湖南省常德市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2021年常德市初中学业水平考试英语试题卷
考生注意：
1. 请在试题卷首填写好准考证号及姓名。
2. 请将答案填写在答题卡上, 填写在试题卷上的无效。
3. 本学科试题卷共8页,3部分,满分100分,考试时量90分钟。
第I卷
第一部分 阅读技能（共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分）
阅读下面的材料,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。
A
The city of music
Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the center of Europe. It’s the capital city of Austria and the center of European classical music. In the eighteenth century, a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.
In the Strauss family, there were two composers（作曲家）called Johann Strauss: the father and the son. The father, Johann Strauss, the elder, wrote and played music for traditional dances, called the waltz. His dance music made him famous all over Europe. The son, Johann Strauss the younger, was also very successful and popular. He wrote over 150 waltzes. In 1867 he wrote The Blue Danube waltz.
Mozart was another very important composer. He was born in Austria in 1756. Before he was six, he played not only the piano but also the violin. His family took him around Europe and he gave concerts in many cities. He wrote hundreds of pieces of music. But he became very poor and died in 1791 when he was only thirty-five. Like Johann Strauss, father and son, he was a great European musician, and many people still think his music is perfect.
1. Where is Vienna?
A. In Australia. B. In Austria. C. In America.
2. Who wrote The Blue Danube waltz?
A. Johann Strauss the younger. B. Johann Strauss the elder. C. Mozart.
3. What kind of music does the waltz belong to?
A. Blues music. B. Country music. C. Classical music.
4. When was Mozart born?
A. In 1867. B. In 1791. C. in 1756.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了维也纳是奥地利之都和古典音乐的中心，并介绍了非常出名的三名作曲家：约翰·施特劳斯父子和莫扎特。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the center of Europe. It’s the capital city of Austria”可知，维也纳在奥地利，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The son, Johann Strauss the younger…In 1867 he wrote The Blue Danube waltz.”可知，小约翰·施特劳斯创作了《蓝色多瑙河》，故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据“It’s the capital city of Austria and the center of European classical music.”和“wrote and played music for traditional dances, called the waltz”可知，华尔兹属于古典乐，故选C。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Mozart was another very important composer. He was born in Austria in 1756.”可知，莫扎特出生于1756年，故选C。
B
Moderation（自我调节）
Pay attention to how you lead your life most of the time. A healthy lifestyle is one that doesn’t take extremes（极端）as a way of life. Be moderate in what you do.
Eat well
It is important to pay attention to both what you eat and how you eat. As Socrates said : “ You should eat to live ;not live to eat.” A different diet（饮食）with vegetables and fresh fruits is good for the brain. Also take time off for meals.
Exercise
Students must know the value of exercise because it plays a necessary part in counterbalancing（抵消）the stress（压力）responses produced in our bodies by having to meet exams.
Sleep
Students are getting less and less of sleep which might lead to more stress. The hours of sleep before midnight are thought to be the most helpful. For this reason students must re-regulate their body clock and go to bed and get up at regular time.
Express yourself
The way students feel about their work and other issues in their life plays a huge part in how they deal with stress. It is advisable that students should be realistic whatever happens in their lives.
To sum up, studies are really very important, but never at the expense（代价）of students’ physical and mental well-being. Besides, if students feel well they will be ready to face the challenges（挑战） of exams alive and kicking.
5. What food is good for the brain according to paragraph two?
A. Vegetables and fruits. B. Hamburgers and meat. C. Rice and noodles.
6. When is the best time for a student to go to sleep?
A. At 7:00 pm. B. At 10:00 pm. C. At 1:00 am.
7. Where can we most probably read this article?
A. In a tour guide. B. On a web page for tips. C. In a daily newspaper.
8. What’s the best title of the reading?
A. Stress in part of students’ lives
B. A healthy mind in a healthy body
C. Prepare for your exams with a healthy body and mind
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了学生要学会从不同的方面进行自我调节，学习确实非常重要，但决不能以牺牲学生的身心健康为代价。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A different diet（饮食）with vegetables and fresh fruits is good for the brain.”可知，水果和蔬菜对大脑有好处，故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The hours of sleep before midnight are thought to be the most helpful.”可知，午夜前的睡眠时间被认为是最有帮助的。也就是12点之前睡觉是最好的，而7点又太早了，故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍学生要从几个的方面教学生进行自我调节，减轻压力，应该是来自一个健康网页的提示，故选B。
【8题详解】
最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解可知，文章主要介绍了学生应该如何调节自己，来获得健康的身心，故选B。
C
Usually I wouldn’t cross the park at this time of night. But walking around the park would take more time, and it was raining so hard that I couldn’t even see clearly what was right before me. So I entered the park. And that was the first stupid thing I did tonight.
Soon after I walked into the park. I saw a man under a tree up ahead. My heart fell. The stories I’d heard about the park were all coming into my head at this moment. Anyone with a clear mind would just turn back. But me? No. I did another stupid thing: I decided to hurry past him.
Just when I was passing the man, he raised his head and gave me the strangest smile ever. I got scared and started running. “Hey” the man shouted from behind. “Wait” He was running after me!
I ran like crazy. I had hoped the trees would keep some rain off. And they did. But they also made the park look even darker. I couldn’t see what was ahead of me. Then, I ran into something. It was the man!
“Don’t kill me!” I cried.
“What? I was trying to give back your bag! You dropped it” The man gave me my bag.
Now, I felt saying that to the man was the stupidest thing I did tonight.
9. Why did the writer enter the park?
A. It was safer to go across the park.
B. To go across the park would save time.
C. The trees in the park could keep the rain off.
10. What did the writer mean by “the first stupid thing” “another stupid thing” “the stupidest thing”?
A. He felt proud of himself.
B. He regretted what he had done.
C. He felt ashamed of making so many mistakes.
11. The “drop” in ________ has the same meaning as the underlined one in the last but two paragraph.
A. He dropped off from his bike.
B. Oh, they have had to drop their prices.
C. Excuse me, Miss, you’ve dropped your umbrella.
12. What’s the bet title for the passage?
A. A Strange Man B. A Scary Park C. A Brave Cross
【答案】9. C 10. B 11. C 12. B
【解析】
【分析】文章讲述了作者在一个下雨的夜晚在公园遇到了一个人，作者以为他是坏人，最后才知道他是给自己还包的人，作者认为这是他的一次最愚蠢的经历。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Usually I wouldn’t cross the park at this time of night. But walking around the park would take more time, and it was raining so hard that I couldn’t even see clearly what was right before me. So I entered the park.”可知，作者走进公园是因为雨下的太大了，作者看不清眼前的一切，所以作者想在公园里躲雨，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据“So I entered the park. And that was the first stupid thing I did tonight.”以及“Anyone with a clear mind would just turn back. But me? No. I did another stupid thing: I decided to hurry past him.”以及“Then, I ran into something. It was the man! “Don’t kill me!” I cried.”可知，作者在公园里遇到了一个人，自己受到了惊吓，所以对自己那天晚上的所作所为感到很后悔，故选B。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“ “What? I was trying to give back your bag! You dropped it” The man gave me my bag.”可知，那个人是说作者把包掉了，现在要还给他，所以此处的drop的意思与C选项中的意思相近，故选C。
【12题详解】
最佳标题题。文章主要是讲述作者在一个下雨天的夜晚，在公园里遇到了可怕的事情，B选项符合标题，故选B。
D

In Darayya, a city in Syria, there’s a library and it has 15,000 books on almost every subject you can think of. However, it is different from any libraries you know: It is a secret underground library, and only people in Darayya know where it is.
Over the years, war has shaken Darayya badly. △ Stores are closed one after another, and so are schools. To help the kids in Darayya with their learning, Anas Ahmad, a 19-year-old student, and his friends decided to build a library. They built the library under the ground to keep it safe from bombing. But it is dangerous to collect books for the library. Often, Ahmad and his friends look for books in houses that were bombed. They need to be careful because they may be killed in another bombing.
You may ask, “In a place like Darayya, would people be interested in books?” “Just like the body needs food, the mind needs books, “says one library user. In the library, people enjoy their time of reading and forget about the terrible world above, so their life doesn’t seem so hard. Through reading, they are able to dream of a better life after war.
13. What do we know about Darayya’s library?
A. It was built during the war.
B. It has been bombed many times.
C. Most of its books are from outside of Darayya.
14. Which can best replace “ △ ” in the passage?
A. Every day, houses are bombed and people are killed.
B. Every night, people come to help to build the library.
C. Every Monday, kids come to the library to read different books.
15. Why do people in Darayya go to the library even during the war?
A. They can get free food.
B. They find joy and hope in reading.
C. They want to learn how to win the war.
16. The sentence—“Just like the body needs food, the mind needs books, ”says one library user. is used ________.
A. to answer the question above
B. to offer a solution to a problem
C. to give a supporting example for a topic
【答案】13. A 14. A 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了在叙利亚的达赖亚市，常年受到战争的影响，学校不得不关门，为了让人们读书，19岁的学生阿纳斯·艾哈迈德和他的朋友们决定建一座图书馆，帮助人们通过享受阅读的时光，忘却战争的恐惧。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据“war has shaken Darayya badly...a 19-year-old student, and his friends decided to build a library.”可知，这个图书馆是在战争时期建立的，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据“war has shaken Darayya badly...Stores are closed one after another, and so are schools.”可知，这里应该是说战争带来的灾难，对人们的影响，故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ “Just like the body needs food, the mind needs books...Through reading, they are able to dream of a better life after war.”可知，人们能在阅读中找到了快乐和希望，故选B。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“You may ask, “In a place like Darayya, would people be interested in books?” ”可知，此处是提出了一个问题，接下来用“Just like the body needs food, the mind needs books, “says one library user.”这句话来回答这个问题，故选A。
E

My name is Alice Black. I am thirteen years old, and I come from Mount Elm Sheep Station in South Australia. I have got two sisters—Jenifer is eleven and Lisa is seven. We are all pupils at the School of the Air.
The School of the Air is a school for children who live far from the cities, and who are in a place which does not have a local school. So we have “air” lessons over the radio or on the computer. Our teachers are at Port Augusta, a city which is about 160 kilometers away.
In the morning we go to our school at 8:45. △ When we get there, we turn on the radio or computer and listen to what we should do. From then until twelve, we just do our usual lessons. In the afternoon, our mum makes us do some homework—well, not homework, but more work around the house.
We send our exercise “books” to our teachers by email on Friday night. They mark them on Monday and Tuesday, and then send them back. We get them on Wednesday.
The Internet and the telephone help us get in touch with our teachers quickly and easily. We talk to our teachers once a week for about ten minutes. They tell us if we are making progress. Next year I will start at a new school in Port Augusta. I will spend the weekdays there and come home at weekends. It will be good to be with teenagers of my age, but I will miss my family. I hope I will be happy there.
17. From the passage we know that ________.
A. the Black family is very poor
B. the Blacks lives far from Port Augusta
C. there is a small local school near the Black family
18. Which sentence can best replace “ △ ”in the passage?
A. It is really just a small building.
B. What fun it is to go to school
C. It is really an early time.
19. In the 4th paragraph, the underlined word “them” means ________ in Chinese.
A. 课本 B. 作业 C. 课程
20. What do the teachers probably say to their pupils on the phone?
A. Do you have any suggestions about our lessons?
B. Will you come to our school in Port Augusta?
C. How are you doing with your lessons?
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了Alice的情况和学校情况。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ Our teachers are at Port Augusta, a city which is about 160 kilometers away.”可知布莱克一家住的距离奥古斯塔港160公里，很远。故选B。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。上一句“In the morning, we go to our school at 8:45.”介绍了到学校时间，8点45并不早，排除C；下句“When we get there...”指代此空中的地方，A选项it指代学校。故选A。
【19题详解】
词义推断题。根据“We send our exercise “books” to our teachers by email on Friday night.”可知我们通过邮件把练习本发给老师，然后老师进行批改，所以这里指的是作业。故选B。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据“We talk to our teachers once a week for about ten minutes. They tell us if we are making progress”可知学生们与老师通话的时候，老师会告诉学生是否在进步，因此老师会询问成绩和课程相关内容。故选C。
第二部分 知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
John was a poor but very smart kid and he always got top grades at school. He was _____21_____, so he didn’t have any friends. His classmate, Kevin, was a mean kid, who bullied（欺负）almost everyone including John. He did well in most subjects, but _____22_____ failed math.
The two kids couldn’t be more different, but an act of _____23_____ connected them. One day, John saw a lady drop a purse on his way to school. The lady didn’t _____24_____ that. John caught up with her and handed the purse to her.
The lady happened to be Kevin’s _____25_____. That evening, she told Kevin about the kind little boy who _____26_____ the purse to her. She said, “His name’s John. I guess he goes to your school. “What?” Kevin said _____27_____, “Did you mean poor John, my classmate?”
To thank John, Kevin and his mom decided to invite him over for some _____28_____. The next day, when John saw big Kevin running towards him, he got really scared. He thought Kevin was going to _____29_____ him. Unexpectedly, Kevin gave him a big hug, “Thank you _____30_____ returning my mom’s purse yesterday!”
“You mean that nice lady?” John asked
“Yes. She _____31_____ invite you over for some home-baked cookies.” “Well, I have to get my mother’s permission（允许）first.”
After school, they walked together to John’s home. John’s mom was more than happy to see his son with a friend for a _____32_____. She agreed at once after asking Kevin if his parents were OK with that.
The two kids _____33_____ the freshly baked cookies Kevin’s mom served. Then, they did the homework together. Kevin was amazed _____34_____ John explained the usually very difficult math homework and made it look so easy.
With John’s help, Kevin passed math tests _____35_____, and he seldom bullied anyone. They became best friends as well.
21. A. friendly B. brave C. shy
22. A. always B. sometimes C. never
23. A. bravery B. kindness C. friendship
24. A. notice B. see C. care
25. A. aunt B. mother C. grandma
26. A. left B. showed C. returned
27. A. angrily B. worriedly C. surprisedly
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