牛津英语第一单元讲解.doc

7B 复习讲义一
Unit1 Dream homes
词汇：dream，favourite，capital，chat, rain, busy, share, friendly, grow, call, different, own, no
短语：would like，look out，can’t wait to do sth. ,at least
语法：方位介词，基数词，序数词

重点词汇解析
1. dream
形容词：理想的，梦想中的
The beautiful garden is a dream place for children to play.
名词：梦想，梦
My dream is to become a singer when I grow up.
动词：做梦
Do you often dream?
dream of 梦想，渴望
dream to do sth。梦想做某事
dream about 梦见，设想，考虑
2. look
系动词look +形容词，如：look beautiful
不及物动词 相关短语:
look for 寻找 look at 看 look on 观看 look like 看起来像 look up 向上看，查询 look after照顾 look into朝。。。看 look back on。。。回顾。。。look forward to 。。。期盼
look around 环顾四周 look down on 瞧不起 look up and down 上下打量
look out 小心
3. busy
形容词：忙碌的
The traffic is very busy at this time every day.
Be busy with sth.忙于某事
Be busy in doing sth。 忙于做某事
名词形式：business 商业，生意，贸易
We got a lot of support from the local businesses.
4. share
及物动词：分享，合用
Good friends can share the joys and sorrows。好朋友能同甘共苦。
Share sth. with sb.
The doctors are busy with their work。
Mrs. Green is busy cooking in the kitchen.
5. call
动词：称呼
Call me Mary，please。
A dog called Eddie.
1. 方位介词（Prepositions of place）
1) 常用的方位介词（词组）
成反义词：above---below, over---under, inside---outside, in front of---behind
有关联的：above---over---on, below---under, beside---next to, at---in,
between---among
其他：opposite
2) 使用时的注意点
A. 方位介词在句子中的位置
The book is under the desk. （be动词的后面）
He is standing between the two trees.（实义动词的后面）
Do you know the man in front of the classroom?（放在名词后面修饰它）
He lives in an old house in the center of the city.（作为整句话的状语）
B. above和below，over和under
这两组反义词的前者都表示“在上方”，后者都表示“在下方”。
There are some bridges over the river. What’s under the bed? An old shoe.
The shelf is above the top bunk bed. She lives two floors below Linda.
C. above, over和on
这三个词都表示“在上面”，on是指和物体有接触，over是指在正上方，没有接触面，above也是没有接触面，正上方或斜上方，但现在可代替over，如：
The wooden house is over / above the river. The bag is on the table.
There is a plane flying above our heads.
D. at和in
这两个词常用在arrive后面，at后加小地点，in后加大地点，如：
He arrived at the airport at 4 p.m. We will arrive in Beijing tomorrow morning.
E. between和among
between是指在两者之间，常用词组between…and…，而among是在三者或三者以上之间，如：
I sit between Lily and Lucy.
Mr. Li likes staying among his students.（注：英语中的复数名词，没有特别指出是两个，都默认为三者或三者以上）
F. opposite：在对面 如：Our school is opposite a park.

2. 基数词（Cardinal numbers）
表示数目的数词是基数词。
1) 基数词的构成
A. 两位数：十位数与个位数之间加连字符。如：23 twenty-three
B. 三位数：百位数与最后两位数加and（美语省略and）。
如：201 two hundred and one 642 six hundred and forty-two
C. 四位数：thousand之后加逗号，后面依照以上原则。
如：1,351 one thousand, three hundred and fifty-one
D. 表示万以上的数目，将数字由右向左每三位加一个逗号，使一个数字分成几个小节，称为thousand节，million节等，然后按节处理，如：
68,343 sixty-eight thousand, three hundred and forty-three
13, 526, 300 thirteen million, five hundred twenty-six thousand, three hundred
▲英语中没有直接的单词来表示“万”和“亿”，如：
一万 10,000 ten thousand 两万 20,000 twenty thousand
十万 100,000 one hundred thousand 三十万 300,000 three hundred thousand
一千万 10,000,000 ten million 两千万 20,000,000 twenty million
一亿 100,000,000 one hundred million
▲表示十亿，美国用one billion，英国用one thousand million
2)基数词的运用
A. 表示确切数目时，hundred，thousand和million只能用单数，不能变复数；但表示不确定的数目时，要用复数形式。如：
five hundred 五百 three thousand 三千 hundreds of 成百上千的 thousands of 成千上万的 millions of 数百万的
B. 表示时间：7:30 seven thirty
C. 表示年代：in the 1980s（读作nineteen eighties）在二十世纪八十年代
2005（读作two thousand and five）
D. 表示不确定的年龄：in his twenties 在他二十几岁时

3. 序数词（Ordinal numbers）
表示人或物的顺序的数词是序数词。
1) 序数词的构成
一二三，特殊记， （first，second，third）
加th从四起； (从四开始所有的序数词都是以th结尾的。)
八少t，九少e； (eight去t加th变成eighth，nine去e加上th变成 ninth)
逢五与十二，f替ve ； (five，twelve中ve变为f再加th，就成为fifth，twelfth)
二十到九十，y变ie； （20~90等十位整数的基数词都是以y结尾的，
变成序数词时要变y为ie,再加th。例如：twentieth，thirtieth等。）
若是几十几，前基后序要牢记。（这些词的序数词写法是：十位数保持基数词不变，个位数改成序数词，如：twenty-first, ninety-fifth.）
▲百位数的序数词：百位数用基数词＋后面十位数或个位数的序数词，如：
第二百二十 two hundred and twentieth 第二百零三 two hundred and third
▲序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成，如：
two hundred and twentieth --- 220th two hundred and third --- 203rd
▲第九 ninth 十九 nineteen 第十九 nineteenth
九十 ninety 第九十 ninetieth
第四 fourth 十四 fourteen 第十四 fourteenth
四十 forty 第四十 fortieth
2）序数词的用法
A. 表示日期，如：March 18th, 1978 或 18th March, 1978
B. 表示编号或顺序，如：the sixth lesson = Lesson Six
C. 前面一般加定冠词the，如：He is the first student to get to the school every day.
▲ 如果序数词前面有形容词性物主代词，可以不加the，如：
It was his fifth bowl of rice for lunch.
D. 有时还可以作副词用，如：I finished the homework first in my class today.

牛津初中英语7B Unit1知识点归纳
重点短语
1.live in a palace 住在宫殿里
2.next to / beside a restaurant 在饭馆隔壁
3.the biggest one 最大的一个
4.would like to do sth = want to do sth 想要做某事
5. the capital of France? 法国的首都 French 法语 Frenchman 法国人-Frenchmen(复数)
Germany 德国－German德国人－Germans (复数)
6.look out at the beach and the sea 看外面的海滩和海 look out of the window 朝窗外看
7.see the sea and the beach from the bedroom windows 从卧室窗户看大海和海滩
8.on the beach / balcony 在海滩上/阳台上 love to sit on the floor 喜欢坐在地板上
9.live with my family in a wooden house 和我的家人住在一个木头的房子里
wooden (adj)木头的、木制的-----wood (n)不可数 木头
10.live in a small town 住在一个小城镇里
11.over a river 在河面上 over表示垂直的上方 above 表示水平的上方
12.the second child of my family 家中的第二个孩子
13.be beautiful and quiet 美丽又安静 quiet （adj）安静的---quite （adv）很、十分
14.It rains a lot 天经常下雨 = There is much rain
15.in a small town near London 在伦敦附近的小镇里
16.in the centre of Moscow 在莫斯科中心
17.on the fifth of June = on June 5th = on 5th ，June 在6月5日
18.in a flat 在公寓里 on a busy street 在繁忙的街道上
19.share sth with sb 与某人分享/合用某物
20.be busy with sth = be busy doing sth 忙于（做）某事
21.be friendly / nice / kind to sb 对某人友好
22.sleep in the garden 睡在花园里
23.the best place to grow flowers 种花的最好地方
24.cook meals = make dinner = do some cooking 做 / 烧饭
25.in most homes 在大多数家庭 tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关某事
26.on the ninth floor 在第9层 ( On which floor does he live? )
27.chat with friends on the balcony 和朋友在阳台上聊天
28.on a quiet street 在一条安静的街道上
29.sit between you and me 坐在我和你之间 on / over the phone = by phone 通过电话
30.two hundred students 200名学生
hundreds of students 数百名学生
Two hundred of the students are from America 学生中有200名来自美国
31.arrive on Sunday 在星期天到达 ( arrive at / on; reach; get to)
32.can't wait to do sth 迫不及待的做某事 (can't help doing 情不自禁做某事)
33.have a free day 休息/休假一天 ( have three days off 放三天假)
34.be tired after the long plane journey from London to Beijing (tired不要误写成tried)
从伦敦到北京的长途飞机旅行后劳累了
35.Don't worry 别担心 worry about sb/sth 为……而担心 be worried about... (形容词)
36.sound great ／good 听起来很棒 (sound, feel, look, taste等为连系动词，后接形容词)
e first = win the first prize (in an English exam)得第一名
38.make a video of 拍……的录像 watch the video 看录像
39.be different from …… 与……不同 be the same as …… 与……相同
There are many differences between the USA and the UK （difference 可数名词 区别）
=The USA is different from the UK （different adj 不同的 ）
40.your own bedroom 你自己的卧室 owner （n）主人 own （adj）自己的
41.call sb （up）打电话给某人 call sb back 给某人回电话 answer the telephone接电话
42.homes in different countries 不同国家的家 be free = have time 有空
43. take a message for sb 为某人捎个可信
44.at least 至少 at most 至多 at last 最后，终于 at the same time 同时
45.fifty metres long 50米长 an 800-metre-long river
46.have a room with twelve showers and four baths 有一间有12个淋浴器和4个浴缸的房间
47.have / take a shower 淋浴 have/take a bath 洗澡
48.on the bedside table 在床头柜上 coffee table 矮茶几
49.live two floors above / below sb 住在某人上面/下面两层
50.the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Palace 颐和园
51.the Space Museum 太空博物馆 the Palace Museum 故宫
重点句子
1.Would you like to live in a palace ? 你想住在宫殿里吗?
2.The capital of France is Paris 法国的首都是巴黎
3.My favourite place is the balcony 我最喜欢的地方是阳台
4.We love to sit on the floor and look out at the beach and sea
我们喜欢坐在地板上看外面的海滩和大海
5.My house is over a river 我家房子在河上
There is a bridge over the river 河上有座桥
6.I climb a ladder to get into my house 我爬梯子进入我的房间
=I get into my house with a ladder = I use a ladder to get into my house
7.I am the second child of my family 我是家中第二个孩子
8.My family and I often sit in the kitchen while my mother makes dinner
当妈妈做饭时,我和家人坐在厨房里
9.I have a dog .Its birthday is on the fifth of June 我有一只狗它的生日在6月5日
10.I live with my family in a flat on a busy street 我和家人一起住在一条繁忙街道的一间公寓里 =My family and I live in a flat on a busy street
11.I share a bedroom with my sister 我和姐姐共享一个卧室
=My sister and I share a bedroom = My sister and I live in the same bedroom
12.Our neighbours are friendly /kind / nice to us 我们的邻居对我们很友好
13.The garden is the best place to grow flowers 花园是种花的最好地方
14.In most homes , people cook meals in the kitchen 在大部分家庭,人们在厨房烧饭
15.The window is opposite the door 窗户在门的对过
16.I am arriving in Shanghai on Sunday 我将在周六到达上海
=I will arrive in Shanghai on Sunday = I will get to Shanghai on Sunday
=I will reach Shanghai on Sunday
arrive in + 大地点 arrive at + 小地点 当后接地点副词here,there ,home时要省略介词
get home 到家(也要省略介词to) 当后无到达地点时,只用arrive 而不用reach或get
When will they arrive tomorrow ? 他们明天什么时候到达?
17.I can't wait to visit the Space Museum 我迫不及待参观太空博物馆
18.I think you would be tired after the long plane journey from London to Beijing
我认为你从伦敦到北京的长途飞机旅行后应该劳累了
19.I 'd like to take you to the Great Wall on Tuesday , the nineteenth of February
我想在2月19日星期二,带你去长城
20.Your house is really different from the flats in Beijing 你的房子真的不同于北京公寓
21.I would like my own bedroom 我想有一间我自己的卧室
22.I 'll call you when I am free 当我有空时,我将打电话给你
23.What kind of home do you live in ? 你住在什么样的家里?
24.There are no other rooms on the second floor 三楼没有其他的房间了
other 和some,any,many,no等限定词连用时,常放在它们的后面
Ask some other students 问问别的同学们吧
25.Many friends can stay with me at the same time 许多朋友可以和我同时呆在一起
26.I have a room with (= which has )twelve showers and four baths
我有一间有12个淋浴器和4个浴缸的房间
27.May I speak to Daniel,please ? 我可以和Daniel通话吗?
This is Daniel (speaking),.Who's calling,please? 我就是,你是谁?
This is Simon 我是Simon
28.It's + adj + (for sb) + to do sth 做某事对某人来说是……的
It's nice to sit in it and watch TV 坐在里面看电视是很好的
29.It's my first time to come to Beijing 这是我第一次来北京
序数词前一般要用定冠词,但是当序数词前有my,his her等形容词性物主代词或this,that等指示代词,则不用再加the.
单元练习
一. 单项选择。10’
1. I have a new computer in my___________.
A. kitchen B. bathroom C. bedroom D. balcony
2. Where are Kate’s clothes? They are in the____________.
A. cupboard B. wardrobe C. bed D. sofa
3. How many days are there in the second month in 2005? There are__________.
A. twenty-eight B. twenty-nine C. thirty D. thirty-one
4. We read 10206 like this:_____________
A. one thousand, two hundred and six B. one thousand two hundreds and six
C. ten thousand, two hundred and six D. ten thousands, two hundreds and six
5. ---- Kate, can you get _________ chalk for Miss Zhang?
----Certainly.
A. a B. the C. some D. any
6. When the Spring Festival comes, children can’t _________ get red packets from their parents and grandparents.
A. wait for B. wait to C. look for D. look out
7. The students will visit ________ Summer Palace _______ Tuesday afternoon.
A. / , on B. / , in C. the, on D. the , in
8. It __________ great to watch Royal Madrid on TV tonight.
A. listens B. hears C. sounds D. listens to
9.Houses in Britain are quite different _________ houses in China.
A. to B. from C. with D. between
10. Lin Tao and I live in the same building. But he lives two floors ______ me.
A. on B. over C. under D. above
二.词汇部分。15’
A.根据句意及所给提示,用适当的词完成句子。10’.
2. Washington DC is the c________ city of the USA.
3. We have meals in the d_________ room.
4. That kind boy often s_________ his toys with the other children.
5. It is interesting to _______/ klaim / the mountain in winter.
6. Stephen’s bunk bed is___________(木制的).
7. What’s on the___________(架子)? There are a lot of books on them.
8. How much does the air conditioner cost? About seven__________(千) yuan.
9. The English visitors say people in Nanjing are very __________( friend ).
10. Would you like____________( grow ) vegetables in the garden? Yes, I would.
11. The _________( twelve ) lesson is Kitty’s favourite in Book 2.
B.选择所给词组完成句子。5’
making dinner, am afraid, in front of, have a free day,
at least, in the center of, over a river, at the same time
1. Mother is busy____________ in the kitchen. Let’s help her.
2. There is a big tree ___________ my grandpa’s house. It’s cool there.
3. I ___________ we don’t have a green sweater in your size. Would you like to take a yellow one?
4. Children _______________on June 1st. They always have fun.
5. Millie an I often get to school _______________ .
三. 句型部分: 20’
A.根据要求进行句型转换。10’
1. Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing. (根据划线部分提问)
__________________ Eddie ________________?
2. Stephen likes to chat with his friends on the Internet. （改为否定句）
Stephen ________________________ with his friends on the Internet.
3. There are some new books in the library. （改为一般疑问句）
_______________________ in the library?
4. Our school is in the center of the city. （改为同义句）
Our school is in the_________of the city.
5．It rains a lot in Thailand.
There ____________________ in Thailand.
B.将下列句子翻译成英语。10’
6. 米莉的家在一条繁华的街道上。
Millie’s home is _____________________.
7. 那个年轻人将给你捎来口信。
The young man _______________________ for you.
8. 我们还能在别的地方买到这种台灯？
Where _______ can we buy__________________?
9．请问我能和王先生通话吗？
_________________________________, please?
10．下个月我将去和我姑姑住一阵子。
I’ll ______________________ for some days next month.
四．完型填空。 10’
Fox is an eight-year-old boy. He is a good boy. He does 1_____ in all his lessons. He 2_____ school and he is always active in class. Every time the teacher asks a question, Fox always 3_____ his hand quickly. Sometimes his answer is 4_____, but the teacher always smiles (微笑) and says, "Good, Fox. But 5____ a better answer to my question?"
One day, the teacher asks the boys and girls a question. "Swallows(燕子) fly to the south before winter 6_____,"he says. "But why don't cats and dogs do7_____?"
Fox lifts (举) his 8_____ as usual.
"Yes, Fox?" says the teacher 9______.
Fox stands (站) up and says, "10______ they have no wings (翅膀)."
( ) 1. A. good B. hard C. well D. bad
( ) 2. A. loves B. likes a C. goes to a D. enjoys
( ) 3. A. gets up B. puts on C. gets on D. puts up
( ) 4. A. right B. wrong C. ea