【备考2019】中考英语专题复习导学案：代词.doc

年中考英语专题复习导学案：代词代词的概念：代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词(he/ she)、物主代词(my/his)、反身代词(themselves, herself)、指示代词(this/that/ these/ those)、相互代词(each other)、不定代词(someone/ everything)、疑问代词（who/what）等。考点一：首先注意人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的各种形式名称单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格Iyouhe, she, itthey宾格youusyou物主代词形容词性myhis, her, itsyourtheir名词性ourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfourselves【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1. _ is my son. Do you like to play with _? A. You, you B. She, her C. I, me D. He, him( ) 2. -Is this _ ruler? -No. _ is over there.A. her, Her B. her, Hers C. hers, Hers D. hers, He考点二：人称代词的主格和宾格的区别【例句观察】1) He is so kind that we all like him. 2) She is ill in hospital and her mother is looking after her.【归纳总结】人称代词的主格作主语，放在_之前；宾格作宾语，放在_或_之后；记忆技巧: 主语用主格，宾语用宾格，属于谁所有用所有格。【中考真题再现】( )1.My father is ill in bed. I have to look after _at home. A. he B. his C. him D.himself考点三：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别【例句观察】1) This is my bag, and that is yours (= your bag).2) Their school is much bigger than ours ( our school).【归纳总结】形容词性物主代词只能作_(定语/表语)，修饰后面所接的_；而名词性物主代词相当于“_ + _”，其后_接名词？【中考真题再现】( )1.Is that _dog? No. _ is white. A. his; His B. her; His C. he; His D. her; Her( )2. Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. It doesnt matter. You can have Eg: I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come.( )3.What I want to say is this: pronunciation is very important in learning English._. A. we B. us C. our D. ours考点四：it的用法1、 作形式主语、形式宾语。1) Its + adj. + (for/of sb) +to do sth. “对某人来说做某事”【例句观察】1）Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2）Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。【归纳总结】for sb. 常用于表示_(人物/事物)的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等；of sb. 常用于一般用表示_(人物/事物)的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, humorous ,stupid等。3）主语+ find (make/ think/ feel) + it (is ) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sth主语+ found (made / thought/ felt) + it (was) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sthe.g.: Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line? =Do you think it is necessary to learn to wait in line?【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1、_is kind of him to give us a hand. A. That B. It C. You D. He( ) 2、I feel _ necessary to have sports every day. A. you B. that C. it D. it was2、指婴儿或不明身份、性别的人以及谈话的双方都知道的人和事。【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1、Who is standing over there? _. A. Its me B. Its I C. I am D. I knock( ) 2、Who is that man? _ must be our headmaster. A. He B. It C. That D. Its3、指天气、时间或距离等。e.g.: 1) It is sunny today. Lets go out for a walk.2) Its eight oclock now. Its time for class. 3）Its ten kilometers from my home to school.考点五：反身代词不做主语，可作宾语、表语及同位语，必须与被指代的人在人称和数上保持一致，意义为“本人”、“亲自”。反身代词的必考词组_玩得开心 _自学 _单独；独自hurt oneself 伤着某人自己_照顾某人自己_照顾某人自己 _请随意（吃）devote oneself to (致力于); _ (自已穿);make oneself at home(随便些,请不要拘束); _(让别人懂得自已的话)_苏醒 _陶醉于【中考真题再现】( ) 1. Hi, guys. How was your party yesterday?( 江苏南京) -Wonderful! We had a big meal and enjoyed _.A. themselves B. myself C. yourselves D. ourselves( ) 2.Miss Zhang enjoyed _ in the party the day before yesterday.A. her B. oneself C. themselves D. herself ( ) 3.Jim, help _ to some fruit. -Thank you! （ 山东聊城） A. you B. yours C. yourself D. yourselves( )4. Boys, dont lose _in playing Angry Birds. It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time. A. himself B. yourself C. themselves D. yourselves 考点六：指示代词 指示代词包括：this, that , these, those1.this和these 一般用来指在时间或空间上较_(近、远)的事物或人； that 和those则指时间或空间上较_(近、远)的事物或人。2. 有时that 和those 指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these 则是指下面将要讲到的事物。3.电话用语 通常用this指代自己，that指代对方4. that指代同一类别中的另一个，可用来代替可数和不可数名词，指代可数名词复数时用those，通常用于含有比较级别的句子中。5.代词one, it, that的用法辨析one指代同一类别中的另一个，用来代替可数名词单数，其复数形式为ones。it指代同一个人或物，代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。that指代同一类别中的另一个，可用来代替可数和不可数名词，指代可数名词时其复数为those，通常用于含有比较级别的句子中。【中考真题再现】( ) 1. _ Tom, who _?A. I am, are you B. This is, is that C. I am, is that D. This is, are you ( ) 2. -Hello, _ Mr. Green? -Sorry, he is out. Please call him later.A. are you B. you are C. is that D. is this( ) 3. The population of China is much larger than _ of Russia. A. that B. this C. those D. it ( ) 4. What kind of house would you like? （ 辽宁鞍山） -Id like _with a garden in front of _. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it( )5.Ive got several novels written by Mo Yan. You can borrow _ if you like. A. it B. one C. every D. either考点七：不定代词some 一些any 任何的one一个none一个没有many许多every 每个each每个both两个much许多another另一个either（两者）任何一个neither两个都不few很少little很少other(s)其余【中考真题再现】( ) 1、We have two foreign teachers here. One is from England, and _ is from American. A. another B. the other C. other D. the another( )2. I have two sisters, but _of them is a teacher.( 山东潍坊) A. all B. neither C. both D. none ( ) 1、We have two foreign teachers here. One is from England, and _ is from American. A. another B. the other C. other D. the another( )2. I have two sisters, but _of them is a teacher.( 山东潍坊) A. all B. neither C. both D. none考点八：复合不定代词的用法onebodythingsomesomeoneanyeveryeverybodynonothing【例句观察】 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情告诉你。（肯定句）Would you like something to drink? 你想要点儿喝的吗？（请求） I cant see anything in the dark room. 在这个黑暗的房间里我什么也看不见。（否定句）Anything is possible. 一切皆有可能。（肯定句）If you have any questions, please ask me. 有问题请问我。（条件句）Everyone is here today. 今天大家都来齐了。【归纳总结】(1) some- 类复合不定代词多用于肯定句及表示_疑问句中；any-类复合不定代词多用于_、_和_中，也可用与肯定句中，意为“任何人”或“任何事”。(2) 复合不定代词被形容词所修饰时，形容词要放在不定代词的_。(3)不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语通常用_。【中考真题再现】( ) 1. If _ comes to ask for this book, you can sell it. A. someone B. anyone C. nothing D. something( ) 2. I asked her for _milk, but she didnt have _. A. any; some B. some; any C. some; some ( ) 3. What did you buy for you r daughter at the supermarket? -I bought _, because I couldnt find _ she likes.A. something; anything B. anything ; something C. nothing; anything D. something; nothing考点九：疑问代词的基本用法1、who (谁，主格) whom (谁，宾格)，whose(谁的，所有格) ,what(什么)，which(哪个，哪些)2、Who (Whom) are you taking the book to? (作介词的宾语) To whom did you speak on the campus（校园）?（作介词的宾语）【中考真题再现】( ) 1、-_ that new bike over there? -I think its _. A. Whos ; Sam B. Whos ; Sams C. Whose is; Sam D. Whose is ; Sams( ) 2、 -_ won the 100th old at the Olympic Games for China? -Zhang Yining. Shes from Beijing. A. Who B. What C. When D. Where ( ) 3、 Excuse me, _ is the way to the nearest supermarket? A. where B. which C. why D. who1. 中考怎么考？1. Excuse me, but is that my passport?Oh, sorry, I took _ by mistake.A. yours B. mine C. hers D. his 2.Can he ask Mr. Black for help?Sorry. He should solve the problem by (he). 3. What do you want most?A room of _own.A. I B. me C. my D. mine2. 中考考什么？1. 人称代词 人称代词的主格和宾格意思一样，用法不同He is a student. (主格，做主语)We must help him and look after him. （宾格，在动词help和介词after后做宾语）01. We have friends to help us fight against pollution, and trees are one of _A. themselvesB. they C. their D. them 02. 【重庆市A】Aunt Tina will visit us soon. _ is arriving tomorrow morning.A. He B. She C. His D. Her03. 【德州】I cant find my English book. Could you help _ find it?A. her B. him C. me D. them04. 【聊城】My friend showed _ some old photos of his family.A. my B. I C. me D. mine2. 物主代词 形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词意思一样，用法不同形容词性的物主代词，后面必须接名词 例: This is her book. （her后必须接名词）名词性的物主代词，后面不能接名词 例: This book is hers. （hers后不能接名词）05. Is this _ bike?No, its Lilys. _ is over there.A. your; My B. your; Mine C yours; Mine D. yours; My 06. Excuse me, is this _ new pencil sharpener?Yes, its _. He bought it just now.A. Toms; his B. Tom; his C. Toms; hers D. Toms; yours07. Thats _ brothers shirt. It isnt _. A. my, your B. yours, mine C. hers, hisD. his, yours08. Is this red bag yours?No, it isnt. _ is that black one.A. Your B. I C. My D. Mine3. 复合不定代词的用法表示单数例: There is something wrong with his bike.复合不定代词 + 形容词 例: There is nothing new in this book.some一类用于肯定句例：I have some English books.any一类用于否定和疑问句，例：Do you have anything to eat?4. some 和any的特殊用法any可用于肯定句，表示“任何”的意思例：You may take any of them.你可以拿走其中的任何一个。some用于期望得到肯定的回答或请求邀请的问句中例：Would you like some bananas? -Yes, please.要吃些香蕉吗？-是的，请拿些给我。09. 【湖南益阳】29.You have just read the newspaper. Did you find _in it?A. interesting anything B. anything interesting C. interesting something.10. 【江苏苏州】13. Your tea smells great!Its from India. Would you like _?A. it B. thisC. someD. little11. 【河北】30. You dont have a drink. Can I get you ?A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything12. 【北京】Look! The clock has stopped. Maybe theres _ wrong with it.A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing13. I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldnt find _ suitable. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 14. 【潍坊】A smile costs _, but gives so much. So we should learn to smile. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything15. Whats the article about? -Its about _ in China. And the government has worked well in controlling the population.A. something important B. important something C. anything important5. 反身代词：oneself 某人自己介词，动词后 + 反身代词 例:He hurt himself. 他弄伤了他自己。He can look after himself. 他能照看他自己。作同位语，表示“本人，亲自”。在主语后面或句尾都可以。 例: The farmer himself came to school yesterday. =The farmer came to school yesterday himself.昨天，农夫本人亲自到学校来了。反身代词常用于下列词组：by oneself独自 Help oneself to sth 随便吃东西teach oneself= learn- by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩的高兴16. 【广州】18. The man called his professor for help because he couldnt solve the problem by _. A. herself B. himself C. yourself D. themselves 17. 【长沙】My sister is old enough to dress _ now.A. himself B. herself C. myself18. 【重庆市B】Help _ to some fish, Jeff.A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself19. 【陕西】Dont worry. Were old enough to look after _.A. myself B. me C. ourselves D. us20. 【滨州】The song I Believe I Can Fly tells us that believing in _ is very important.A. themselves B. itself C. ourselves D. yourselves21. I guess Tom and his sister Celia enjoyed _ at the party. A. myself B. himself C. herself D. themselves6. it的用法：表示时间：It is 6:30 now. 现在时间是6：30.表示天气：It is very cold today. 今天天气很冷。表示距离：It is 5 kilometers from here to school. 从这里到学校，距离是5公里。代替不定式：I find it difficult to go to sleep. (it= to go to sleep) 我发现入睡很困难。代替动词的ing形式：I find it important talking to the students. (it= talking to the students)我发现和学生交谈很困难。代替一个句子：It is a pity that you didnt come to our party. (it= that you didnt come to our party)你没有来我们的聚会是一个遗憾。指性别不详，或身份不明者：Who is the baby? -It is me. (性别不详)Who is knocking at the door? Is it Mr King? （身份不明）22. We decide to make _ a rule for us room-mate to turn off the light at 10:30pm.A. that B. this C. it D. one23. Most young people find _ exciting to watch a football match. A. it B. this C. that D. one一网打尽：1. Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.Why _? John is sitting there doing nothing at all.A. I B. me C. myself D. mine2. We must protect plants. They are friends of _. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 3. Oh, your shirt is the same_. A. as me B. with her C. with mine D. as hers4. At present, children mean _ to most parents in China.A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something5. Morning, class. Is _ here today?No, sir. Tom is absent. He is ill at home. A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. somebody6. The air in Dongying is much worse than that in many other cities. We must do_ to protect our environment. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything7. This work needs close teamwork. _ will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything8. _ may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.A. None B. NobodyC. SomebodyD. Everybody9. Look! Sonia looks worried. There must be _ wrong with her. A. nothing B. something C. anythingD. everything10. Look, _ is dancing under the tree. Oh, thats my cousin, Anna. A. everybody B. anybody C. nobody D. somebody11. Our mother earth gives us _ we need in our daily life.A. nobody B. nothing C. everybody D. everything12. The iPad isnt _. It belongs to _. A. he; me B. hers; mine C. his; me D. her; mine 13. This morning Diana invited _to _birthday party.A. I; her B. I; hers C. me; her D. me; hers14. Mom, Im old enough to wash _own clothes and _. You can have a rest after work.A. my; yourB. my; yoursC. your; myD. yours; mine15. Morning, class. Is _ here?No, sir. Tom is absent. A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. somebody 16. Does Miss White like sports?Yes, _ favorite sport is tennis. A. he B. she C. his D. her17. We have noticed the problems，and _ will be discussed at the meeting. A. you B. it C. they D. u