高三英语复习语法专题复习——定语从句.doc

高三英语复习语法专题复习定语从句/形容词性从句(The Attributive/Relative/Adjective Clause) 一个定义：在复合句中相当于一个“形容词”，起“定语”的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主句全部内容的从句。 复合句 = 主句 + 定语从句 先行词 关系词限制性定语从句（修饰限制、无逗号）；非限制性定语从句（附加说明、常有逗号隔开） 二类关系词：（共9个）关系代词（指物which、指人who/whom、既指物又指人that/whose/as）关系副词（指时间when、地点where、原因why） 三项作用：连接作用 替代作用 成分作用 四个核心考点： which/that/as常见句型：such/so/as/the sameas;as is known to all; as anybody can see; as is often the case; as is mentioned above; as is reported in the newspaper; as we had expected等。 who/whom/whosewhose+n.=the+n.+of which/whom 或of which/whom +the+n. when/where/why/the way(in which/that)注意一些抽象化的先行词：situation/point/case/condition/stage/activity/job/game/race/+where;occasion/interval/age/+when 介词+关系代词which/whom/whose+n. 介词选择“三原则”：先行词的习惯搭配；从句中动词、形容词的习惯搭配；综合考虑。 All/both/none/neither/some/any/most/half/each/many/+ of which/whom 五种成分：主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语 六种特殊情况： 先行词是不定代词all,anything,much等； 先行词被the only,the very,the last等修饰； 先行词是最高级、序数词或被它们修饰； 先行词既有人又有物； 主句中含有who,which; 先行词在主句中作表语，且在从句中也作表语。 七个易混点： 定语从句 VS 强调句型It was Nov.11,2011 when they got married.It was on Nov.11,2011 that they got married. 定语从句 VS 名词性从句（同位语从句）The fact that he told us is very surprising.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 定语从句 VS 并列句Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.Jim passed the driving test, and it/this/that surprised everybody in the office.I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but neither of them came.I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, neither of whom came.They will fly to Kunming, where(=and there)they will stay for two or three days. 定语从句 VS 状语从句She is such a good teacher as we all respect.She is such a good teacher that we all respect her. 关系代词as / which指代整个主句时用法区别 One of / the (only)one of作先行词时，从句主谓一致He is one of the boys who have passed the exam.He is the (only)one of the boys who has passed the exam. The reason / the way等作先行词时，从句引导词选择问题The way (that/which)he explained to us was quite simple.The way (that/in which)he explained the sentence to us was quite simple.I disapprove the reasons (which/that)he came up with.I disapprove the reasons why/that/for which he was absent. 八字口诀：一看（先行词），二析（从句成分），三思（特殊情况），四选（关系词）定语从句专项巩固提升训练1.(2010全国卷I,24) As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _is named after his grandfather.A. which B. Where C. What D. that2.(2010全国卷II ,16) I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault.A. who B. that C. as D. what3. (2010北京卷,27) Children who are not active or_ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that4. (2010福建卷,24) Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planets _life has developed gradually.A. that B. where C. which D. whose5. (2010湖南卷,28) Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _I meet in the English speech contest last year.A. who B. where C. when D. which6. (2010江苏卷,32) The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.A. that B. it C. what D. which7. (2010江西卷,31) The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _she would stay for an hour.A. whereB. who C. which D. what8. (2010山东卷,24) Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. what9. (2010陕西卷,11) The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose10. (2010四川卷,10) After graduating from college，I took some time off to go traveling，_ turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where11. (2010天津卷,8) Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? You should try the barbers _ I go. Its only 15.A. as B. which C. where D. that12.(2010重庆卷,28) In China, the number of cities is increasing_ development is recognized across the world.A. where B. which C. whose D. that13. (2010浙江卷,3) The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _left their village homes for a better life in the city. A. whom B. which C. them D. those14. (2010上海卷,38) Wind power is an ancient source of energy _we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 15.（2011福建,24） She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students_ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A. which B. where C. what D. who16.（2011安徽,28） Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A. when B. which C. where D. while17.（2011北京,26） Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.A. who B. which C. what D. that18. (2011天津,10) The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A. when B. that C. where D. which19. (2011江西,34) She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years. Afor which Bwith which Cof which Dto which20. (2011湖南,25) Julia was good at German, French and Russian, all of _ she spoke fluently.A. who B. whom C. which D. that21. (2011山东,32) The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.A. they B. where C. what D. that22. (2011四川,17) The school shop, _customers are mainly students, is closed f0r the holidays.A. which B. whose C. when D. where23. (2011浙江,8) English is a language shared by several diverse cultures ,each of_ uses it somewhat differently . A. which B. what C. them D. those24. (2011浙江,10) A bank is the place_ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain . A. when B. that C. where D. there 25. (2011江苏,24) Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _the audience can buy ice-cream.Awhen Bwhere Cthat Dwhich26. (2011全国I,31) The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination.A. that B. whichC. whoseD. what27. (2011全国II,7) Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, is a stupid thing to do in such weather. A. this B. that C. what D. which28. (2011陕西,11) I walked up to the top of the hill with my fiend, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. where C. who D. that29. (2011上海,39) Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station_ you can hire to reach your host family.A. which B. whereC. whenD. as30.（2011福建,33）It was April 29, 2011_Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A. thatB. whenC. sinceD. before