大连市大连市第三十七中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析.doc

大连市大连市第三十七中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．阅读理解

    "Why do I live? Why do I wish for anything, or do anything? Is there anything in my life that will not be destroyed by my death?" Like Leo Tolstoy, the famous Russian writer, many people ask these difficult questions. Tolstoy spent his whole life trying to answer these difficult questions.
    As a young man, he thought people could achieve perfection if they tried hard enough. So he worked very hard to be the best in everything. He thought that he would find meaning and truth in success.
    In 1850s. Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his life in the army. He also told stories about his childhood. These works were published and Tolstoy became a well-known writer.
    He earned the respect he always wanted. Many rich and smart men met and talked with Tolstoy. Some of them were writers like him. They talked a lot about faith （信仰） and the meaning of life. But soon Tolstoy recognized that these men were not perfect. Now he knew they could not answer his questions about faith.
    So in the 1860s, Tolstoy tried a different way to find the meaning of life. He opened a school for the children of his serfs-the people who worked on his land. These workers were very poor. He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the rich people he knew.
    Tolstoy learned a lot from his workers. He understood how they worked hard to support their families. He began to believe that marriage and family would give his life meaning. So in 1862, Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs.
    The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy's life. It was during this time that he wrote his most famous books-War and Peace and Anna Karenina. Many experts say that War and Peace is one of the greatest books ever written. In these books, Tolstoy believed humans should live a simple life and take care of their families. Tolstoy thought this would satisfy him and bring him happiness.
    Leo Tolstoy is still a very respected writer today. His faith and writings have influenced many people all over the world.
（1）Which is the correct order of the following events?
① Tolstoy served in the army.②Tolstoy got married.
③ Tolstoy wrote War and Peace.④Tolstoy opened a school.
⑤ Tolstoy became a well-known writer.
A. ①⑤③②④                       B. ⑤①③②④                       C. ①⑤④②③                       D. ⑤④①③②
（2）Why did Tolstoy want to be the best in everything when he was young?
A. To prepare for his books.                                 B. To achieve perfection.
C. To make a lot of money.                                  D. To show his wisdom.
（3）Tolstoy thought he would learn a lot from his workers because they were ____________.
A. poor                               B. honest                               C. friendly                               D. patient
（4）According to the passage, which of the following is the most important to Tolstoy?
A. Family.                           B. Success.                           C. Wealth.                           D. Fame （名声）.
（5）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Leo Tolstoy: Living for writing.
B. Leo Tolstoy: Influencing the world.
C. Leo Tolstoy: Being the best in everything.
D. Leo Tolstoy: Searching for the meaning of life.
【答案】 （1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了著名的俄罗斯作家 Leo Tolstoy 的生平以及他对生命的意义的寻找。
（1）细节理解题。根据第三段 In 1850s. Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his life in the army. 在18世纪50年代，他写了他在军队的生活，可知，①为最早发生的事；根据第三段最后一句These works were published and Tolstoy became a well-known writer.这些作品被发表， Leo Tolstoy成为一位著名的作家，可知⑤随后发生；根据第五段 So in the 1860s, Tolstoy tried a different way to find the meaning of life. He opened a school for the children of his serfs-the people who worked on his land. 所以在18世纪60年代，他为农奴的孩子们——在他的土地上工作的人们——开办了一所学校，④发生在18世纪60年代；根据第六段So in 1862, Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs. 可知，在1862年，Leo Tolstoy与一个名叫Sonya Behrs的年轻女子结婚，②发生在1862年；根据倒数第二段 The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy's life. It was during this time that he wrote his most famous books-War and Peace and Anna Karenina. 他写了他最著名的书《战争与和平》和《安娜卡列尼娜》，可知在婚后的15年里，托尔斯泰写了《战争与和平》等书，③发生在1862年后。因此事件发生的正确顺序为：①⑤④②③。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 As a young man, he thought people could achieve perfection if they tried hard enough. 作为一个年轻人，他认为如果人们足够努力就可以达到完美的状态，可知他年轻人想做最好的那一个，是因为他想达到完美。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段 He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the rich people he knew. 可知，Leo Tolstoy帮助这些工人是因为他认为工人们比他认识的富人更为诚实。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。 根据倒数第二端In these books, Tolstoy believed humans should live a simple life and take care of their families. Tolstoy thought this would satisfy him and bring him happiness. 在这些书里，Tolstoy相信人们应该过简单的生活并照顾家庭。Tolstoy认为这会使他愉快并给他带来快乐，因此对Tolstoy来说，最重要的是家庭。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了著名的俄罗斯作家 Leo Tolstoy 的生平以及他对生命的意义的寻找。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

2．阅读理解

    When he was nine years old, an American boy called Milo Cress had a question: How many plastic straws （吸管）do Americans use every day?
    He quickly learned there wasn't a simple answer. The boy tried to find it out himself. Through lots of research, Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day. In hopes of cutting down plastic waste, he founded the Be Straw Free project in 2011.
    Cress started the project in his hometown Burlington. Vermont. He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drink order. It was a simple change. However, it would save money. And by doing that, the restaurant would cut down on its straw use by 50 percent.
    For the year that followed, Cress tried to spread his project across the United States. More and more restaurants agreed to join. They stop providing the customer with a straw unless he or she asks for one. Last April, Seattle became the first American city to completely ban plastic straws.
    After his project became popular, Cress took his findings on the road. He has spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world. He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws.
    "Focusing on straws is one simple step we all could take," Cress says. "And it makes me feel that I, as a kid, could make a difference, too."
（1）Cress found out that Americans use       straws every day.
A. about 50 million                    B. about 500 million                    C. about 10 million
（2）Cress founded the Be Straw Free project in order to       .
A. save money                    B. become popular                    C. cut down plastic waste
（3）Which American city first completely banned plastic straws？
A. Burlington.                                B. New York.                                C. Seattle.
（4）What does the sentence "Cress took his findings on the road" mean？
A. Cress took a walk on the road.
B. Cress spread his project around the world.
C. Cress was doing his research all the time.
（5）According to the last paragraph, Cress thinks       .
A. he could be famous
B. he has made much money through his project
C. he could also do something meaningful although he is a child
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了九岁的美国男孩Milo Cress调查每天美国人使用多少塑料吸管，并且为了减少塑料浪费，他开始了一个项目。
（1）细节理解题。根据Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day可知克雷斯波发现美国人每天使用大约5亿根吸管，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 In hopes of cutting down plastic waste，he founded the Be Straw Free project in 2011为了减少塑料垃圾，他在2011年创建了无稻草项目，可知为了减少塑料垃圾，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。 根据 Last April， Seattle became the first American city to completely ban plastic straws去年四月，西雅图成为第一个完全禁止塑料吸管的美国城市，可知西雅图成为第一个完全禁止塑料吸管的美国城市，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据He has spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world.  He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws他已经和世界各地成千上万的学生交谈过，他想鼓励更多的人对塑料吸管说不，可知此处是指克雷斯波把他的项目传遍了全世界，故选B。
（5）细节理解题。根据Focusing on straws is one simple step we all could take，"Cress says. "And it makes me feel that I， as a kid， could make a difference， too.关注吸管是我们都可以采取的一个简单的步骤，"克雷斯安说. "这让我觉得，作为一个孩子，我也可以有所作为，可知他认为作为一个孩子，也可以有所作为，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读理解
    In Australia, international students have to study at a language center for two terms. Everyone will have a test before entering school. The degree of the test is from easy to difficult, just like a game. Then students will get into a classroom which is suitable for them.
    The classes in a language center are free. There are no specific（具体的） subjects. Each teacher can teach anything they want. Some of them allow students to use computers to search for information online. Some like to hold activities to make students exchange their opinions freely in class. Some introduce Australian history through films.
    As one of the students in the learning center, I find all of them are friendly. They welcome all of our questions. One of my teachers, Don, is kind. I used to have problems. "Do you need help?" he asked me after class. I was not familiar with him so I was too shy to share my real feelings." Don't hesitate（犹豫）to ask me if you have any questions, "he said. He looked at me and smiled. I told him my trouble in a small voice. I couldn't understand the vocabulary. To my surprise, he gave me a sheet of words and asked me to remember them. Then I found his class simple and interesting.
    Don has a great sense of humor, too. When we learned about probability（可能性）, he let us give him some examples like, "What is the chance of...?" Someone joked, "What is the chance of Don becoming angry?" He pretended（假装） to be angry at once. But soon he laughed with us.
（1）________should study at a language center for two terms in Australia.
A. Australian students                                          B. International students
C. Chinese students                                              D. American students
（2）From the passage, we know that ________________.
A. it is really expensive to have classes at a language center
B. students will have the same classes at a language center
C. students with a good performance won't have a test before entering a school
D. some teachers allow students to use computers to search for information online
（3）The writer's experience in Para. 3 shows         .
A. how friendly the teachers are                          B. how simple Don's class is
C. how to get help from classmates                    D. how to ask questions
（4）What can we infer from the passage?
A. The writer enjoys his time in the language center.
B. The writer will pass the language test of the difficult degree.
C. Don sometimes is easy to get angry at once.
D. The writer will finish the language classes in one term.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在澳大利亚，国际学生必须在语言中心学习，和作者在学习中心渡过的快乐时光。
（1）细节题。根据 international students have to study at a language center for two terms.  可知 国际学生必须在语言中心学习两学期，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据 Some of them allow students to use computers to search for information online 可知 其中一些允许学生使用计算机在网上搜索信息，故选D。
（3）主旨题。根据 I find all of them are friendly 和 One of my teachers 可知作者告诉我们那的老师都很友好，故选A。
（4）推理题。根据 Then I found his class simple and interesting 可知 作家喜欢在语言中心工作，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解

（1）What kind of the letter may the passage be?
A. An admission letter.      B. An apology letter.      C. A business letter.      D. A thank you letter.
（2）How much should Zhang Wei pay in all to enter the university?
A. HK$ 55,935.                    B. HK$ 55,810.                    C. HK$ 55, 685.                    D. HK$ 55,560.
（3）If you were Zhang Wei, how would you feel at this letter?
A. Annoyed.                            B. Excited.                            C. Upset.                            D. Anxious.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）B
【解析】【分析】句意：这是张伟的一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，其中涉及到专业，学习方式，学位以及费用。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The Chinese University of Hong kong   Admission Notification提示可知，这是一张录取通知书，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句HK$ 55,560.（for native students）以及Zhang Wei（Yuyao，Ningbo）提示可知，张伟的学费是HK$ 55,560，故选D。
（3）理解归纳题。这是一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，张伟收到以后，一定非常的激动，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

5．阅读理解
    One night, when I was eight, my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. "Sweetie, my company wants to promote（升职） me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling you that you've done well and allowing you to skip（跳） a grade, but you'll have to leave your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher?" She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was lost in thought. The question kept me wondering for the rest of the night. I had said "Yes" but for the first time, I realized the difficult decisions adults had to make.
    For almost four years, my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening I'd eagerly wait for the phone to ring and then tell her everything that happened during the day. A phone call, however, could never take her place and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times.
    During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large empty apartment. It was then I started to understand the difficult choices she had to make. She needed to think about both family and work. Faced with difficult decisions, she used to tell me, you wouldn't know whether you made the right choice, but you could always make the best out of the situation, with a positive attitude.
Back home, I reminded myself that what my mother could do, I could, too. If she managed to live in Rio all by herself, I, too, could learn to be independent. I learn how to take care of myself and set high but achievable goals.
    My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the experience has really taught me. I've learned a lot because of this separation（分离）. There are lots of difficult decisions that we have to face in our life. We need to have a positive attitude no matter what happens.
（1）It was __________ for the writer to say "Yes" to her mother s question.
A. excited                               B. difficult                               C. unusual                               D. easy
（2）Which of the following sentences can be put in the blank in Paragraph 3?
A. I thought my mother might regret her decision.
B. I thought my mother might want to go home with us.
C. I realized how lonely my mother was in Brazil herself.
D. I realized my mother had a happy time in Brazil herself.
（3）The writer most probably wants to tell us that __________.
A. how she gets on well with her mother           B. it's difficult for her to make