintheGroundSincethentisCenturiesandyetFeelsshorterthantheDayIfirstsurmisedtheHorsesHeadsWeretowardEternityBecauseIcouldnotstopforDeathoneofthemostfamouswomenpoetsinAmericaShebeganwritingpoetryattheageof20,butmostofherearlypoemhasbeenlost.EmilyDickinsonsinterestindeathwasremarkable,leavingmorethan500poemsonthesubjectofthedeath.Manyofherpoemswerehalfrhymes.IntroductionofthepoetEmilyDickinsononeofthemostsignificantpoemofEmilyDickinsonintermsofthesubjectofdeath,oneofEmilyDickinsonsmostfamousworks.freeandeasy,showedusEmilysmeditationaboutdeath,explorationtolifeanddesireforeternity.IntroductionofthepoemBecauseIcouldnotstopforDeathDickinson describes“Death”as a gentleman driving a carriage,who is endowed with favorable human attributes of being kind.And“Immortality”is also a passenger in the carriage.The carriage trundles along at a pretty relaxed pace.Being content with Deaths politeness&charm,the woman is distracted from her work and felt completely at ease with the gentleman.Dickinson is painting a scene of what they are riding by:the School,the Fields of Gazing Grains&the Setting Sun,which respectively symbolizes her early life,the middle stage of life&the final stage of life.With the sun going down,the dew is setting in.Not warmly wearing,she is getting chilly.She is restating that the phases of her life have passed her by.Dickinson describes grave as a House.Such description indicates that the poet is quite comfortable or at ease with the location.Though centuries have passed,the poet still feels it just happened yesterday.With reference of the Horses Heads,we readers will be reminded of the vision mentioned in the 1st stanza.AnalysisofthepoemAt the Phonological LevelAt the Phonological LevelAtthePhonologicalLevel 1th&2nd&3rd stanzas5th&6th stanzas1st&3rd lines 8 syllables2nd&4th lines 6 syllables1st&3rd lines 8 syllables2nd&4th lines 6 syllablesPoets feeling towards Death changes the mood of the poem changes4th stanzachangeHymn-like meterSlant Rhyme&PhonologicalLevelAt the Phonological LevelAt the Phonological LevelThewholepoemwithfourfeetiambicandthreefeetiambicappearsanalternatelayout,andtherhymeisnotstrict.This“notinstrict”rhyme,contrastingtothetraditionalmodeloftherhythmofpoetrycreation,reflectsDickinsonscreativerebellionandmodernity.PhonologicalLevelthirdunstressedunstressedsecondstressedEach LineThe firstsyllablefourthstressedExample:.1.2.3.4Be CAUSE|I COULD|not STOP|for DEATH,.1.2.3He KIND|ly STOPPED|for ME;PhonologicalLevelAt the Phonological LevelAt the Phonological LevelBecause I could not stop for Death He kindly stopped for me The Carriage held but just Ourselves And Immortality.PhonologicalLevele,y(the end):Off-rhymee(the beginning):alliteration el:internal rhymeAt the Phonological LevelAt the Phonological LevelTherichuseofthepoemrhymeisaboundofchanges,increasingthebeautyofthemusicalityofpoetrytoreadcatchy,addingthelanguageofpoetryappreciationvalueandgivingthereaderauniqueaesthetictemperamentandinterest.PhonologicalLevelAt the Phonological LevelAt the Phonological LevelAttheGraphologicalLevel 20 dashes(instead of a comma or a period)sense the poets complicated thoughts writhing in her brainpause the poem and leave space to think over and to go on Functionsattract the readers attention to the poets way to Eternity Were toward Eternityimply that the poem is never ending,just as eternity is never endingGraphologicalLevelCapitalized WordsDeath,He,We,Us,Ourselves,Immortality,His Civility,Setting Sun,Eternity,etc.concerning about the theme:Death&ImmortalityThey will certainly stand out&appear in front of the readers eyes repeatedly;slow the readers down a little,making us pause to consider the word rather than breezing through the poem;GraphologicalLevelAt the Phonological LevelAt the Phonological LevelAttheLexicalLevelsimple&plain wordsmore solemn&serious words.labor,leisure,School,Grain,SunImmortality,Civility,Eternitydescribe the world of livingdescribe Death&ImmortalityImmortalityEternity(1st stanza,last line)(last stanza,last line)The arrival of Death is not unpleasant;Death means EternityLexicalLevelAt the Phonological LevelAt the Phonological LevelAttheGrammaticalLevelomit the predicateOr ratherHe passed UsThe Dews drew quivering and chillFor only Gossamer,my GownMy Tippetonly TulleFor my Gown was only Gossamer my Tippet was only Tullechange the order of the Predicative and Subjectimply the arrival of the Death makes the atmosphere chilly and coldWith the coming of the Death,fear and unease befall the poet.the poets temporal existence merges with the spiritual universeGrammaticalLevelAt the Phonological LevelAt the Phonological LevelAttheSemanticLevelMetaphorAlliterationImagismPersonificationAnaphoraPersonificationHe kindly stopped for meHe slowly droveHe knew no hasteFor His CivilityDeathImmortality a gentleman with favorable characteristics:kind&polite Death is a thing not to be afraid of but to embrace.The Carriage held but just OurselvesAnd Immortality.a third passenger in the carriage Death in body walks along with Immortality in mind.Death,not the end,but as a step on the way to eternal lifeAlliteration labor&leisure Recess&Ring Gazing&Grain Setting&Sun Dews&drew Gossamer&Gown Tippet&Tulle Horse&Head We passed the School,where Children stroveAt Recessin the RingWe passed the Fields of Gazing GrainWe passed the Setting Sun depict a continuity of scenes,thereby emphasizing the notion of never-endingness.Metaphor works as a process to review dying memories&displays a lifelong journey one would experienceimplies the passage of birth,growth,maturity&deaththe carriage ride the cycle of life life is a journeythe Children young agesthe Gazing Grain productive years of ones lifethe Setting Sun the end of the day the end of lifea House a grave implies that the poet feels comfortable about the Death Anaphora the speaker is passing through everything that she has already lived through.giving the readers a sense of life going byWe passed the School,where Children stroveAt Recessin the RingWe passed the Fields of Gazing GrainWe passed the Setting Sun work to mimic the slow progression of the carriage.We readers can almost hear the echo clomping of the horse,thus feeling part of the journey instead of just being outside observers.ImagismI first surmised the Horses HeadsWere toward Eternitythe last image before her deathremind the readers of the carriage mentioned at the start of the poem It seems to turn back the time to the beginning.life is a recycling process;death is the beginning of another journey of life.the carriage ride,the School,the Fields of Gazing Grains,the Setting Sun,a Swelling of the Ground,etc.deathdeath is nothing to be feared since it is a natural part of the endless cycle of nature.death is only the beginning,because to die is to go on another journey.Although death takes one away from the earthly world,there is still something to look forward to when one dies:Eternal life.Immortality death means eternity.