2018年辽宁省铁岭市中考英语试题（解析）.doc

2018年辽宁铁岭中考英语真题解析
Ⅲ.完形填空（共10分，每空1分）
根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
A young couple bought a big house from two old sisters. The sisters lived there for 30 years. The house was very nice and the couple bought it at a low ____1____. So the couple was very ____2____.
However, winter was not far away at that time. The couple was a little bit worried about how ____3____ would keep the old house warm. The house didn’t have any fireplaces or heaters (供暖设备).
At first, they planned to buy some heaters for the long cold winter. But soon, they thought that ____4____ the old sisters could stay warm and comfortable in the old house during the winter in the past, so could they. At last, they just ____5____ to wait for winter to come and did not make any preparations.
Winter arrived and temperatures soon dropped ____6____ zero. The large house became freezing cold. Frost (霜) covered the insides of its walls. Life inside the house became miserable (痛苦的).
Finally, the husband couldn’t stand it ____7____ and called the old sisters to ask them how they ____8____ to keep the house warm during the winter.
____9____ speaking to them on the phone, the husband spoke to his wife, “For the last 30 years, the sisters have spent every winter on ____10____ in Thailand.”
“Oh, my god!” cried his wife.
1. A. price B. voice C. noise D. degree
2. A. relaxed B. excited C. serious D. upset
3. A. she B. they C. it D. he
4. A. though B. unless C. if D. while
5. A. refused B. decided C. afforded D. hated
6. A. over B. above C. below D. behind
7. A. politely B. anywhere C. anymore D. luckily
8. A. managed B. wanted C. offered D. planned
9. A. Before B. After C. Without D. For
10. A. land B. bed C. grass D. vacation
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一对夫妻从一对老姐妹手中买了一套大房子。房子里没有暖气，夫妻本以为老姐妹在这里住了30年冬天应该不太冷。但是到了冬天，气温急剧下降，屋内特别寒冷，夫妻俩难以忍受。于是打电话给老姐妹问问她们如何度过这寒冷的冬天，没想到，每到冬天姐妹俩就去泰国度假了！
【1题详解】
句意：房子很漂亮，那对夫妇以很低的价格买下了它。
price价格；voice嗓音；noise噪音；degree程度。根据“A young couple bought a big house from two old sisters.”可知，夫妻俩低价购买了这套房子，at a low price以低价，故选A。
【2题详解】
句意：所以这对夫妇非常激动。
relaxed放松的；excited激动的；serious严肃的；upset沮丧的。从前文意思可推测出，夫妻俩买的房子又好，价格又低，所以心情肯定是愉快的，excited符合语境。故选B 。
【3题详解】
句意：这对夫妇有点担心如何让老房子保持温暖。
she她；they他们；it它；he他。根据下文中的“At first, they planned to buy some heaters for the long cold winter.”可知，这夫妻俩有点担心“他们”冬天如何取暖。故选B。
【4题详解】
句意：但是很快，他们想到，如果过去姐姐们可以在老房子里温暖舒适地度过冬天，那么他们也可以。
though虽然；unless除非；if如果；while当……时。“the old sisters could stay warm and comfortable in the old house during the winter in the past”是条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故选C。
【5题详解】
句意：最后，他们只是决定等待冬天的到来，没有做任何准备。
refused拒绝；decided决定；afforded负担得起；hated讨厌。“…to wait for winter to come”是他们的决定，故选B。
【6题详解】
句意：冬天到了，气温很快降到了零度以下。
over在……上；above在……上；below在……下；behind在……后面。根据“The large house became freezing cold.”可推知，温度很快跌至了零度以下，below符合语境。故选C。
【7题详解】
句意：最后，丈夫实在受不了了，打电话给两个姐姐，问她们冬天是怎么让房子保持温暖的。
politely礼貌地；anywhere任何地方；anymore不再；luckily幸运地。not…anymore不再，固定搭配。故选C。
【8题详解】
句意：最后，丈夫实在受不了了，打电话给两个姐姐，问她们冬天是怎么让房子保持温暖的。
managed设法成功；wanted想要；offered提供；planned计划。分析“how they…to keep the house warm during the winter”可知，此处是manage to do sth设法成功做某事，故选A。
【9题详解】
句意：在和她们通完电话后，丈夫对妻子说：“过去30年，两姐妹每年冬天都去泰国度假。”
Before在……之前；After在……之后；Without没有；For为了。根据下文“For the last 30 years, the sisters have spent every winter on…in Thailand.”可知，这是在和两姐妹通过电话之后所说的话。故选B。
【10题详解】
句意：在和她们通完电话后，丈夫对妻子说：“过去30年，两姐妹每年冬天都去泰国度假。”
land陆地；bed床；grass草地；vacation假期。 on vacation度假，固定短语，故选D。
Ⅳ.阅读理解（共20分，每小题1分）
根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个正确答案。
Passage 1
I'm Jenny. I was moved by a story last summer. When I went to a friend's house as a guest，I found a wooden sign hung on the door. It reads，“Before entering，please put down your trouble. When returning，bring back your happiness. ”
After entering the house，I saw the wife and the husband were both harmonious(和睦的)，two children were friendly and polite and warmth filled the house.
I naturally asked them about the wooden sign. The wife looked at the husband with a smile，“You tell the story. ” The husband then looked back at the wife，“You say because it was your creativity. ”
Finally，the wife said softly and slowly，“Once when I got home，I was surprised to see a sleepy and tired face in the elevator(电梯)mirror，with the worried eyes. So I thought when my children and husband faced this worried face，what would they feel? If I also faced such a face，what would I feel? Then I could imagine my children's silence and my husband's indifference(冷淡)at the dinner table. The next day，I wrote a wooden sign and hung it on the door to remind myself. As a result，the sign reminded myself and the whole family. Something surprising happened in this way. Not only our family but also the guests to our house always become happy. ”
11. The writer found a wooden sign ________.
A. on the door of her own house
B. on the door of her friend's house
C. on the wall of her friend's house
D. on the wall of her friend's office
12. It's ________idea to hang the wooden sign.
A. the wife's B. the husband's C. the family's D. the guests'
13. The words on the wooden sign mean that everyone should have a ________face before entering the house.
A. worried B. tired C. happy D. sleepy
14. “Something surprising” in the last paragraph means ________.
A. the children usually kept silent at home
B. the wife returned home with a worried face
C. the husband was indifferent at the dinner table
D. the guests to their house also become happy
15. The best title for the passage is “ ________”.
A. Bring happiness back home
B. Learn to cook food for the family
C. Hang a wooden sign on the door
D. Help family members in trouble
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了，作者去朋友家做客的时候看到门上挂着一个牌子，从中体会到了面带喜悦回家会使自己及周围的人更幸福
【11题详解】
细节理解题。从第一段中When I went to a friend's house as a guest，I found a wooden sign hung on the door. 可知，木牌是挂在朋友家的门上的。故选B。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。从第三段中You say because it was your creativity. 可知，丈夫让妻子说，因为这是妻子的创意。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。从第四段可知，妻子看到下班后镜子里的脸，一副无神、担忧的样子，意识到别人看到这样的表情心里肯定会不舒服。因此她挂了个木牌希望提醒自己保持愉快的表情。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。从句子Not only our family but also the guests to our house always become happy. 可看出，令人惊奇的事情是“来的客人也变得开心起来”。故选D。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。阅读本文知，文章主要围绕一块木牌来讲述了面带喜悦回家会使自己及周围的人更幸福。因此A选项更合适。故选A。
【点睛】我们在做阅读理解题时，就要明确初中阅读理解考查的主要内容,在此基础上,快速阅读全文,了解文章大意;在了解文章的基础上,抓住首尾句;认真仔细、逐步答题;平心静气,不急躁,仔细检查,减少误差。严格说来,阅读理解主要要求是:1.掌握阅读主旨大意,用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节;2.既理解具体事实,也理解抽象的概念;3.既理解字面意思,也理解深层含义,包括作者的态度以及意图等。
Passage 2
One morning, my dad asked me to drive him to a faraway village and pick him up at 4 pm. I parked our car at a nearby garage (修车厂). Because of several hours’ waiting time, I went to a theater. However, when the last movie finished, it was already six.
I guessed Dad would be really angry if he found out that I was late because I was watchinga movie. So I decided not to tell him the truth. When I picked him up, I apologized for being late, and told him the car had some major (严重的) repairs. I’ll never forget the look he gave me. “I’m disappointed that you feel you have to lie to me, Jason.”Dad looked at me again. “When you didn’t appear, I called the garage to ask if there were any problems. They told me you hadn’t been there.” I felt ashamed（差愧的）as1 told him the real reason. After he listened to me, Dad said, “I realize I’ve failed as a father. I’m going to walk home now and think about where I’ve gone wrong all these years to make you lie to me.”
“But Dad, it’s 18 miles!” My apologies were useless. Dad walked home that day. Seeing Dad in so much pain was an unforgettable experience. However, it also taught me an important lesson. Since that time, I have never lied to anyone.
16. During the several hours’ waiting time, the writer went to ________.
A. a theater B. a restaurant C. a museum D. a shop
17. The father knew his son told a lie by ________.
A. guessing the result B. telephoning the garage
C. asking the theater D. asking his son directly
18. His father felt ________ first when he heard his son’s lie.
A. surprised B. disappointed C. afraid D. foolish
19. The underlined word “apologized” means ________.
A. cried out B. explained the reason
C. said sorry D. did something nice
20. Which of the following is Right according to the passage?
A. The writer didn’t like to pick up his father.
B. The writer had a big fight with his father.
C. The writer never told a lie after the lesson.
D. The writer didn’t care about Dad’s feelings.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者送父亲去一个较远的地方，并答应4点来接他。作者中途去看了场电影，结束时已经6点了。为了逃过父亲的责备，作者撒了谎，但很快被父亲识破。父亲为此非常失望，并决定自己步行回家。作者深深知道自己错了，从此再也没有撒过谎。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Because of several hours’ waiting time, I went to a theater.”可知，作者去了“一个影院”。故选A。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When you didn’t appear, I called the garage to ask if there were any problems.”可知，父亲是通过给修理厂打电话知道作者撒谎的。故选B。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。由“I’ m disappointed that you feel you have to lie to me, Jason.”可知，父亲是失望的。故选B。
【19题详解】
词义猜测题。从上文可知，作者看电影耽误了时间，没能准时接父亲，所以他赶到接上父亲时，应该是跟他道歉了。因此apologized是“道歉”的意思，与said sorry近义。故选C。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。从文中可知，作者并不是不想接父亲，只是去看电影错过时间了；作者也没有和父亲吵架，只是父亲很失望的说了几句话，作者感到非常难受。因此C项最合适。故选C。
Passage 3
Now over the years, real Chinese snacks have become more popular in foreign countries.
In the United States people are eating roujiamo. Many people call roujiamo from Shanxi Province of China the “Chinese hamburger”. It has two pieces of bread with delicious meat between them. The US news blog (博客) even regards roujiamo as “the world’s first hamburger”. It is very similar to an American hamburger. In fact, it has a long history in China.
In Russia, hundreds of tanghulu were sold in just a few hours. Tanghulu is a traditional Chinese snack that is made of fruit, usually Chinese hawthorns(山楂). It is a bit like candy apples in the US. They are the hawthorns with sugar candy. A stick is pushed into the fruit so you can hold it like a lollipop(棒棒糖). Some Chinese people think tanghulu has the same shape as a bottle gourd(葫芦). That’s why it has this name. Of course, the new kind made of other fresh fruit such as strawberries and oranges has also appeared in China now.
Youtiao is like a popular snack in Spain. Some people outside China eat youtiao as well. For example, people in Malaysia eat it. They often eat it with milk tea or noodles. In Indonesia, they eat it with porridge instead of doujiang in China.
21. The US news blog regards roujiamo as__________.
A. the Chinese hamburger B. the world’s first hamburger
C. the American hamburger D. the bread with some meat
22. Tanghulu was named in the shape of________
A. gourds B. lollipops C. hawthorns D. candy apples
23. In Indonesia, people like youtiao with ______ better than doujiang in China.
A. milk tea B. noodles C. coffee D. porridge
24. According to the passage, which of the following is Right?
A. Tanghulu always sells well in American.
B. Roujiamo is one famous snack from Shanxi.
C. Tanghulu is only made of hawthorns in China.
D. There isn’t a kind of snack like youtiao in Spain.
25. The passage mainly tells us the _______ of Chinese snacks in foreign countries.
A. production B. inventions C. popularity D. histories
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C
【解析】
【分析】本文讲述了中国特有的小吃，肉夹馍，糖葫芦等，现在在全世界各地都非常的受欢迎。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。题意：美国新闻博客认为肉夹馍是…。A. the Chinese hamburger中国汉堡；B. the world’s first hamburger世界上第一个汉堡；C. the American hamburger美国的汉堡；D. the bread with some meat带肉的面包。根据文章内容The US news blog (博客) even regards roujiamo as “the world’s first hamburger”. 可知，认为它是世界上第一个汉堡，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。题意：糖葫芦以…的形状命名。A. gourds葫芦；B. lollipops棒棒糖；C. hawthorns山楂；D. candy apples糖苹果。根据文章内容Some Chinese people think tanghulu has the same shape as a bottle gourd(葫芦).有些中国人认为糖葫芦和葫芦的形状是一样的，这就是为什么它有这个名字；可知，是以葫芦的形状命名的，故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。题意：在印度尼西亚，人们喜欢就着…吃油条，而不是中国的豆浆。A. milk tea奶茶；B. noodles面条； C. coffee咖啡；D. porridge粥。根据文章内容In Indonesia, they eat it with porridge instead of doujiang in China. 他们和粥一起吃；可知，是粥，故选D。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。题意：根据短文，下列哪个选项是正确的? A. Tanghulu always sells well in American. 糖葫芦在美国销路很好。根据文章内容In Russia, hundreds of tanghulu were sold in just a few hours. 在俄罗斯，短短几个小时内就卖出了数百个糖葫芦；可知糖葫芦是在俄罗斯销量很好，而不是美国，故A项错误。B. Roujiamo is one famous snack from Shanxi. 肉夹馍是山西著名的小吃。根据文章内容Many people call roujiamo from Shanxi Province of China the “Chinese hamburger”. 许多人把来自中国山西的肉夹馍称为“中国的汉堡”；可知，肉夹馍是山西的，很出名。故B项正确。C. Tanghulu is only made of hawthorns in China. 中国糖葫芦只由山楂制成。根据文章内容They are the hawthorns with sugar candy. 它们是带糖的山楂；可知，不只是有山楂，还有糖，故C项错误。D. There isn’t a kind of snack like youtiao in Spain. 在西班牙没有像油条这样的小吃。根据文章内容Youtiao is like a popular snack in Spain. 油条在西班牙很受欢迎；可知，西班牙有油条，故D项错误。故选B。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。题意：这篇文章主要告诉我们中国小吃的…在国外。A. production产品；B. inventions发明；C. popularity受欢迎；D. histories历史。根据文章内容可知，主要讲述了，中国小吃在国外是受欢迎的，故选C。
【点睛】本篇文章主要考察细节理解题，在做细节理解题的时候，需要读懂题目内容，然后带着题目内容回文章定位，一旦定位准确，将选项内容与文章内容进行比对，符合原文即为正确选项。
Passage 4

What is the hardest sport in the world? Some people say it’s boxing (拳击), because boxing is dangerous and boxers have to be strong and fast. Other people say the hardest sport is soccer.
However, most people say the hardest sport is the triathlon (三项全能运动). A triathlon is a race that includes three sports. First, racers swim. After that they ride bicycles and finally they run. In the most common triathlon, racers swim 1.5 kilometers, bike 40 kilometers, and run 10 kilometers. The winner is the person who finishes the race first.
There is another kind of triathlon, too. It is called the “Ironman Triathlon (铁人三项)”. This triathlon is much longer. People who finish this triathlon are called “ironmen” and “ironwomen”. This is because these people are so strong that their bodies are just like iron (铁).
In the past few years, there have been other races including three sports. However, they didn’t use the word “triathlon”. That word was first used to describe a race in California in 1974.
Triathlon racers have to train very hard for their races. Many of them swim and run. A lot of people also do things like yoga (瑜伽). They have many different ways to prepare, but they all have the same goal. They want to be in perfect shape.
To be an ironman or an ironwoman, you have to be strong and smart. You should know how to save energy during the race.
26. According to the passage, most people say that the hardest sport is ________.
A. boxing B. soccer C. basketball D. triathlon
27. The triathlon includes three sports, racers have to ________.
A. box, swim and run B. swim, ride bicycles and run
C. swim, jump and box D. ride bicycles, swim and box
28 The sports players in the most common triathlon have to ride bicycles ________.
A. 1.5 kilometers B. 40 kilometers
C. 10 kilometers D. 51.5 kilometers
29. We call people who finish this triathlon “ironmen” and “ironwomen” because ________.
A. they like riding iron bikes B. they like making iron
C. they are as strong as iron D. they can get a piece of iron
30. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. what the triathlon is B. why the tri