选修6unit5语法市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖PPT课件.pptx

Unit5ThepowerofnatureGrammar现在分词作状语现在分词作状语高二人教新课标版选修六高二人教新课标版选修六1/28一一.功效功效 现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常惯用来表示动关系。现在分词作状语，常惯用来表示原因原因、时间时间、方式方式、结果结果、条件条件、伴随情况伴随情况等。等。1.作时间状语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。，相当于一个时间状语从句。Walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.=When I was walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.2/282.作原因状语作原因状语 相当于一个原因状语从句，同时也能够转化相当于一个原因状语从句，同时也能够转化为一个原因状语从句。为一个原因状语从句。NotknowingEnglish,hecouldntunderstandthefilm.3.3.作伴随作伴随/方式方式 状语，表示一个次要动作。状语，表示一个次要动作。He sat there reading a book.Laughing and talking,the students went to school.He came running.(方式）方式）3/284.4.作结果状语作结果状语 表示必定结果，通常放在主句后面中间用逗表示必定结果，通常放在主句后面中间用逗号隔开，有时为了突出结果，分词前加号隔开，有时为了突出结果，分词前加thusthus。Her husband died,leaving her four children.5.5.作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句Having tried many timesHaving tried many times,he still couldnt succeed.,he still couldnt succeed.尽管尝试了屡次，但他仍未成功。尽管尝试了屡次，但他仍未成功。Working very hardWorking very hard,he didnt feel a bit tired.,he didnt feel a bit tired.尽管拼命地工作，他却丝毫不感到疲劳。尽管拼命地工作，他却丝毫不感到疲劳。4/286.6.作条件状语，作条件状语，表示一个假设情况，相当于一个表示一个假设情况，相当于一个条件状语从句。条件状语从句。Using your head,you will find a way.(=If you use your head,you will find a way.)7.7.作评论性状语（悬垂结构）作评论性状语（悬垂结构）作为句子独立成份来修饰全句，表明说话者态度，作为句子独立成份来修饰全句，表明说话者态度，观点等。观点等。generally speaking 普通说来普通说来strictly speaking 严格地说严格地说frankly speaking 坦率地说坦率地说5/28语态语态时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态普通式完成式完成式(not)doing(not)doing(not)being done(not)being done(not)(not)having donehaving done(not)(not)having been donehaving been done二、现在分词各种形式二、现在分词各种形式6/281.分词分词(短语短语)作状语时作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。假如不一致主语一致。假如不一致,必须用独立主格结构来必须用独立主格结构来表示表示,也就是在分词前面加上它逻辑主语。也就是在分词前面加上它逻辑主语。Finding her car stolen,she hurried to a policeman for help.The train having gone,we had to wait another day.分析分析:前一例中前一例中,-ing形式逻辑主语为主句主语。形式逻辑主语为主句主语。后一例中后一例中having gone逻辑主语是逻辑主语是 the train。三、使用三、使用-ing形式作状语需注意几个问题形式作状语需注意几个问题7/28判断正误判断正误Opening the windowOpening the window,a butterfly flew into my study.,a butterfly flew into my study.Opening the windowOpening the window,I saw a butterfly flying into,I saw a butterfly flying into my study.my study.Standing on top of the towerStanding on top of the tower,the whole city comes,the whole city comes into our view.into our view.Standing on top of the towerStanding on top of the tower,we can get a view of,we can get a view of the whole city.the whole city.正正误误误误正正8/28普通来说普通来说,-ing,-ing形式表示主动、进行形式表示主动、进行;过去分词表过去分词表示被动、完成。试比较示被动、完成。试比较:Theenemyfledinapanic,leavingbehindalotofTheenemyfledinapanic,leavingbehindalotofdeadbodiesandweapons.deadbodiesandweapons.Defeatedandfrightened,theenemyfledinapanic.Defeatedandfrightened,theenemyfledinapanic.2.2.现在分词与过去分词作状语区分现在分词与过去分词作状语区分 分析分析:前一例中前一例中-ing-ing形式短语在句子中作伴随状语形式短语在句子中作伴随状语,它与其逻辑主语它与其逻辑主语theenemytheenemy之间为主动关系之间为主动关系;后一句中后一句中过去分词过去分词defeateddefeated和和frightenedfrightened表原因表原因,它与其逻辑主语它与其逻辑主语theenemytheenemy之间为被动关系。之间为被动关系。9/283.3.分词短语做状语时分词短语做状语时,前面能够加上连词或介词前面能够加上连词或介词,不过分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词不过分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如如but,but,and),and),因为并列连词接是两个并列成份因为并列连词接是两个并列成份,而分词而分词短语只是全句一个状语部分短语只是全句一个状语部分,分词和主句之间可分词和主句之间可用逗号。用逗号。Eg.Eg.正：正：When seeing from the top of the hill,you can enjoy the whole beauty of this city.误误:Having been told many times,but he still couldnt understand it.10/284.-ing分词普通式和完成式分词普通式和完成式 普通情况下，普通情况下，-ing-ing分词普通式动作表示和分词普通式动作表示和后面句子动作是同时进行动作；完成式动作后面句子动作是同时进行动作；完成式动作是先于后面句子动作发生。是先于后面句子动作发生。如：如：Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.11/28注意：注意：在实际利用中，在实际利用中，很多时候很多时候-ing-ing普通式和普通式和完成式现在分词都能够表示先后接连发生动作。完成式现在分词都能够表示先后接连发生动作。但假如但假如-ing-ing动作和主句谓语动词之间存在显著动作和主句谓语动词之间存在显著时间上先后关系，而且句意强调完成，为避时间上先后关系，而且句意强调完成，为避免引发误解，必须用完成式表示先发生动作。免引发误解，必须用完成式表示先发生动作。如如:Having brushed his teethHaving brushed his teeth,Mr.Brown came downstairs,Mr.Brown came downstairs for breakfast.for breakfast.布朗先生刷过牙布朗先生刷过牙,就下楼来吃早饭。就下楼来吃早饭。(此句如写成此句如写成:Brushing his teeth,Mr.Brown came:Brushing his teeth,Mr.Brown came downstairs for breakfast.downstairs for breakfast.意为边刷牙意为边刷牙,边下楼边下楼)12/28Not fearing the fire,the child touched and got a finger burnt.Not knowing how to find the subway,I asked a policeman for help.5.5.分词否定形式是在其前面加上分词否定形式是在其前面加上 not.not.如如:13/28牛刀小试牛刀小试一一.将两个句子组合成一个动词将两个句子组合成一个动词-ing形式句子。形式句子。1.Alice saw a volcano erupting in the morning.She felt excited and couldnt fall asleep at night.Having seen a volcano eruption in the morning,Alice felt excited and couldnt fall asleep at night.14/282.I knew the sight is impressive on the top of the mountain.I made an effort to climb onto it.Knowing the sight was impressive on the top of the mountain,I made an effort to climb onto it.3.The new book of the famous novelist was very boring.It didnt become popular among young people.Being very boring,the new book of the famous novelist didnt become popular among young people.15/28每空填一词每空填一词,使该句与所给句子意思相同。使该句与所给句子意思相同。1.Because he was ill,he didnt go to school._ _,he didnt go to school.2.When she was walking along the street one day,she met an old friend of hers._ _ the street one day,she met an old friend of hers.3.When autumn comes,swallows go to the south._ _,swallows go to the south.Being illWalking alongAutumn coming16/284.If it is sunny,well go for a picnic tomorrow._ _ _,well go for a picnic tomorrow.5.After she had finished her homework,the little girl began to watch TV._ _ her homework,the little girl began to watch TV.6.Because they had been warned by the teacher,they didnt make such mistakes._ _ _ by the teacher,they didnt make such mistakes.It being sunnyHaving finishedHaving been warned17/287.As it was a holiday,all the shops were shut._ _ _ _,all the shops were shut.8.If I had been given a longer time,I could have done it better than planned._ _ _ a longer time,I could have done it better than planned.9.After I got home,I found my books missing._ _ _,I found my books missing.Having got home Having been givenIt being a holiday18/28三三.单项选择单项选择(1)They set out _ for the _ boy.A.searching;losing B.searching;lost C.to search;lost D.searched;losing(2)The student sat there,_ what to do.A.doesnt knowing B.didnt knowing C.not know D.not knowingBD19/28(3)He sat there _,with his head on his hand.A.and think B.thinking C.thought D.being thought(4)The _ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.visiting;add B.visited;adding C.visiting;adding D.visited;addedBC20/281.Sit down,Emma.you will only make yourself more tired,_on your feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept 2.European football is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.A.making B.makes C.made D.to makeBA四 高考链接21/283.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily point D.and angrily pointing4.The storm left,_ a lot of damage to this area.(NEMT)A.caused B.to have caused C.to cause D.having causedAD22/285._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 6._ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.A.Not knowing B.knowing not C.Not having known D.Having not knownCA23/287.In winter steam can be seen _from wet clothes _near a fire.A.rising,hanging B.rising,to hang C.rise,hanging D.to rise,to hang8.I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_.A.going on B.goes on C.went on D.to go on9.Yesterday Professor Li received a letter from ne of his friends,_ him to write an article,and he accepted.A.having invited B.invited C.to be invited D.invitingAAD24/2810.Finding her car stolen,_.A.a policeman was asked to help B.the area was searched thoroughly C.it was looked for everywhere D.she hurried to a policeman for help11._,the boy couldnt enter his house.A.Since the key has lost B.The key been lost C.Lost the key D.Having lost the keyDD25/2812.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing 13.European foot ball is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.A.making B.makes C.made D.to makeBA26/2814.While watching television,_.(NMET)A.the doorbell rang B.the doorbell rings C.we heard the doorbell ring D.we heard the doorbell rings15._ the programme,they have to stay there for another two weeks.(广东广东)A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having completed D.Having not completedDC27/2816.“You cant catch me!”Janet shouted,_ away.(NEMT)A.run B.running C.to run D.ran17.“We cant go out in this weather,”said Bob,_out of the window.(NMET)A.looking B.to look C.looked D.having been lookedBA28/28