新课标八年级英语知识点.doc

八年级英语（仁爱版）上册语言点归纳(Unit2)Keeping healthyTopic 1 How are you feeling today?一、重点短语1. have a cold/a toothache /a fever/a cough/a backache/a stomachache/a sore throat /the flu /sore eyes 感冒/牙疼/发烧/咳嗽/背疼胃疼/咽喉发炎/流感/眼疼2. take a rest=have a rest 休息3. not read for too long 不要看书太久4. boiled water 开水5. stay in bed 卧病在床，躺在床上6. have a good sleep 好好睡一觉7. feel terrible 感觉难受8. day and night 日日夜夜9. Youd better=You had better 你最好-10. not so well 很不好11. not too bad 没什么大碍12. much better 好多了13. go to see a doctor 去看病14. take /have some medicine 吃药15. take-to- 把-带到-16. send-to- 把-送到-17. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶18. lie down 躺下19. look after=take care of 照看，照顾20. brush teeth 刷牙21. have an accident 发生一次意外/事故22. dont worry 别担心23. worry about 担心-24. nothing serious 没什么严重，没什么大碍25. check over 诊断，仔细检查26. thank youfor- 因-而感谢你27. buy-for- 为-买-28. not-until- 直到-才-29. ice cream 冰淇淋30. both-and- -和-都是-31. take some cold pills 吃感冒药32. plenty of 许多，大量二、重点句型1. Whats wrong with you/him/her?你/他/她怎么了？同一句：Whats the matter with-?Whats the trouble with-?2.You should see a dentist.你应该去看牙医。这是一种表达建议的句子。还可以用以下句式： youd better(not)-how /what about-why not/dont you -3.Im sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很难过。这是表示同情别人的句子。4.You look pale.你看起来很苍白。（1）在英语中表示气色不好，苍白，不用whit，而用pale （2）“look ”在这里译作“看起来”，作连系动词，后接形容词。如：You look beautiful。你看起来很漂亮。与look用法相同的连系动词还有 tast ，sound ，smell ，feel 。如：The soup tastes very delicious .这汤尝起来真香。Your voice sound nice.你的声音听起来很动人。The flowers smell sweet .这些花闻起来很香。The silk feels smooth 丝绸摸起来很光滑。5.-Shall I take youto the hospital?我送你去医院吧？-No,thank you.不用，谢谢。Shall I do-需要我做-吗？take sb to-把某人送到某地6. Ill take some medicine and see how it goes. 我打算先吃药看看情况再说。“goes”在这里指事情的进展。“it ”用来代指病情。如：How is everything going?一切进展如何？Everything is going well.一切进展顺利。7.Youd better drink hot tea with honey.你最好喝加蜂蜜的热茶。tea with honey 加了蜂蜜的茶，with表示一种伴随状态。类似的表达还有：some coffee with sugar and milk加了牛奶和糖的咖啡some tea without sugar不加糖的茶8.Michael had an accident yesterday.昨天迈克发生了事故。had an accident发生了事故9.But my left leg still hurts when I move it.可是当我挪动脚时，还是有点儿疼。句中“hurt”译为“疼痛”，作不及物动词。后不可接宾语。如：my head hurts.10.Your X-rays show its nothing serious.你的X光照片显示没什么严重的问题。nothing serious 没什么严重的。nothing ，something ，anything等不定代词，被形容词修饰时，形容词位于其后。如：I have something important to say.我有一些重要的事情要说。11.Stay in bed and dont move your leg too much.躺在床上，不要总是挪动你的腿。12.Michaels friends bought some chocolate for him .迈克的朋友给他买饿一些巧克力。buy sth for sb.双宾语的运用。使用双宾语时，在人宾前需要使用介词，有时用“to”有时用“for ”，这与动词本身有关，表示动词的方向，多用“to”，表示动词的目的，多用“ for ”give sth to sb. pass sth to sb.bring sth to sb. take sth to sb.cook sth for sb. buy sth for to sb .13.-but I couldnt read them until today.但是直到今天我才读了它们。not -until直到-才-until 在肯定句动词一般用延续性动词，在否定句中动词一般为短暂性动词。如：He will wait for his father until ten oclock.他将等他父亲一直到10点钟。He wont leave until his father comes.他直到他父亲回来才离开。三、语法学习1、 had better 的形式和用法1） 固定短语had better具有情态意义，也可以看作情态动词。译为“最好”，它只有一种形式，没有人称和数的变化，后常跟动词原形，是给人提出建议的一种方式。如： You had better go to see the doctor你最好去看医生。Youd better eat a lot of fruit and drink plenty of water.你最好多吃水果，多喝水。2）Had better的否定结构为 had better not。如：Youd better not eat hot food你最好别吃辛辣的食物。Youd better not work today.你今天最好别工作。2、 shall的用法1） 作助动词时，英式英语中表示将来，可与第一人称连用，但在口语中所有人称都用will。如：this time next week Ishall/will be in New York.下周这个时候我就在纽约了。拄：美语则不管什么人称，一律用will。2）作情态动词时表征询意见，用于第一人称的疑问句中。如：Shall Itake you to the hospital?要不要我带你去医院？What shall we do this weekend?这个周末我们要作什么呢？Topic 2 I must ask him to give upsmoking一、重点短语1. stay up late熬夜2. be bad for对-有害3. be good for对-有益4. too much太多，过分5. do morning exercises做早操6. keep long fingernails长长指甲7. play sports right进行适当的体育锻炼8. go to school without breakfast不吃早餐去上学9. have a bath洗澡10. take a fresh breath呼吸新鲜空气11. read -about-读关于-12. Renai English Post仁爱英语报13. ask sb to do叫某人做某事14. give up放弃15. read in the sun在太阳底下看书16. throw litter about乱扔垃圾17. on the lawn在草坪上18. put-into-把-放进-19. exercise on an empty stomach空腹锻炼20. get into进入21. keep the air clean and fresh保持空气清新22. wash hands before meals饭前洗手23. potato chips炸薯条二、重点句型1. Staying up late is bad for your health.熬夜有害健康。1） stay up late熬夜2） be bad for对-有害。类似的短语还有： be good for-对-有好处3） staying up late is-动名词作主语。当我们需要一个动词充当主语时，常用此动词的动名词（即doing）形式。如：Playing basketball is good for your heath.打篮球对你的身体有好处。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.躺在床上看书对眼睛有害。Swimming is my hobby.游泳是我的爱好。2. It will keep you active during the day.它会使你在白天保持活力。keep sth/sb .+adj.保持某物/某人在某种状态。如：keep your fingersails clean.保持你的指甲干净。keep our streets clean.让街道保持干净。3. Different foods help us in different ways不同的食物对我们有不同的作用. in different ways.译为“用不同的方式”。4. If we eat too littele or too much food-如果我们吃太少或太多食物-little 少得几乎没有，表否定，修饰不可数名词。a little有一些，表示肯定，修饰不可数名词。与 little ，a little类似的用法的还有 few， a few 。few少得几乎没有，表否定，修饰可数名词。 a few有一些，表示肯定，修饰可数名词。5. Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health. 散步是很好的锻炼，它是身体健康必不可少的。be necessary for-对-来说是必不可少的 如：Sunshine is necessary for our life.阳光对于我们的生活来说是必不可少的。Food is necessary for life.食物是生命所必需的。三、语法学习1） 情态动词must及其否定形式 must not must 译为“必须做-”其否定意义“不必做-”，用dont have to 表示，而不用must not 。如：must Ifinish it tonight?No, you dont have to.而must not 译作“禁止做-”。如：You must not throw litter about.Dont throw litter about.别到处乱扔垃圾。2） 情态动词maymay有两种含义，表示请求允许，译作“可以”。如：May I come in ?我可以进来吗？表示推测，译作“可能”。如：You may get a headache when you work too hard.当你工作太累时你可能回感到头疼。You may get a headache when you cant get enough sleep. 当你睡眠不足时，你可能会头疼。enough sleep 充足的睡眠。enough 修饰名词时放在前后均可；当它修饰形容词时，一般放在形容词后面。如：strong enough足够强壮Topic 3what should we do to fight SARS?一、 重点短语1. hurry up快点，赶快2. go ahead（尤指经某人允许）开始，干下去，走在前面，领先3. do more exercise多锻炼4. do some cleaning做扫除5. all the time一直6. have to不得不，必须7. keep away远离-8. just a moment稍等一会儿9. get through拨通（电话）；通过10. take care of照顾11. care for照顾（病人）；照料；喜欢12. talk with和-交谈13. enjoy oneself过得愉快14. Chinese medicine中药15. since then从那时起16. get lost丢失了，迷路17. on ones way to-在某人去-的路上18. by mistake错误地19. ask for leave请假20. healthy food健康食物21. crowded places拥挤的地方22. do ones best尽力23. change clothes often常换衣服24. wash hands often常洗手25. ring-up打电话给-26. leave a message 留口信27. take a message带口信28. call-back给-回电话29. take an active part in积极参加30. the name of- -的名称31. what do you think of- ？ 你认为-怎么样？32. have a good time=enjoy oneself过得愉快33. next time下次34. let -out让-出去35. teach oneself on the Internet网上自学36. be afraid of害怕-，恐惧-二、 重点句型1. Sure,go ahead.当然可以，请问吧！ahead 意思是向前，这里的go ahead原意为向前走，在这里译作继续问问题，相当于go on2. Please tell my father to take care of himself 请告诉我爸爸照顾好自己。take care of 照顾，照料。同义词：look aftertell sb to do sth ask sb to do sth want sb to do sth get sb to do sth 表示让某人去做某时事3. can I take a message?我能为您梢个口信吗？take a message 梢口信leave a message 留口信give a message to -给某人一个口信4. Ill tell her when she comes back.她一回来我就告诉她。本句是由when引导的时间状语从句。当主句的动词用一般将来时时，从句一般用现在时。如：Hell phoneme when he arrives in Beijing .当他到北京时，他将回给我打电话。5. -,he took an active part in the battle against it.他积极投身于抗击“非典”的战斗中。against 与-相对抗take part in-参加-；加入到某种活动中take an active part in-积极参加，如：You should take an active part in the sports meet in your school.你应该积极参加你们学校的运动会。6. He cared for the patients.他日夜关心着病人。care for sb- 关心某人7. Its my duty to save the patients. 救治病人是我的职责。its-to do- 做某事是-在此句式中，“to do - ”是真正的主语，而“it ”是形式主语，类似的句式有：Its dangerous to climb the tree.怕树很危险。8. Long time no see. 好久没见！这是一句常用口语，在久别重逢的朋友之间，还可以说“Havent seen you for a long time！”。9. I tought myself on the Internet. 我在网上自学。1） on the Internet 在网络上。介词on用来表示在网上、电视上、收音机里、电话里。如：2） on the phone， on the radio，on tv3） teach oneself自学，近义词组为： learn by oneself10. How often does Mr Brown exercise? 布朗先生多长时间锻炼一次？how often对频率提问，回答用 once/twice/three times-a day/a week/- ；exercise在这里为动词，意思是“锻炼，运动”。三、 语法学习1.反身代词的形式单数 复数myself ourselvesyourself yourselveshimselfherself themselvesitself2、反身代词的用法1）“by+反身代词”表示“单独地，独自一人地”。如：The boy couldnt make the model plane by himself那个男孩不能独自制作飞机模型。2）反身代词常与一些动词连用。如：“teach+反身代词”表示“自学”；“ hurt+反身代词”表示“伤到自己”。如：Jane teaches herself English.简自学英语。Lily fell down and hurt herself yesterday. 昨天莉莉自己摔伤了。注：反身代词与个别动词搭配使用，意思发生变化。如：“help +反身代词+to-”表示“随便吃-”；“ enjoy+反身代词”表示“-玩得开心”。Help yourself to some strawberries,please.请随便吃些草莓。They enjoyed themselves at the party last night.昨晚在晚会上他们玩得很开心。3）反身代词作名词或代词的同位语时，起加强语气的作用，可译为“亲自，本人”。如：You d better ask your teacher about it yourself.你最好亲自去问你的老师提问者评价谢谢了昂 , 找了好久 ， 第1页/共12页 下一页 文本预览： 八年级英语上册 复习要点 Unit 1 Sports and Games 2015年八年级（上）Topic 1 Im going to play basketball 一.重点词语: 1. almost(反义词)never 2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner3.ski(现在分词)skiing 4.famous(比较级)more famous5.arrive(同义词)reach 6.leave(过去式)left7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health(一)词组1、.during the summer holidays 在暑假期间2、.betweenand 在两者之间 3、 cheer sb. on 为某人加油4、prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 5、quite a bit/a lot 很多6、plan to do sth.计划做某事 7、have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部8、go skating/skiing/cycling/climbing/hiking去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足9、arrive in/at 到达 10、play against与对抗/较量11、for long 很久 12leave for 动身去： They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrowgo, come,leave, fly ,start等表示位置移动的词可用现在进行时表将来13、the day after tomorrow 后天 14、Chinas national team 中国国家队15、 play baseball 打棒球 16、at least 至少、at most 至多17、What a shame! 多羞愧！ 18、be good at 善于做某事/或do well inHe is good at cycling= He is good at cycling19、take part in/join in/be in 参加某个活动 区别join sb 加入某人行列 、join sth.加入某个组织 LiMing took part in/ joined in/ was in running last year李明去年参加跑步He is going to join us in football match 他将加入我们的足球比赛His brother joined the army last year.他哥哥去年参军了。23、keep fit/healthy 保持健康 24、relax oneself 放松某人自己 二.重点句型 1Whats your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜爱的运动是什么? 2Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜欢什么运动? I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜欢滑雪. 3 Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑雪吗? 4She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小时在体育馆. 5She plays baseball pretty 她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳. 6What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜欢哪种运动? 7Would you like to come and cheer us on ? 你愿意来为我们加油吗？ 8What are you going to be when you grow up? 当你长大后做什么？ 9There is going to be a school sports meet next month.下月有一场运动会。 重点语言点 1.see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day; often等连用. see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行. 如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. Unit1 Topic2一语法精讲Would you mind？ 1. Would/Do you mind ？你介意吗？/请你好吗？ Would/Do you mind +doing？用来客气地提出请求 Would/Do you mind not doing你不做行吗？ Would/Do you mind+if +从句？如果你介意吗？ Would/Do you mind giving me a glass of water? 请你给我一杯水好吗？ Would/Do you mind not smoking? 你别抽烟好吗？ Do you mind if I smoke? 你意我抽烟吗？ 2.回答带有mind的问句时要注意yes或no都是针对mind（介意，在乎）选用的。表示“介意，在乎”时，用yes，后面跟句子，意识是“不让对方做某事”；表示“不介意，不在乎”时选用no，后面跟句子，意思是“允许对方做某事” Would/Do you mind helping me with the heavy box？你介意帮我搬这个重箱子吗? No，not at all/Certainly not/Of course not.不介意，当然可以。 或者 Im sorry,but 对不起，但是 3.动名词前还可以加一个逻辑主语，一般用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。 Would/Do you mind my smoking here?你介意我在这里抽烟吗