宾语从句知识点归纳与练习公开课一等奖优质课大赛微课获奖课件.pptx

语法专项-Object Clause 宾语从句宾语从句 第1页第1页一、宾语从句概念一、宾语从句概念 在复合句中充当宾语宾语句子叫做宾语从句。宾宾语从句句子结构：语从句句子结构：主语+谓语+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句第2页第2页二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素连连 接接 词词语语 序序（主句和从句中时态）（主句和从句中时态）（从句要用陈说句语序）（从句要用陈说句语序）时时 态态第3页第3页（一）连（一）连 接接 词词1.that(陈说句充当宾语从句，用that引导，that 无词义，往往能够省去。)2.whether/if（普通疑问句充当宾语从句，用whether/if引导，翻译为“是否”。）3.连接代词（特殊疑问句充当宾语从句）who whom whose what which4.连接副词（特殊疑问句充当宾语从句）when why where how第4页第4页注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成份，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.I hear(that)he will be back in an hour（一小时后他会回一小时后他会回来）来）2.He said(that)he missed us very much（他非常想念我们）他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us(that)the earth moves around the sun （地球围着太阳转）地球围着太阳转）1.由由that引导宾语从句引导宾语从句第5页第5页e.g.1.Ask him whether(if)he can come.（他是否他是否能来）能来）2.I dont know whether it is going to rain or not.（是否要下雨）是否要下雨）当句末为当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.2.由由if和和whether引导宾语从句引导宾语从句第6页第6页只能用whether而不能用if 情况1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come is not decided.与与or/or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whether，whether置于句首置于句首第7页第7页1.He asked who could answer the question.(谁能回答这个问题谁能回答这个问题）2.Do you knowwhom they are waiting for（他们在等谁他们在等谁）3.Please tell me when well have a meeting.（我们什么时候开会我们什么时候开会）4.Can you tell me where he is.（他在哪儿他在哪儿）5.Could you tell me how I can get to the station.（我该怎么去车站我该怎么去车站）6.Would you tell me why the train is late（为何火车迟到了为何火车迟到了）3.由连接代词及连接副词引导宾语从句由连接代词及连接副词引导宾语从句第8页第8页1.1.当陈说句作宾语从句时当陈说句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+that+that+主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分2.2.当普通疑问句作宾语从句时当普通疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+if(whether)+if(whether)+主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分3.3.当当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+特殊疑问特殊疑问词词+主语主语 +谓语部分谓语部分宾语从句引导词小结宾语从句引导词小结第9页第9页一一.选择适当连接词选择适当连接词1Idontknow_ornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathome2Thisdependson_theweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.ifD.that3Theteacheraskedthenewstudent_classhewasin.A.whichB.whereC.ifD.thatABA第10页第10页4Idontknow_Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HellhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where5Becareful!Dontbreakthebottles.Doyouhear_Isaid?David?Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.if6Doyouknow_Mr.Blacksaddressis?HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridge Street.Imnotsureof_.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,whereBAC第11页第11页7Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydontknow_.A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchooseD.whatIshouldchooseB第12页第12页 (二二)时时态态1.当主句是现在时或未来时时候，宾语从句能够用所需要任何时态。eg:We know(that)Mrs.Chen teaches English.2.主句是过去时，宾语从句普通只能用过去时某种 eg:He asked who could answer the question.3.当从句叙述是客观事实或普通真理时，宾语从句仍然用现在时态。eg:He told the boy that three plus one is four.第13页第13页(三三)语序语序宾语从句要用陈说句陈说句语序连接词+主语+谓语+其它成份第14页第14页 类型一：语序类型一：语序1.Didyoufindout_?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingforD.whosechildshewaslookingfor2.Areyouinterestedin_?A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit3.Idontknow_.Canyoutellme?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersareDCD第15页第15页 4.Whatdidthescientistsay?Hesaidhewonderedif_intospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly5.Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme_?A.WherethebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbankC.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere6.Ihearwellhaveanewteacherthisterm.Really?Doyouknow_?A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB.Whatsubjectwillheteach?C.whatsubjectishegoingtoteachD.whatsubjectheteachesBCD第16页第16页 类型二：时态类型二：时态1.TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25th_ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe2.Theteachersaidthattheearth_roundthesun.A.goesB.goC.wentD.willgo3.Ihearthathe_toBeijingyesterday.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegoneAAC第17页第17页 4.Wedliketotellyouthatyou_theexam.A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.passD.willpass5.“Couldyoutellme_?”“Yes.They_tothelibrary.”A.wherearethetwins,havebeenB.wherewerethetwins,havebeenC.wherethetwinsare,havegoneD.wherethetwinswere,havegone6.Ourfathersaidthathe_anewcomputernextweek.A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buysACC第18页第18页假如主句主语是第一人称并且为普通现在时，谓语假如主句主语是第一人称并且为普通现在时，谓语动词是动词是guess，think,believe,suppose,expect 等等时，从句否认词普通要转移到主句上来，其反义疑时，从句否认词普通要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句普通与宾语从句一致问句普通与宾语从句一致.Idontthinkhewillcometohelpus.Ibelieveshecansolvetheproblem,cantshe?否认前移否认前移第19页第19页从句概念从句概念句子成份（主谓宾定状补）通常都是单词，这样句子叫简朴句。eg：I love English very much.（我非常喜欢英语。）假如句子里用另一个句子做句子成份，那就是一个复杂句，而做成份句子叫做从句。eg：I know that English is not easy for some of you to learn well.(我知道学好英语对于你们中一些人不容易。)We all like people who are kind and honest.(我们都喜欢那些善良诚实人。)You can learn English well as long as you work hard.(只要你努力学习，你就能够学好英语。)第20页第20页