3结缔组织.ppt

Secretoryportionacinus:serousmucousseromucous(mixed)demiluneGlandularcellMyoepithelialcell腺细胞分泌方式模式图腺细胞分泌方式模式图secretory ways:merocrine apocrine holocrineChapter 3connective tissue刘凯刘凯Introduction 1.Concept:actasconnection，supporting，nutrition，protection 2.Characteristics:1.afewcellsandalotofextracellularmatrixwhichconsistsoffibersandgroundsubstance2.nopolarity:internalenvironmenttissue3.morevarietiesanddistributingwidely4.originatefrommesenchyme:n nMesenchyme mesenchymal cellmesenchymal cell +matrixstarshapedcellstarshapedcell(withprocesses)(withprocesses)，ovoidnucleuswithovoidnucleuswithprominentnucleolusprominentnucleolusmultipotentialcellsmultipotentialcellsDifferentiate:endothelialcells,endothelialcells,smoothmusclecells,smoothmusclecells,fibroblastandfatcell.fibroblastandfatcell.3.Classification of CT:according to the ground substance:loose CT1.gelatinousmatrix:dense CTconnectivetissueproperadipose T reticular T2.solidgelmatrix:cartilage and bone3.fluidmatrix:blood1.Loose connective tissue：more ground substance with loosely arranged cells and fibers,areolar tissue(蜂窝组织蜂窝组织)Distribute widely,7 types of cells3 types of fibers(1)Cells:1.fibroblastflattenedcellwithprocesses,flattenednucleus,palestaining,basophiliccytoplasm,EM:RER,freepolyribosomes,GolgicomplexFunction:synthesizecollagen,elastintoformfiberssynthesizeglycoproteinandproteoglycantoformgroundsubstance fibrocyte:restingfibroblast,smaller,acidophiliccytoplasm成纤维细胞和纤维细胞成纤维细胞和纤维细胞 HE染色染色 高倍高倍 成纤维细胞（下）和纤维细胞（上）成纤维细胞（下）和纤维细胞（上）成纤维细胞超微结构成纤维细胞超微结构线粒体粗面内质网 2.plasma cellstructure:ovoidcell,roundandeccentricallyplacednucleus,coarsehetero-chromatin(clock-faceappearance)prominentnucleolus,basophiliccytoplasmRER,freepolyribosomeGolgicomplex,Function:secreteantibodyimmunoglobulinIg浆细胞电镜图浆细胞电镜图 102503.Macrophage(histocyte)structure:differentshape,processes,smallnucleusround/kidney,darkstaining,acidophiliccytoplasm,phagocytoticgranule(trypanblue)EM:microvillusprimarylysosomesphagosomephagocytic vacuoles secondary lysosomesresidualbodymicrofilamentmicrotubule巨噬细胞超微结构巨噬细胞超微结构空泡溶酶体残余体 functions:(1)phagocytosis：chemotaxis,ameboid movement chemotactic factor(2)(Specific and nonspicific)(2)present antigen joining and regulating immunoresponse(3)secretion(lysozyme,interferon,interleukin,complement)巨噬细胞吞噬细菌巨噬细胞吞噬细菌 4.mast cell structure:largecell,smallnucleus,metachromaticbasophilicgranules，eosinophilchemotaxticfactorheparinpreventbloodcoagulation histamine,leukotrienestained bytoluidine blue肥大细胞超微结构anaphylaxis(过敏过敏):Firsttime:plasmacellIgE+receptor(mastcell)activatedconditionSecondtime:antigen-antibodycomplexjointogether-releasing histamineandleukotrieneasthma(哮喘)orhives(荨麻疹)antigen contact.第一次抗原进入第一次抗原进入抗体抗体 二次抗原进入二次抗原进入.anaphylaxis(过敏过敏):Receptor of IgE5.fat cellstructure:round(polyhedral),largelipiddropletvesicle，flattennucleus function:synthesizeandstorefat7.white blood cell:acidophil,neutrophilandlymphocyte6.undifferentiated mesenchymal cellstructure:resemblefibroblast function:differentiateintofibroblast,fatcell,smoothm.f.andendothelialcell(2).FiberS 1.collagenous f(whitef):structure:120m acidophilic,networkcollagen-collagenousfibril(20-200nm),64nmcrossstriationfunction:flexibleandstronglyresistapullingforce 胶原纤维电镜图胶原纤维电镜图 150000 2.elastic fiber(yellowf):3.structure：meshwork4.HE-lightpink，position:homogeneouselastincoveredbymicrofibrilfunction:elasticity3.reticular fiber:structure:0.21.0m,branchalot,meshwork，silverstain-argyrophilicfiber嗜银纤维composition:collagenfibrilscoveredbyglycoprotein,PASpositive （moreinlaminareticularishematopoieticorgans）(3).ground substancecomposition:proteoglycanandglycoprotein1.proteoglycan:glycosaminoglycan:hyaluronicacid,chondroitinsulfateAandC,keratinsulfate,heparinsulfateanddermatinsulfateProtein:linkprotein,coreprotein2.glycoprotein:fibronectin,FN;laminin,LNchondronectin,ChN(3).ground substancehyaluronicacidlinkproteincoreproteinglycosaminoglycanproteoglycansubunitmolecularsieve(分子筛)Function of ground substance:supplyaplaceformaterialsexchangeactasbarriertopreventthebacteria,largemoleculesfromenteringcancer cellstreptococcushyaluronidasedestroythebarrier动脉端动脉端静脉端静脉端 tissue fluid毛细淋巴管毛细淋巴管毛细淋巴管毛细淋巴管 capillarytissue fluid:suitableformaterialsexchangeedema,dehydration图图3-20 组织液形成示意图组织液形成示意图n nA.A.动脉动脉 V.V.静脉静脉n nCap.Cap.毛细血管毛细血管 LymLym.毛细淋巴管毛细淋巴管2.Dense connective tissuestructure:bundlesofcollagenfibersarrangeddensely,smallamountofgroundsubstanceandcells.Classification of dense C.T1.regulardenseCT:tendon,ligamentfibroblasttendoncell2.irregulardenseCT:dermisofskin,capsuleoforgan,scleraofeye,duramater3.elastictissue:ligamentnuchea项韧带，ligamentflava黄韧带,elasticmembraneregular dense CT:tendon,ligament fibroblast tendon cell irregular dense CT3.Adipose tissue Fat cells and loose connecive tissue 1.yellow adipose tissue(white):fatcells:containalargelipiddropletunivesiclefatcell2.brown adipose tissue:fatcells:containnumeroussmalllipiddropletsmultivesiclefatcellroundnucleuscentrallylocated脂肪组织脂肪组织 HE染色染色 低倍低倍n nA.A.黄色脂肪组织黄色脂肪组织 n nB.B.棕色脂肪组织棕色脂肪组织单泡脂肪细胞单泡脂肪细胞(A)和多泡脂肪细胞和多泡脂肪细胞(B)超微结超微结构模式图构模式图1.脂肪细胞2.结缔组织124.Reticular tissue:reticularcellsandreticularfibersfunction:providingmicroenvironmentforhematopoiesis.网状细胞网状细胞