2023年自考英语二样卷解析.doc

第一部分：阅读判断（第110题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：假如该句提供的是对的信息，选择A；假如该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；假如该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。When We Are AsleepEveryone dreams, but some people never recall their dreams, or do so very rarely. Other people always wake up with vivid recollections（回忆）of their dreams, though they forget them very quickly. In an average night of eight hours sleep, an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes, probably having three to five dreams, each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain. During dreaming, these waves move more quickly. Breathing and pulse rate also increase, and there are rapid eye movements under the eye lids, just as though the dreamer were really looking at some moving objects. These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals studied, including dogs, monkeys, cats, and elephants, and also some birds and reptiles（爬行动物). This period of sleep is called the D state. Babies experience the D state for around 50% of their sleep; the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.Dreams take the form of stories, but they may be strange and with incidents not closely connected, which make little sense. Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know. One estimate says that two-thirds of the cast of our dream dramas are friends and relations. Vision seems an essential part of dreams, except for people blind from birth. Sound and touch are senses also often aroused, but smell and taste are not frequently involved. In normal dreams, the dreamer may be taking part, or be only an observer. But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.However, the dreamer does have control over one type of dream. This type of dream is called a lucid （清醒的) dream. Not everyone is a lucid dreamer. Some people are occasional lucid dreamers. Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time. In a lucid dream, the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.1. Some people dream but cannot remember their dreams.A. True B. FalseC. Not Given显示重难点解析【答案】A【解析】根据第一段的第一句话Everyone dreams, but some people never recall their dreams, or do so very rarely.可知，该说法对的。注意题干表述是对原文某些句子的同义转述，如never代替了can，recall代替了recollect。2. In an average night of eight hours sleep, males dream longer than females.A. True B. False C. Not Given显示重难点解析【答案】C【解析】根据题干中的in an average night of eight hours sleep可以快速定位在第一段的第三句话：In an average night of eight hours sleep, an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes, probably having three to five dreams, each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.这里没有对男性和女性做梦的时间进行对比，故选择没有提及。3-10省略小贴士：千万不要受自己主观臆测的影响，要根据文章拟定对错及未提及。第二部分：阅读选择（第1115题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。Tap Dancing（踢踏舞）Most of the arts in America are a combination of ideas and influences from many sources. Tap dancing certainly fits in this category. It is truly an American art, but it has been influenced by English and Irish dance steps as well as steps from Africa.Some historians argue that tap dancing was first done by slaves on Southern plantations in North America, and that originally steps were done wearing soft-soled shoes. Irish step dancing, which also involves intricate（复杂的）foot patterns, contributed the movement of the free leg to one side and the swing of the elbows outward. Wooden clog shoes were worn as tap dancing evolved, but for a long time the steps were done flat-footed.Tap dancing developed into the form we recognize today in the early 20th century. Metal taps were added to dance shoes, and a number of new techniques were perfected. One of the most important was the change from the flat-footed step to dancing on the balls of the feet. This is commonly attributed to dancer Bill Robinson. Another was the cramp roll, in which the dancer would rapidly move from the ball of the right foot to the ball of the left, and then to the heel of each foot. This separation of the steps into distinct areas of the foot, an innovation by dancer John Bubbles, allowed dancers to improvise even more new patterns. Slides across the floor and movements up and down stairs further enlivened tap. So did relaxed arm and shoulder movements. Challenges became a common part of dance routines, with dancers competing very hard to outperform（胜过）each other with new and difficult steps.Many dancers excelled at tap and contributed to its development. Besides Bill Robinson and John Bubbles, well-known tappers have included Sammy Davis, Jr., Fred Astaire, Eleanor Powell, Gregory Hines, and Savion Glover.11. This text is mainly about _. A. famous tap dancers B. tap dancing on Southern plantationsC. tap shoes D. the development of tap dancing显示重难点解析【答案】D【解析】主旨题。通读全文可知本文重要讲了踢踏舞的发展过程。12. The phrase attributed to (Line 3, Para. 3) means _.A. credited to B. describedC. turned to D. stated as a question显示重难点解析【答案】A【解析】单词释义题。可以用代入法。credit to=attribute to=oweto13-15省略小贴士：和以前的阅读理解基本相同。第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第1625题，每题1分，共1 0分）阅读下面短文，请完毕短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第1620题后所给的6个选项中为第一段每段选择1个对的的小标题；(2)从第2125题后所给的6个选项中选择5个对的选项，分别完毕每个句子，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。The Weight ExperimentNicola Walters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a calorimeter（热量测量室）is one way to find out The signs above the two rooms read simply Chamber One and Chamber Two. These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads Please do not enter-work in progress and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer. Nicola Walters is one of twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness programme. A self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advertisement for volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out. The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 am on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis. The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. The first time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time, says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled（踩踏板) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didnt go too fast. It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.Task l16. Paragraph 17. Paragraph 18. Paragraph 19. Paragraph 20. Paragraph A. What does the calorimeter look like inside?B. What programme was designed for the experiment?C. What is a calorimeter?D. What kind of foods are to peoples taste?E. How do the volunteers kill the time?F. Why did Nicola join in the experiments?16. Paragraph 显示重难点解析【答案】C【解析】第一段重要讲了实验所需要的设备和条件，前面的内容重要针对calorimeter做了相关描述。17. Paragraph 显示重难点解析【答案】F【解析】第二段重要介绍了Nicola自愿参与这一实验的意图和目的，虽然没有超重问题，但出于对饮食调节和身材的保持，她选择加入这一项目。18-20省略小贴士：本部分考察学生的概括能力，读懂首句是关键，由于首句往往是主题句。Task 221. The machinery outside the calorimeters records everything _.显示重难点解析【答案】A【解析】根据题干中的关键词calorimeters和record定位在第一段。从第一段第三句话特别是后半句Outside these rooms another sign reads Please do not enter-work in progress and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make.可知答案为A。此处register和record属同义替换。22. Nicola Walters had time for the experiments _.显示重难点解析【答案】E【解析】根据题干中的关键词Nicola Walters定位在第二段，关键句是第二段的第三句话A self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work.23-25省略 A. the volunteers do. B. because she does not have a weight problem. C. because the life there can be very boring. D. make people overeat. E. because she was her own boss. F. so as to control the speed.小贴士：根据题干中的关键词回到原文中快速进行定位是取得高分的诀窍，同时要观测题干的结构及备选答案的结构以快速缩小范围。第四部分：填句补文（第2630题，每题2分，共1 0分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Teaching Children to Spend Pocket Money WiselySchool-going children need pocket money for food, stationery and bus fares. Parents give pocket money to their children in different ways. Some give a lump sum at the beginning of a month or a week. Others prefer to give pocket money on a daily basis. 26 On the other hand, the childrens spending habits may affect how pocket money is given.Pocket money given on a daily basis is sometimes termed as food money. Children usually use the pocket money to buy food during recess and also at lunch hour if they have school activities in the afternoon. They learn how to manage small sums of money. 27 Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending（过度消费）, hoping that in time they can be trusted with larger sums of money.Giving pocket money on a daily basis places responsibilities of budgeting on the parents, instead of the child. The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money by overindulging in junk food as they know they will get another sum of money the next day. This results in children being shortsighted in their spending. The thought of saving money never crossed their minds. 28 Others spend more than they are given. They borrow from their siblings or their classmates when they feel like indulging themselves. Then they may ask for money to pay off their debts. This habit of borrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems. In such instances, the purpose of rationing is defeated.Children need to learn how to budget their money. The key to doing this is to differentiate between needs and wants. 29 This habit, when inculcated since young, stands them in good stead when they start working and earning their own money. It enables them to resist the temptation of buy now and pay later schemes.Formation of any habit starts at a tender age. There is no better way to teach children to manage money than to start with their pocket t money. They need to learn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarten days. 30 When children learn to spend within their means, they are able to manage their finances well later in their lives.A. It is a good idea to start with daily pocket money and move on to monthly pocket money.B. The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved.C. Buy the necessary first, and indulge ourselves only if there is money left.D. As the money is limited, they have to control their spending.E. Parents who earn daily wages may also opt for this due to financial constraints.F. They may develop the mentality that money is meant to be spent.26. 显示重难点解析【答案】B【解析】根据空格前出现的way和give，后面出现的give，spend和affect，这些都是解题线索，应引起考生的注意，这是答题的关键。前面提到父母给孩子零花钱的不同方式，后面提到孩子的花钱习惯影响父母给他们零花钱的方式。只有B才干更好地衔接上下文。27. 显示重难点解析【答案】D【解析】第二段重要讲父母天天给孩子一次零花钱对孩子的影响。They learn how to manage small sums of money. 27 Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending,空格前提到孩子如何花手中有限的钱，后面提到一些父母使用这种方法来控制孩子的过度消费，可知应选D。注意D中的limited和空格前的small呼应，control和空格后的prevent呼应，体现了内容的一致性。28-30省略小贴士：所填的句子起着承上启下的作用，看懂上下句是解题的关键，同时注意看上下句中的关键词，会有呼应现象。还要注意观测同段的句子结构等细节内容。第五部分：填词补文（第3140题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中，10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。A. required E. increase I. decisionB. rose F. began J. easyC. pulled G. interests K. struggleD. extra H. primarily L. currently解题方法：把词分类动词 名词 形容词 副词A. required E. increase（间类词） D. extra H. primarilyB. rose G. interests J. easy L. currentlyC. pulled I. decisionE. increase K. struggleF. beganK. struggle（引申为：困难，艰巨的任务）Teach Your Kids at HomeAs most kids went back to school at the beginning of the semester in the fall, a small but growing army of parents just said no to school. Some people like Jean Forbes thought their children needed 31 Dattention. Forbes is a former actress whose current career is teaching her two sons. Her son Allen is dyslexic（有诵读困难的）. She 32 Chim out of public school six years ago because she felt teachers werent helping him enough.Other parents want to give their kids the chance to follow their 33 Grather than a textbook. Outside Los Angeles, Nancy Kinseys kids are studying bats right now. They study everything from their diet to their wing span（翼展） to the specifics of their natural habitat. They have even built a bat house in the backyard, and this task 34 Amany hours of practical math problems.后三段省略。小贴士：把词分类，然后根据所缺的句子成分去分析所需的词类，大大缩小选择范围，从而提高对的率。第六部分：完形补文（第4150题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其对的的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。The Environment: Our ResponsibilityThese days it is impossible(possible) to open a newspaper without reading about the damage we are doing to the environment. The earth is being 41 threatened(threaten) and the future looks bad. What can each of us do?We cannot clean up our 42 polluted(pollute) rivers and seas overnight. Nor can we stop the 43 disappearance(appearance) of plants and animals. But we can stop adding to the problem while 44 scientists(science) search for answers, and laws are passed in natures 45 defense/defence(defend). 剩余内容省略。小贴士：类似于以往考试中的词形转换的形式，注重句子结构的分析，分析句子成分是对的答题的关键。第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分）下面是一篇某杂志编辑部的读者征稿启事，请根据其规定撰写一篇150词左右的英语短文。将短文写在答题卡相应的位置上。Technology in the HomeTechnology is everywhere today, especially in the home. Wed like you, the readers, to write a short article telling us two things y