中考复习考点之八种时态.doc

中考复习考点之八种时态
一：复习目标
1， 知识目标：了解和掌握初中英语学习要求掌握的八种时态；
2， 能力目标：能够运用不同的时态描述或记叙身边的事物或发生的事情；
3， 情感目标：通过时态的学习，比较英语和中文语言表达和习惯的不同，感受语言不同所体现的文化差异。

二：复习重难点
1，复习重点：感受八种时态的意义和用法；
2，复习难点：运用正确的时态描述或记叙身边的事物或事情。

三：学习过程：
I．忆
翻译下列句子
⑴ I’m busy now. I will talk to you after school this afternoon.
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⑵ Someone is knocking at the door. Can you open it?
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⑶ -Are you going anywhere?
-I thought about visiting my sister, but I have changed my mind.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
⑷ -Are you surprised at the ending of the movie?
-No, because I have read the story.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

II. 学
1，一般现在时
i．概念：经常性或习惯性的动作或行为及现在的某种状况，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
ii．时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.
iii．基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
iv．否定形式：①am/is/are+not;
②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
v．一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；
②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词
vi. 用法：
①表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作或状态；
②描述客观真理、客观存在或客观事实等；
③在时间或条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。
典例：
如果宾语从句是描述客观事实，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..

2, 一般过去时
i．概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
ii．时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long lo ng ago, once upon a time, etc.
iii．基本结构：①be动词的过去式； ②行为动词过去式
iv．否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
v．一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；
②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
vi．用法：
①在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。
　 E.g. Where did you go just now?
②表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
　 E.g. When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

3, 一般将来时
i．概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
ii．时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year …), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow, etc.
iii．基本结构：①am/is/are+ going to do； ②will/shall + do.
iv．否定形式：①am/is/are + not+going to do; ②will not /won’t +do; shall not +do 。
v．一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。
vi．用法：
①在含有时间、条件状语从句的复合句中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时来代替将来时。
E.g. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
②be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow?
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。
c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
③一些表示位置移动的词，如come, go, start, arrive, fly, leave, move, stay等。
E.g. I'm leaving tomorrow.
Are you staying here till next week?

4, 一般过去将来时
i．概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
ii．时间状语：the next day(morning, year…), the following month(week…), etc.
iii．基本结构：①was/were+going to + do；②would + do.
iv．否定形式：①was/were+not + going to do;②would + not do.
v．一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would 提到句首。
vi．用法：
过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。
E.g. I didn’t know if he would come.
= I didn’t know if he was going to come.

5，现在完成时
i．概念：现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系;或者表示动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示过去发生的动作或状态持续到现在。
ii．时间状语：recently, lately, already，since…，for…, in the past few years, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years,
iii．基本结构：have / has + done
iv．否定形式：have /has + not + done.
v．一般疑问句：have或has提前。
vi．用法：
①现在完成时和一般过去时都可表示过去发生的动作，但现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果或表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，强调的是现在的情况；而一般过去时只表示动作发生在过去，不和现在发生关系。
E.g. I have already finished my homework. (此时，我的作业已经做完了)
I finished my homework yesterday evening. (我昨晚把作业做完了)
②短暂性(终止性)动词在现在完成时中不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，要把短暂性动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词，但在否定句中短暂性东西可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
短暂性动词
延续性动词
buy
have
borrow
keep
open
be open
close
be closed
begin/start
be on
come
be here
go
be there
finish
be over
die
be dead
catch a cold
have a cold
put on
wear
get up
be up
wake up
awake
fall asleep
be asleep
lose
not have
join
be in
leave
be away
arrive/reach
be
E.g. I’ve left school for ten years. (误)
I‘ve been away from school for ten years. (正)
③比较since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始时间，后跟时间点，或从句，但时态必须是一般过去时；
for用来说明动作延续时间长度，后跟时间段。
★特别注意；两者的谓语必须是持续性动词。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in this factory since 1949.　
④since的四种用法
1) since +过去一个时间点　(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +从句　
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
⑤has / have gone to 到…地方去了，人还没回来
has /have been to 去过…地方，人已经回来
E.g. -Where is Jim?
-He has gone to Wuhan.
Jim has been to Wuhan twice.

6, 过去完成时 (中考不考，只需了解)
i．概念：表示在过去的某一个时间点或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。
ii．时间状语：before, by+过去时间, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
iii．基本结构：had + done.
iv．否定形式：had + not + done.
v．一般疑问句：had放于句首。
vi．用法
①在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句，常用过去完成时。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
②表示从过去的某一时间开始并持续到过去的另一时间的动作或状态。

7，现在进行时
i．概念：表示现阶段或说话人说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
ii．时间状语：now, at this time, at the moment, these days, etc.
iii．基本结构：am/is/are+doing
iv．否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
v．一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
vi．用法：
现在进行时与always，continually，forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。
E.g. The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.

8，过去进行时
i．概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
ii．时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
iii．基本结构：was / were +doing
iv．否定形式：was / were + not + doing.
v．一般疑问句：把was或were提前放于句首。
vi．用法：
①E.g. He was watching TV at eight O’clock last night.
②when，while 做“当……时候”讲的用法
A. 在when引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生，也可在其后发生。
E.g.：
1, I was just reading a book when she came into my room.
她走进我房间时，我正在看书。
2, Were you writing when the teacher came in?
B. while只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。
E.g.：
1, While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.
正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。   
2, You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV.
你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。

III．展 & 点
请全班同学完成下面的用所给动词正确形式填空，然后分配任务，请各小组上台讲解分给该小组的题目，然后其他小组点评。
1 He swimming in the river every day in summer. ( go )
2. It you are right. ( seem )
3. Look, the children basketball on the playground. ( play )
4. He to the radio when I came in, ( listen )
5. It is very cold .I think it . ( rain )
6. —I need some paper .
—I some for you. ( bring )
7. I can’t find my pen. Who it ? ( take )
8. He said that he back in five minutes. ( come )
9. I didn’t meet him. He when I got there. ( leave )
10. I my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )
11. He down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )
12. He is not here. He to the post office. ( go)
13. He is very hungry. He anything for three days. ( not eat )
14. I with you if I have time. ( go )
15. We will not go to the cinema if it tomorrow. (rain )
16. I will tell her the news when she to see me next week. (come)
17. -“When you the car?” ( buy )
-“In 1998 . ”
18. We good friends since we met at school. （be）
19. What you at five yesterday afternoon? (do)
20. The bike is nice. How much it ? (cost)

IV．练
一、选择最佳答案填空
（ ）1.We’ll go swimming if the weather fine tomorrow.
A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to be
（ ）2.It five years since he has left for Beijing.
A. was B. have been C. is D. is going to be
（ ）3.Please don’t leave the office until your friend back.
A. came B. comes C. have come D. will come
（ ）4.By the end of last year he about 1500 English words.
A. learns B. learned C. was learning D. had learned
（ ）5.Listen! Someone in the next room .
A. cried B. crying C. is crying D. has cried
（ ）6.You must tell him the news as soon as you him.
A. see B. sees C. will see D. is seeing
（ ）7.He told me that he to see us the next day.
A. comes B. came C. will come D. would come
（ ）8.We can’t find him anywhere . Perhaps he home.
A. is going B. went C. has come D. would come
（ ）9.The teacher told us that the sun bigger than the earth.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
（ ）10.Could you tell me where the railway station ?
A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
（ ）11.We to the Great Wall several times.
A. go B. were going C. have gone D. have been
（ ）12.It seemed that the old man for something over there.
A. looks B. looked C. was looking D. has looked
（ ）13.He was sure that he his wallet in the office.
A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left
（ ）14.You must study hard if you want to fail the exam.
A. won’t B. don’t C. haven’t D. hadn’t
（ ）15. —I’m afraid you can’t sit here .
—Sorry , I know.
A. don’t B. won’t C. can’t D. didn’t
（ ）16. As she the newspaper , Granny asleep.
A. read , was falling B. was reading fell
C. was reading , was falling D. read , fell
（ ）17. — my glasses ?
—Yes , I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen
（ ）18. —Jim is not coming tonight .
—But he !
A. promises（许诺） B. promised
C. will promise D. had promised
（ ）19. —What’s her name?
—I .
A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
（ ）20.You your turn so you’ll have to wait.
A. will miss B. have missed C. are missing D. had missed
二、动词时态能力综合测试
（ ）1.He often his clothes on Sundays.
A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash
（ ）2.I’m Chinese. Where from?
A. do you come B. you are coming C. you come D. are you coming
（ ）3.May to school.
A. never walks B. is never walking
C. walk never D. never is walking
（ ）4.We will start as soon as our teacher .
A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming
（ ）5.How long ago playing football?
A. have you stopped B. had you stopped C. did you stop D. do you stop
（ ）6.It hard when I left my house .
A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain
（ ）7.I think this question to answer.
A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D. will easy
（ ）8. Don’t talk so loudly . Your father
A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. had slept
（ ）9.How many people does the doctor know who of the disease？
A. are dying B. is dying C. has died D. dies
（ ）10.I my homework now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished
（ ）11.It ten years since his father died.
A. is B. was C. had been D. will be
（ ）12.He for three years.
A. has joined B. has been in the army C. joined D. has served the army
（ ）13.His grandfather for thirty years.
A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died
（ ）14.I from my brother for a long time.
A. not have heard B. have not heard
C. have heard not D. do not hear
（ ）15.Maths , one of the most important subjects always interested him.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
（ ）16.—Did your brother go to America last year? —
A. No, he did never go there
B. No, he has never gone here
C. No, he never was there
D. No, he’s never been there
（ ）17.He that factory since 1958.
A. has left B. has worked in
C. has gone from D. has come to
（ ）18.Since ten years ago great changes in China.
A. happened B. have been happened
C. have happened D. are taken place
（ ）19.Our teacher to Beijing three times.
A. went B. had gone C. has gone D. has been
（ ）20.It’s the third time you late this week.
A. had arrived B. arrived C. have arrived D. arrive
（ ）21. the film since I came here.
A. I’ve seen B. I will see C. I would see D. I see
（ ）22.Last week John his leg.
A. felt and broken B. fell and broke C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken
（ ）23.Jack his thick coat because it was snowing.
A. puts on B. put on C. takes on D. took on
（ ）24.He the picture on the wall.
A. hanged B. hung C. has hanged D. was hanged
（ ）25.Next month twenty five.
A. has my sister B. my sister will be
C. my sister shall have D. my sister is going to be
（ ）26.You her again in a few weeks.
A. will see B. have seen C. had seen D. have been seen
（ ）27.My parents me to be a doctor.
A. hoped B. wanted C. decided D. withes
（ ）28.It hard when we left.
A. is raining B. has rained
C. rained D. was raining
（ ）29. By the end of last term we English for two years.
A. have studied B. have been studied
C. would studied D. had studied
（ ）30.She said that she there for five years .
A. has worked B. had worked
C. was working D. worked
（ ）31.Mrs Brown in New York for three years before she went to London.
A. lived B. had lived C. has lived D. will live
（ ）32.When we arrived, the dinner .
A. already began B. has already begun
C. had already begun D. was just begun
（ ）33.I will go home for the holiday as soon as I my exams.
A. will finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished
（ ）34.When , I’ll talk to him.
A. does Peter come B. Peter will come
C. Peter comes D. can Peter come
（ ）35.My sister to see me. She’ll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
（ ）36.They said they our answer the next day.
A. had heard B. would hear of
C. would hear D. will hear
（ ）37.The old man said that light faster than sound.
A. went B. will go C. travels D. will travel
（ ）38.Oh, dear Xiao Hong. I