2018年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市中考英语真题试题（含解析）.doc

黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市2018年中考英语真题试题第一部分 语言知识运用.单项选择从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。1. -How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?-It takes us hour to go to my hometown by train.A. an, aB. an, /C. an, the【答案】B【详解】句意：从这里到你的家乡需要花多长时间？乘火车需要花费我们一个小时的时间。考查冠词。第一个空后面的单词hour是以元音音素a开头的单词，所以要用an来填空；第二个空，by train表示乘坐某种交通工具的时候，名词前不加冠词，by train“乘火车”；因此这句话的意思是：从这里到你的家乡需要花多长时间？乘火车需要花费我们一个小时的时间。故答案选B。2. Her father a taxi driver. Now he works for a charity.A. used to beB. is used to beingC. is【答案】A【详解】句意：她的爸爸以前是一名出租车司机，现在他在一家慈善机构工作。考查动词短语。A. used to be过去曾经是；B. is used to being现在习惯于做某事；C. is现在是。根据下文Now he works for a charity. 现在他在一家慈善机构工作，可知推知前面应是：她的爸爸以前是一名出租车司机，可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。3. -How do you like the two pairs of shoes?-They don t fit me. They are too big too small.A. not onlybut alsoB. neithernorC. eitheror【答案】C【详解】句意：你觉得这两双鞋怎么样？他们不适合我。他们要么太大，要么太小。考查并列连词。A.not onlybut also不但而且；B.neithernor既不也不；C.eitheror要么要么。根据语境以及上下文，结合题干Theydontfitme可以推断设空处句子表达的意思是他们要么太大，要么太小。，表示要么要么用短语eitheror；故答案选C。4. -Could you please give me some on how to learn English ?-Sure. Practice makes perfect.A. advice, wellB. advice, goodC. advices, well【答案】A【详解】句意：你能给我一些如何学好英语的建议吗？当然，熟能生巧。考查名词、副词词义辨析。第一个空，建议advice，不可数名词，所以排除C选项；第二个空，修饰动词learn，要用副词well，不能用形容词，排除B选项；故答案选A。5. We set up this group disabled people like Ben Smith.A. helpB. to helpC. helping【答案】B【详解】句意：我们成立这个小组是为了帮助像Ben Smith这样的残疾人。考查动词不定式。根据We set up this group disabled people like Ben Smith.可知，我们成立这个小组是为了帮助像Ben Smith这样的残疾人，句子中用to引导的不定式短语作目的状语，故答案选B。6. - I finish my work now?-No, you . You can do it later.A. May, needntB. Must, dont have toC. Can, couldnt【答案】B【详解】句意：我必须现在完成我的工作吗？不，你不必。你可以以后再做。考查情态动词。A. May, neednt可以，不必；B. Must, dont have to必须，不必；C. Can, couldnt能，不能。结合语境：我 现在完成我的工作吗？不，你 。你可以以后再做。可知，第一个空，应该是“必须”，第二个空，应该是“不必”；故答案选B。【点睛】must“必须”，其引导的疑问句的否定答语中用neednt或dont have to等表示“不必”。7. Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing.A. have beenB. have goneC. has been【答案】C【详解】句意：除了汤姆和玛丽之外，我们班上每个人都去过北京。考查现在完成时。由句意可知句子时态为现在完成时，构成为：have /has+动词过去分词；have been to表示去过某地，已经回来；have gone to表示去了某地，可能在路上，也可能已经到达；根据Everyone in my class except Tom and Mary to Beijing.可知，这里表示除了汤姆和玛丽之外，我们班上每个人都去过北京， 说明去过北京都已经回来了，所以用have been to。本句的主语是everyone，所以助动词用has，故答案选C。8. FIFA World Cup every four years. Guess which team will win in 2018 Russia FIFA World Cup?A. is heldB. was heldC. will be held【答案】A【详解】句意：国际足联世界杯每四年举办一场，猜猜哪支球队会在2018年俄罗斯世界杯上获胜？考查一般现在时的被动语态。由题干可知本句主语FIFA World Cup和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；结合句意“国际足联世界杯每四年举办一场”陈述的是客观事实，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+动词过去分词；主语是FIFA World Cup，第三人称单数，系动词用is，hold的过去分词是held；故答案选A。9. -I dont know .-You can go and ask Mary.A. when does the train arriveB. if she comes or notC. what I should buy for my sister【答案】C【详解】句意：我不知道我应该给妹妹买什么？你可以去问问玛丽。考查宾语从句。根据I dont know ，可知这里是考查宾语从句，宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序，所以排除A选项。B选项中if应翻译为“是否”，主语是第三人称单数形式，不能和动词原形连用，所以排除B选项；故答案选C。10. Miss Brown tells us to remember that careful we are, mistakes we will make.A. the more, the fewerB. the fewer, the moreC. the more, the less【答案】A【详解】句意：布朗小姐告诉我们要记住，我们越细心，犯的错误就越少。考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知，本句用“the+形容词的比较级.，the+形容词的比较级.”表示“越，越”。又因careful是多音节形容词，所以比较级用more careful；mistakes是可数名词复数，fewer后接可数名词复数，故用fewer来修饰；结合选项，可知A选项符合题意；故答案选A。.完形填空阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能入空白处的最佳选项。Few people like changing their habits, good or bad Whether it is smoking, drinking or overeating, they _11_“ enjoying” them to the end.On every packet of cigarettes(香烟), people are warned against the _12_of smoking: “Warning: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.”_13_, millions of them start smoking or go on smoking. Why?Facts show that families and surroundings(环境) play a very important part in_14_smokers.All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking_15_or relatives. Films and TV plays also play a part. People_16_their heroes on TV drinking alcohol (酒) or _17_cigarettes.“Heroes seem to fear_18_, neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes._19_they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, why_20_common people be afraid?The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence_21_ habits. Even stronger warnings, like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer, dont seem to_22_.Knowing and believing seem to be two_23_things.If smoking is really as_24_as doctors say, it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it_25_!11. A. stop B. continue C. finish12. A. dangers B. excuses C. chances13. A. Moreover B. Also C. However14. A. influencing B. explaining C. improving15. A. parents B. brothers C. friends16. A. hear B. catch C. watch17. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke18. A. something B. nothing C. anything19. A. If B. When C. Because20. A. might B. shall C. should21. A. smoker B. smokers C. smokers22. A. make B. work C. do23. A. different B. pleasant C. similar24. A. harm B. harmful C. more harmful25. A. away B. out C. up【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C【分析】文章大意：短文介绍很少有人喜欢改变他们的习惯，无论好坏。不管是抽烟、饮酒，还是过量地饮食，人们都坚持享受着自己的习惯直到终了。在每包香烟的包装上，都警告着人们吸烟的危害，那么为什么还是有那么多的人学抽烟、继续抽烟呢？事实表明，家庭和环境是人们抽烟的重要原因。简单的警告对有抽烟习惯的人没有用处。【11题详解】句意：不管是抽烟、喝酒，还是过量饮食，人们都坚持享受着自己的习惯，直到终了。考查动词辨析及语境的理解。A. stop停止；B. continue继续；C. finish完成。根据上文Few people like changing their habits, good or bad可知，此处是人们不改变自己的恶习，继续享受着自己的习惯；“继续”continue，故答案选B。【12题详解】句意：每一包香烟的包装上都警告人们不要吸烟。考查名词辨析及语境的理解。A. dangers危害、危险；B. excuses借口；C. chances机会。根据下文“Warming: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.”可知，此处是警告吸烟的危害性，故答案选A。【13题详解】句意：然而，数以百计的人学着抽烟或继续抽烟。考查副词辨析及语境理解。A. Moreover而且，含义递进；B. Also而且，含义递进；C. However然而，含义转折。根据：“Warming: Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.”_3_, millions of them start smoking or go on smoking.可知虽然香烟包上警示着抽烟的危害，但是还有那么多的人学抽烟、继续抽着烟，表示含义转折，所以用However；故答案选C。【14题详解】句意：事实表明，家庭和环境在影响吸烟者方面起着非常重要的作用。考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. influencing影响；B. explaining解释；C. improving改进。根据Facts show that families and surroundings(环境) play a very important part in_4_smokers. 可知本段继续上段的意思，解释人们抽烟、学抽烟的原因，这些因素对抽烟者有影响，故答案选A。【15题详解】句意：所有的这些吸烟者都来自吸烟家庭或有吸烟的朋友或亲属。考查名词辨析及语境的理解。A. parents父母；B. brothers兄弟；C. friends朋友。根据All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking_5_or relatives.可知与本句中的家庭、亲属并列的是朋友，故答案选C。【16题详解】句意：人们在电视上看着自己的心中的“英雄”饮酒、抽烟。考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. hear听到；B. catch抓住；C. watch看到。根据后面的on TV可知，人们通过电视应该是看到，故答案选C。【17题详解】句意：人们在电视上看着自己的心中的“英雄”饮酒、抽烟。考查动词辨析及语境的理解。A. smoke烟、抽烟，原形；B. smoking抽烟，动名词；C. to smoke吸烟，动词不定式。由句中的or可知此处应和前面的drinking alcohol是并列关系，也要用动名词形式，结合选项可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。【18题详解】句意：英雄们似乎什么也不怕。考查不定代词辨析及语境理解。A. something一些东西；B. nothing什么也不；C. anything任何事情。根据下文neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes.可知此处应是英雄们什么也不怕，故答案选B。【19题详解】句意：如果他们不害怕抽烟和喝酒的危害。考查连词辨析及语境的理解。A. If如果；B. When当时候；C. Because因为。根据下文why should common people be afraid?可知此处应该是表示一种假设的条件，如果“英雄们”不害怕抽烟和喝酒的危害，为什么普通人要怕，故答案选A。【20题详解】句意：为什么普通人应当害怕呢？考查动词辨析及语境的理解。A. might可以；B. shall将要；C. should应当。根据If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking, why_common people be afraid?结合选项，推出句意：如果他们不害怕抽烟和喝酒的危害，为什么普通人应当害怕？故答案选C。【21题详解】句意：香烟包装上的简单警告不会影响吸烟者们的习惯。考查名词辨析及语境的理解。A. smoker吸烟者；B. smokers吸烟者的；C. smokers吸烟者们的。根据空格后面的habits，可知前面用smokers复数形式的名词所有格，以s结尾的名词所有格直接在其后加“”，故答案选C。【22题详解】句意：甚至是更强烈的警告，比如展示那些死于癌症的吸烟者的照片，似乎也不起作用。考查动词辨析及语境的理解。A. make制造；B. work工作；C. do做。dont work不起作用，故答案选B。【23题详解】句意：知道和相信似乎是两种不同的事情。考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A. different不同的；B. pleasant令人高兴的；C. similar相似的。根据短文的观点看，知道吸烟有害健康，人们并不理会，继续抽着烟，说明知道与相信是两个不同的事，故答案选A。【24题详解】句意：如果吸烟真的像医生说的那样有害的话。考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A. harm危害；B. harmful有害的；C. more harmful更加有害的。根据doctors say，以及下文it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it_15_!说的是应该放弃吸烟，可知此处医生会说“吸烟对健康有害”；asas“和一样”，在该结构的两个as之间通常接形容词或副词的原级，所以B选项符合题意，故答案选B。【25题详解】句意：是时候让吸烟者们考虑一下，试着戒烟了。考查介词辨析及语境的理解。A. away远离的；B. out外面的；C. up向上。根据上文If smoking is really as_14_as doctors say,如果吸烟真的像医生说的那样有害的话，推知这里是说应该放弃吸烟，give up固定短语，“放弃”，故答案选C。【点睛】解答完形填空首先要通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，最后根据语境，结合选项，选出正确答案。如，第6小题，根据后面的on TV可知，人们通过电视应该是看到，故答案选C。第15小题，联系上下文语境可推知这里是说应该放弃吸烟，give up固定短语，“放弃”，故答案选C。.短文改错阅读短文，从原文的每一行中找出一处错误并改正，不加词，不删词。（例如: Lily always go to school on foot. go-goes）Are you the kind of person who like to move with music? Even little 26._26_child start jumping up and down when they hear music. Scientists say that animals 27._27_dance, too. But their dancing is different. The dances of animals send messages to others 28._28_animals. And when people dance, they express feelings about life and love. Dances are 29._29_good for you with many ways. For one thing, dancing is good for you physically It makes 30._30_heart work and make you breathe fast It also makes you use your arms and your legs. 31._31_go dancing often, you can keep health. You may feel very tired after dancing, but you 32._32_will probably also feel relaxing. This is another important point about dancing. It gives you 33._33_a chance to express your feelings and feel better about you. 34._34_If you are angry or upset about something, dancing helps those feelings going away. 35._35_【答案】26. like-likes 27. child-children 28. others-other 29. And-But 30. with-in 31. make-makes 32. health-healthy 33. relaxing-relaxed 34. you-yourself 35. going-go/to go【解析】文章大意：本文介绍了舞蹈的作用。它对于人们来说有许多好处，可以帮助人保持健康，可以让人放松心情，帮助人们忘记烦恼等。【26题详解】like-likes。句意：你是那种喜欢跟着音乐跳舞的人吗？这里是who引导的定语从句，who在句中作主语，先行词是person，所以like-likes。【27题详解】child-children。句意：甚至当小孩听到音乐时，他们也会开始上下跳动。由本句从句中的主语they可知此处应用child的复数形式，所以child-children。【28题详解】others-other。句意：动物的“舞蹈”是向其他动物传递信息。other“别的，其他的”，一般只能和复数名词连用；others“其他的”，表示泛指，后面不加名词，相当于other+复数名词；本句中后面有复数名词animals，所以others-other。【29题详解】And-But。句意：但是当人们跳舞时，他们表达了对生活和爱情的感受。联系上文动物的“舞蹈”是向其他动物传递信息，当人们跳舞时，他们表达了对生活和爱情的感受；可知前后表示转折的关系，所以And-But。【30题详解】with-in。句意：舞蹈在很多方面是对你有好处的。根据句意舞蹈在很多方面是对你有好处的，“在方面”要用介词in，所以with-in。【31题详解】make-makes。句意：它使你的心跳和呼吸加快。由句中的and可知此处和前面的makes heart work是并列关系，意思是“使你的呼吸”，所以make-makes。【32题详解】health-healthy。句意：经常去跳舞，可以使你保持健康。“keep+形容词”表示“使保持某种状态”，而health是名词“健康”，所以health-healthy。【33题详解】relaxing-relaxed。句意：跳舞之后你可能会感觉很累，但你也可能会感到放松。根据句意可知此处是说明人的感受，所以应用形容词relaxed，而relaxing是形容事物的，所以relaxing-relaxed。【34题详解】you-yourself。句意：它给你表达你的感情的机会，并且让你自我感觉良好。feel good about yourself固定短语，意思是“自我感觉良好”，所以you-yourself。【35题详解】going-go/to go。句意：如果你对某事感到愤怒或不安，跳舞可以帮助你摆脱这些情绪。help do sth.或help to do sth.“帮忙做某事”，所以going-go/to go。.交际运用(A)根据对话内容，从A到F选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，每个选项只使用一次，选项中有一项为多余项。A: You dont look well. 36._36_B: I have a bad cold and my head really hurts.A: Sorry to hear that 37._37_B: Yes, I have. The doctor said I had to lie down and rest. Im a little bit hungry now. Could you please order some noodles for me?A: 38._38_C: Hello. House of Noodles!A: Hello! I want to order some beef noodles, pleaseC: Sure, what size would you like?A: Small.C: 39._39_A: No, thats all.C: 40._40_A: 1l North Street and my phone number is 349-8577.C: Thank you. Thatll be 15 yuan.A. Anything else?B. What s the matter?C. My pleasure.D. With pleasure.E. Whats your address and phone number?F. Have you seen a doctor?【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. A 40. E【分析】文章大意：本文是一段对话内容。A感觉B看上去不太好，问B怎么了，有没有去看医生。B说自己得了重感冒，头疼，医生让他必须躺下休息。而且B说自己有点饿了，让A帮自己点些面条。A给C打电话帮B点了一小碗牛肉面，C问A的地址和电话，并告诉A点餐需要15元。【36题详解】根据上文You dont look well.以及下文I have a bad cold and my head really hurts.可知此处是问“怎么了？什么事？”结合选项可知B选项What s the matter?符合题意，故答案选B。【37题详解】根据下文Yes, I have. The doctor said I had to lie down and rest. Im a little bit hungry now.可知此处是问“你去看过医生了吗？”结合选项可知F选项Have you seen a doctor?符合题意，故答案选F。【38题详解】根据上文Could you please order some noodles for me?可知此处应是说“乐意效劳”，结合选项可知D选项With pleasure.符合题意，故答案选D。【39题详解】根据下文No, thats all.可知此处是问“还要别的东西吗？”结合选项可知A选项Anything else?符合题意，故答案选A。【40题详解】根据下文1l North Street and my phone number is 349-8577.可知此处是问“你的地址和电话是多少？”结合选项可知E选项Whats your address and phone number? 符合题意，故答案选E。【点睛】补全对话旨在考查学生实际运用日常交际用语的能力。这种题型形式贴近生活，能开拓学生的思维能力。做这种题时要面向整体内容，切忌片面理解。首先要把全篇对话通读一遍，了解对话的整体结构，把握对话的内容及语境，理解双方的谈话意图。抓住关键词，进行推理，使填词后组成的句子结构完整、合理。如第3小题，根据上文Could you please order some noodles for me?可知此处应是说“乐意效劳”，故答案选D。第5小题，根据下文1l North Street and my phone number is 349-8577.可知此处是问“你的地址和电话是多少？”故答案选E。(B)结合本题所设置的情境，在每个空白处填入适当的内容完成下列对话。(每小题2分，共10分)A: Hi, Tina. 41._41_?B: Not bad. Im preparing the school reading project.A: 42._42_?B: Im reading The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway.A: Wow, I know why youre good at writing stories. Do you want to be a writer?B: Yes, I do. Thats my dream.A: 43._43_?B: Well, Im going to keep on writing stories, but Im not sure if I can achieve it.A: 44._44_.It will come true if you try your best.B: 45._45_.【答案】41. Hows it going (with you)?/ Hows everything going How are you doing? 42. What are you reading? 43. How are you going to do that? / How are you going to be/ become a writer?/How will you achieve your dream?/ How will your dream come true? 44. Dont worry. /Dont give up. /I think you will./I think you can. 45. I hope (think)so. / You are right. /Thank you.【解析】文章大意：本文是Tina和A两个人的对话。A问Tina近况如何，Tina说还不错，自己正在准备学校读书计划。A又问在读什么，Tina说自己正在读海明威的老人与海。A说知道为什么Tina擅长写故事了，还问Tina想成为一名作家吗，打算怎么做。Tina说想成为一名作家是自己的梦想，今后会继续写故事，但不确定是否能做到。A安慰她说别担心，只要尽力，就会实现的。【41题详解】细节推理题。根据下文Not bad. Im preparing the school reading project.还不错，我正在准备学校读书计划。可知此处是问近况如何？故答案为：Hows it going (with you)?/ Hows everything going How are you doing?【42题详解】细节推理题。根据下文Im reading The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway.我正在读海明威的老人与海，可知此处是问你正在读什么？故答案为：What are you reading?【43题详解】细节推理题。根据下文Well, Im going to keep on writing stories, but Im not sure if I can achieve it.嗯，我将继续写故事，但我不确定我是否能做到。可知此处是问你打算怎么做？或者是你打算怎么成为一名作家？你将如何实现你的梦想？故答案为：How are you going to do that? / How are you going to be/ become a writer?/How will you achieve your dream?/ How will your dream come true?【44题详解】细节推理题。根据下文It will come true if you try your best.只要你尽力了，就会实现的。可知此处是安慰或鼓励的话语，应说别担心/别放弃/我相信你能，故答案为：Dont worry. /Dont give up. /I think you will./I think you can.【45题详解】细节推理题。根据上文Dont worry.It will come true if you tr