初一英语上学期知识点.doc

Unit 1 My name’s Gina
语法：1，形容性物主代词：my(我的) your(你的) his/her/its(他/她/它的)
our(我们的) your(你们的) their(他们的)
后面需要接名词，修饰名词，做前置定语。在句中可作主语，宾语等成分。
My book is here. This is my boos.
2，主格：I you he/she/it we you they
在句中作主语，一般放句首，后面紧跟am/is/are及其他动词
I’m a student. She looks great.
Unit 2 Is this your pencil?
句型：1，Is this your pencil? Yes,it is.
2,Is this my pen? No,it isn’t
3,Is that his book? Yes,it is.
4,How do you spell it? = Can you spell it,please? = Spell it,please.
5,Call Alan at 495-3539.
Call me/him/her/them. 给我/他/她/他们打电话.
Call 4953539 拨打4953539
Call sb at+电话号码 拨打…….找某人
6,Is that your computer game in the lost and found case？
7,a set of keys a set of+名词复数
语法1，句中含be(am,is,are)一般疑问句的变法：把be提前，如果句中有my变your，I变
You，其他照抄不变。肯定回答yes,主语+am/is/are 否定回答 No,主语+am not/aren’t/isn’t
.注意：回答时主语如果是物品单数或者this/that的话，用it代替主语，如果是复数人和物品
用they替代。
2，be动词的用法口诀：I am, you are, is 他/她/它(he/she/it),单数is 复数 are .Be动词跟随主语的变化而变化。
Unit 3 This is my sister.
句型：1，Is this your sister? No,it isn’t.
Is she your sister? No,she isn’t.
2,This is my friend.
These are my friends.
That is my brother.
Those are my brothers.
3,Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo.
photo of your family = your family photo
语法；可数名词单数变复数：一般情况下加s，book-books，以s,x,sh,ch,结尾的加es watch-watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改为i再加es ,family-families 以o结尾的有生命的加es，无生命的加s，tomato-tomatoes,photo-photos
Unit 4 Where’s my backpack?
句型: Where’s the baseball? It’s in the backpack.
Where’smy computer game? It’s under the bed.
Where are his keys? They’re on the dresser.
Where are your books? They’re on the chair.
Where are her keys? They’re on the table.
Where are you? I’m at school/
Is it on the dresser? No,it isn’t.
Please take these things to your sister.
Can you bring some things to school?
The book is on the floor.
语法：1，询问人或物品在哪里，我们用where, 结构为where+is/are+人/物品名称？“……在哪里”回答用 主语+is/are+in/at/under/on/near+地点。
注意：表示“在……地方”地点前要用定冠词the或者形容词性物主代词 my/your/his/their 修饰，但是两者不能同时出现，我们可以说in the room,in my room 但是绝对不可以in the my room.
词语用法1，take v.带走，把人或物品带到别的地方去，take…to… 把…带到….去
bring v. 带来，把人或物品从别的地方带到说话的地方来 bring…to… 把…带到…来
2，please 后接动词用原型
Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?
句型：Do you have a TV? Yes,I do/No,I don’t.
Do they have a computer? Yes,they do/No,they don’t.
Does he have a tennis racket? Yes,he does/No,he doesn’t.
Does she have a soccer ball? Yes, she does/No,she doesn’t.
Does he have a ping-pong ball? Yes,he does/No,he doesn’t/
Let’s play soccer.
Let me help you.
I don’t have a soccer ball.
That sounds good.
语法：句中不含be(am,is,are)动词的一般疑问句的变法。也就是说句中谓语动词是实义动词是，要变为一般疑问句，在句首加do/does（当主语是第三人称单数的时候用does）,第一人称变第二人称，动词变原型，其他的语序不变。I have a computer.-Do you have a computer?
She likes playing ping-pong.-Does she like playing ping-pong.肯定回答用yes，主语+do/does.否定回答用No,主语+don’t/doesn’t.
2,一般句子中当主语是第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词要起变化。具体的变化为：一般情况加s,know-knows,以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es，teach-teaches,go-goes,以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i，再加es study-studies
3,do/does 叫做助动词（语法需要加上去翻译不出来的动词）时，后面接动词原形，Does he like reading? She doesn’t like reading. She doesn’do her homework.
但是如果做实义动词（能翻译出来意思的动词）呢，遇到主语第三人称单数就要起变化。
She does her homework.
4,have的第三人称单数为has.
5,let sb do sth 让某人做某事 （sb代表人，如果是代词用宾格，do代表动词原形）
6，play+球类 表示“踢，打，玩….”play football
play+the+乐器 表示“弹奏…..乐器”play the piano
Unit 6 Do you like bananas?
句型：Do you like salad? Yes,I do./No,I don’t.
Does he like pears? Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.
I like oranges. I don’t like oranges.
Running star eats lots of healthy food.
语法：句中谓语动词是实义动词的陈述句，变否定形式在实义动词前加don’t/doesn’t(主语是第三人称单数是用doesn’t)
like doing sth/like to do sth 喜欢做某事
I like swimming. She likes to eat hamburgers.
Unit 7 How much ar these pants?
句型：How much is the red sweater? It’s eight dollars.
What’s the price of the red sweater? It’s eight dollars.
How much are there black pants? They’re ten dollars.
What’s the price of these black pants? They’re ten dollars.
Can I help you?=what can I do for you?
Yes,please.iwant a sweaer.
What color do you want? Blue.
Here you are. How much is it?
Nine dollars. I’ll take it.
Anyone can afford our prices.
Come ane see for yourself at HuaXing Clothes store.
We have sweater at a very good price.
You can buy socks for only $1 each.
The girl in red is my friend.
The green shorts are on sale for $25.
结构：询问价格 How much + is/are +物品名称？
What’s the price of + 物品名称？ …..多少钱？
回答：It’s/They’re + 价格
Unit 8 When is your birthday
句型：When is your birthday? My birthday is November 11th.
When is Liu Ping’s birthday? Her birthday is on September 5th.
When is his birthday? It’s March 21st
语法：月份前用介词in，in May 在六月，但是具体到某一天用介词on，on May 1st.
Unit 9 Do you want to go to a movie?
句型：Do you want to go to a movie? Yes,I do/No,I don’t.
Does he want to go to a movie? Yes, he does./No,he doesn’t.
What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
I like thrillers and I like Beijing Opera.
I like comedies but I don't’ like documentaries.
She often goes to see Chinese action movies on weekends.
She thinks she can learn about Chinese history.
He really likes his movies.
Mike’s father likes it,too! = Mike’s father also like it.
I think it’s boring/exciting/interesting/relaxing.
She is bored/excited/interested/realxed.
语法：too,also 也，都用于肯定句中，但是also用于句中，too用于句末，且用逗号隔开。
Unit 10 Can you play the guitar?
句型：Can you dance? Yes,I can/No,I can’t.
Can he paint? Yes,he can./No,he can’t.
Can she speak English? Yes,she can./No,she can’t.
What club do you want to join? We want to join the chess club.
I want to join the basketball club.
What can you do? I can play the guitar.
Are you good with kids?
Can you help kids with swimming?
Come and join us!
Musician wanted for school music festival.
Can you draw? Yes,a little.I want to learn about art.
Do you have an e-mail address?
语法：一般疑问句总结：be动词提前型，句首加助动词do/does型，can/could/may/will/would
等情态动词开头型，回答一律用yes/no回答。注意，助动词和情态动词后接动词一定用原形。
结构：1，join 与 join in 的区别
join 参加，指参加某项活动
join in加入，着重加入某种组织，团体，政党并成为其中一员。
2，help sb do sth/help sb wih doing sth 帮助某人做某事
3，be good at=be well in 在….擅长，擅长于….
4，learn about sth 学习有关于…….
Unit 11 What time do you go to school?
句型：What time do you usually get up?
I usually get up at five o’clock.
What time does he eat breakfast?
He eat breakfast at seven o’clock.
What time does she go to school?
She goes to school at eight o’clock.
He brushes his teeth and has a shower.
What a funny time to eat breakfast!
He takes the number 17 bus to a hotel.
The bus usually takes him to work at 9:15.
People love to listen to him.
He goes to bed at 8:30.
Can you think what his job is?
Please write and tell me about your morning.
Please write soon.
语法：
时间表达法1，直接表达法，8:20 eight twenty
2,间接表达法 分钟+to+时钟 “表示几点差几分”
3:40 twenty to four
分钟+past+时钟 “表示几点过几分”
3:20 twenty past three
a quarter to three 3:15
three quarter past five 5:45
half past six 6:30
2，what time 问具体的时间，具体到几点
When 问时间，范围比what time广，可以是具体的时间，也可以是大概的时间
结构：take sb to sp 带某人去某地
listen to 听
wrire to sb 写信给某人
tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关于某事
tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事

22、绿色植物的一些细胞能进行光合作用，制造养料，它们好像是一个个微小的工厂。 Unit 12 My favouite subject is science.

第一单元 微小世界句型：What’s your favorite subject?
My favorite subject is math.

4、填埋场在填满垃圾以后，可以在上面修建公园、体育场、但是不能用来建筑房屋和种植庄稼。What’s his favorite subject?
His favorite subject is art.
What’s her favorite subject?

21、血液中的细胞好像运输兵，负责运输吸入的氧气和产生的二氧化碳。Her favorite subject is P.E.
What subject do you like best?
I like math best.
Why do you like math?
Because it’s interesting.
Why does he like art?
Because it’s fun.
Who is your art teacher?

18、北斗七星构成勺形，属于大熊座，北极星属于小熊座。Our art teacher is Ms.Jones.

1、我们每天都要消耗食物和各种各样的生活用品，与此同时，也产生了许多垃圾。I’m really busy doing my homework.

6、月球是一个不发光、不透明的球体，我们看到的月光是它反射太阳的光。She is busy with her work.
I have science.
It’s too diffiult.

16、大量的研究事实说明生命体都是由细胞组成的，生物是由细胞构成的。我们的皮肤表面，每平方厘米含有的细胞数量超过10万个。I’m really tired of watching TV.
I like to play with my dog.

20、在观星过程中，我们看到的天空中有一条闪亮的“银河”光带，实际是由许许多多的恒星组成的一个恒星集团，被人们称为银河系。我们生活的地球在银河系。He is always running around with me.
结构：1，favorite=like…..best 最喜爱……
2，Be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

21、血液中的细胞好像运输兵，负责运输吸入的氧气和产生的二氧化碳。Be busy with sth 忙于某事
3，be tired of doing sth 做…..感到厌烦