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1、上海上海外国语大学附属双语学校 中考英语 语法填空训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析一、英语语法填空汇编1阅读下面短文,在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空1个单词。 Dear Ms. Zhang, Last week, my friend Liu Lei came round with a new computer game and asked to play it on my dads computer. I was worried, _(连词)I should ask my dad before I use his computer. He uses it for _(h

2、e) work, and I can only use it for my homework. The reason is that he thinks something will go wrong if I play _(game) on it. Well, while my dad was out, we decided to _(try) out Liu Leis game. We copied it to the computer, and after we finished _(play), we took it off the computer. However, when I_

3、(start) the computer again to check if everything was OK, some of my dads documents were missing. Then, when my dad used the computer last night, he was _(real) angry. He could no longer find the important documents anywhere. I did not tell him about_(冠词)computer game because I did not want him to b

4、e angry _(介词)me. Now I feel terrible. I am not sure whether a computer repair _(shop) can get the documents back. Should I tell him about the computer game? Should I pay to repair it? Your student,Feng Guoxing【答案】 because/since/as;his;games;try;playing;started;really;the;with;shop 【解析】【分析】大意:短文主要介绍了

5、学生Feng Guoxin在他爸爸的电脑上打游戏,结果导致了一些重要文件的丢失。爸爸很生气,因此Feng Guoxin不知道是否该向爸爸坦白游戏的事,他为此烦恼并向张老师倾诉。 (1)句意:我很担心,因为我在使用电脑之前应该问一下我爸爸。根据 I was worried我很担心,可知是因为我在使用电脑之前应该问一下我爸爸,应用连词 because/since/as表“因为”。故答案为 because/since/as 。 (2)句意:他用电脑来工作。根据形容词修饰名词,可知此处应用he的形容词性物主代词his来修饰名词work。故答案为his。 (3)句意:如果我在上面玩游戏。根据前面无不定冠

6、词和单数限定词,可知此处应用名词game的复数形式games。故答案为games。 (4)句意:我们决定试试刘磊的游戏。根据固定搭配decide to do sth.决定去做某事,可知此处应用动词try的原形。故答案为try。 (5)句意:在我们玩完游戏之后。根据固定搭配finish doing sth.完成做某事,可知此处应用动词play的ing形式playing。故答案为playing。 (6)句意:然而,当我重启电脑去检查一切是否正常的时候,我爸爸的一些重要文件不见了。根据上文谓语took,可知动作为过去发生,本句时态应为一般过去时,此处应用动词start的过去式started。故答案为

7、started。 (7)句意:他真的很生气。根据副词修饰形容词,可知此处应用形容词real的副词形式really修饰形容词angry。故答案为really。 (8)句意:我没有告诉他关于电脑游戏的事。根据computer game电脑游戏,可知此处特指刘磊的电脑游戏,表特指应用定冠词the。故答案为the。 (9)句意:因为我不想他对我生气。根据固定搭配be angry with sb.对某人生气,可知此处应用介词with。故答案为with。 (10)句意:我不确定电脑维修店能不能找回不见的文件。根据不定冠词a,可知此处应用可数名词单数shop。故答案为shop。 【点评】考查语法填空,注意根

8、据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。2阅读下面材料,在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空1个单词) A group of boys gathered around a tree. What a tall tree! they said to each other. It would be exciting to climb to the top! The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could _(climb) to the top of the tree first

9、. Their _(mother) were sitting not far away, looking on at them as they played. One of the climbers was_(冠词)8-year-old boy named David. He was the_ (short) child in the group. Nobody thought he would win the competition. Then the game started. All of the boys tried _( they 1 best to climb as high as

10、 they could. _(连词)they all made it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree first in the end. His mother was proud to see this. She asked him, David, how did you manage to reach the top of the tree so _(quick)? It was easy, David said. The other children _( keep) looking

11、down as they climbed. When they realized how high they were, they got scared and were afraid of _(fall) down. I, however, looked only up. When I saw how close I was, I just went higher and higher until I reached the lop. It is true in life that if we just keep going forward_(介词)looking back, we are

12、more likely to reach our goals and achieve success.【答案】 climb;mothers;an;shortest;their;Although/ Though;quickly;kept;falling;without 【解析】【分析】(1)句意:这群男孩于是决定玩一个游戏,看谁能先爬到树顶。climb是动词,爬,could是情态动词其后是动词原形 ,故填 climb 。 (2)句意:他们的母亲坐在不远处,看着他们玩耍。mother是名词,妈妈,此处泛指故用复数,故填 mothers。 (3)句意:其中一个登山者是一个名叫大卫的8岁男孩。boy是

13、名词单数,8以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an表示泛指,故填an。 (4)句意:他是小组里个子最矮的孩子。没有人想到他会赢得这场比赛。 short是形容词,矮的,根据定冠词the可知是形容词最高级,故填 shortest。 (5)句意:然后比赛开始了。所有的男孩都尽力爬到尽可能高的地方。try ones best to do,固定搭配,尽某人最大努力做某事,they的形容词性物主代词是their,他们的,故填 their。 (6)句意:虽然他们都比大卫先爬到了树的一半,但最后他还是第一个到达了树顶。根据they all made it halfway up the tree 和 he reach

14、ed the top of the tree first in the end ,可知此处是让步状语从句的语气,although/ though,尽管,故填 Although/ Though。 (7)句意:大卫,你是怎么这么快就爬到树顶的?副词修饰reach,quick的副词是quickly,迅速地,故填 quickly。 (8)句意:其他孩子在爬山时不断向下看。根据 as they climbed 可知时态是一般过去时,keep的是动词,其过去式是kept,保持,故填 kept。 (9)句意:当他们意识到自己有多高时,就会感到害怕,害怕摔倒。fall是动词,落下,of是介词,其后是动名词fa

15、lling,故填 falling。 (10)句意:这是真实的生活,如果我们继续向前,而不回头看,我们更有可能达到我们的目标和取得成功。根据 keep going forward 可知是不要回头,without是介词,没有,故填 without。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。3阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was early and there werent many people on the road. A girl on a bike passed me _ (quick). She was riding

16、 on ice _ suddenly she fell off her bike a few _ (step) in front of me. She was trying hard to get up but fell again. Without thinking, I went over and helped her stand up. She said Thank you! to me _ a smile and then rode away. The words Thank you warmed me and this made me feel _ (little) nervous

17、about my new school. When I finally got to school, I was led into the classroom and _ (ask) to sit beside a girl. I was so nervous. I knew some of the students were looking at me _ I didnt dare to look at _ (they). Soon the first class started. It was English. They used a different textbook from my

18、old school and I didnt have a copy. As I was wondering what to do, a book appeared in front of me. Lets _ (share), the girl next to me said. I looked up. It was the girl I _ (help) that morning. What a surprise!【答案】 quickly;when;steps;with;less;asked;but;them;share;helped 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者帮助了一个女孩,后来女孩

19、也机缘巧合的帮助了他。(1)句意: 一个骑自行车的女孩从我身边迅速经过。副词修饰动词passed,quickly是副词,迅速地,故填quickly。(2)句意: 她正骑在冰上,就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。根据 She was riding和 suddenly she fell off,可知用when引导时间状语从句,表示就在那时,故填when。(3)句意:她正骑在冰上,就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。a few修饰名词复数,step是名词,步子,故填steps。(4)句意: 她对我微笑着说“谢谢你!”,然后骑车离去。with a smile,固定搭配,含笑,

20、故填with。(5)句意: “谢谢你”这句话温暖了我,这让我对我的新学校感到不那么紧张。此处是比较级表示看到微笑前后的不同心情,little的比较级是less,更少,故填less。(6)句意: 当我最终到达学校时,我被带进教室,并要求坐在一个女孩旁边。 根据 was led into the classroom and可知and前后一致,都是一般过去时的被动语态,故此处省略助动词was,只填过去分词,故填asked。(7)句意: 我知道有些学生看着我,但我不敢看他们。根据students were looking at me和I didnt dare to look at,可知此处表示转折关系

21、,故填but。 (8)句意:我知道有些学生看着我,但我不敢看他们。根据,故填them。(9)句意: 我旁边的女孩说:“我们一起用吧。” let后是动词原形,share,是动词,分享,故填share。(10)句意:是我那天早上帮助的那个女孩。根据It was the girl,可知时态是一般过去时,故填helped。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,语态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。4阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空最多不超过3个单词)。 Thomas Edison was a great American _ (invent).When h

22、e was_child, he was always asking questions and trying out new ideas. No matter_ hard it was, he never gave up. Young Tom was in school for only three _ (month). His teacher didnt understand why he had so many strange questions. Most of _(they) were not about his lessons. The teacher didnt want to t

23、each Tom any more. He asked Toms mother to take the boy home. Toms mother taught him _ (read) and write, and she found him a very good student. He learnt very fast and became very _(interest) in science. One day, he saw a little boy _(play) on the railway tracks (铁轨) at a station. A train was coming

24、 near quickly, and the boy was too frightened (恐惧) to move. Edison rushed out and took him away _ (safe). The boys father was so thankful that he taught Edison to send messages _telegraph (电报).【答案】 inventor;a;how;months;them;to read;interested;playing;safely;by 【解析】【分析】这篇短文简要介绍了著名发明家爱迪生的生平,他因为发明了电灯,

25、从而改变了人们的生活。并且短文详细描述了爱迪生的人格特点。 (1)句意:托马斯爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。根据 a great American是形容词,故前后是名词单数,invent是动词,名词是inventor。故填inventor。 (2)句意:当他还是个孩子的时候,他总是问问题。child是以辅音音素开头的单数名词,故用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。 (3)句意:无论多么困难,他都不会放弃。hard是副词,根据语序it was可知,no matter how表示无论如何的意思,引导让步状语从句。故填how。 (4)句意:小汤姆只上了三个月的学。基数词three后用复试形式months。

26、故填months。 (5)句意:他问的问题大部分都与他的功课无关。of是介词,其后应该要用宾格形式,they的宾格是them。故填them。 (6)句意:汤姆的母亲教他读写。taught是teach的过去式,教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.,故填to read。 (7)句意:她妈妈发现他是个很好的学生。他学得很快,对科学很感兴趣。对什么感兴趣be interested in sth.是个固定短语搭配。故填interested。 (8)句意:一天,他看到一个小男孩在火车站的铁轨上玩耍。saw是see的过去式,看到某人在做某事应为see sb. doing sth.,故填pla

27、ying。 (9)句意:一列火车很快就要开过来了,男孩吓得不敢动。爱迪生冲过去把他带到了安全的地方。took是take的过去式,take是动词应该用副词来修饰,safe是形容词,副词是safety。故填safely。 (10)句意:这个男孩的父亲非常感激爱迪生,教他用电报发送消息。by通过某种方法、手段。表示传达、传递的方式或媒介。故填by。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意名词复数,词性,介词,和see sb. doing sth的固定搭配等多种用法。5用所给单词的适当形式填空,未给词的限填一词。 I used to be strongly against telling lies. I

28、cant stand (忍受) lies. _, a white lie changed my idea. Several days ago, I invited some friends _(get) together at a bar to celebrate my birthday. They promised to meet _at 5 p.m. When that day came, I got to _bar early. To my disappointment (失 M), only one friend arrived by 4:50 p.m. Did they forget

29、 my birthday? I had to keep_(wait) for them. Most of them said that they were _ the way while some said they were still at home. I realized that they wouldnt come on time. At 5 p.m., there _(be) just three people with me. I sat on my chair _ (happy). How could they do this to me? They didnt care abo

30、ut me! I got so angry that I decided to leave. But just at that moment, a group of my _ (friend) came into the room with a big cake in their hands, singing Happy birthday to you. I was so_(surprise). Ever since then, I didnt hate telling white lies anymore.【答案】 However;to get;me;the;waiting;on;were;

31、unhappily;friends;surprised 【解析】【分析】作者曾经强烈反对说谎,无法忍受谎言。但一次他的朋友们在聚会上给他惊喜的经历让他自此以后不再讨厌善意的谎言。 (1)句意:然而,一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法。前句说:我曾经强烈反对说谎。我无法忍受谎言。这里又说一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法,说明出现了转折,这里不是并列句,位于句首逗号前,用however,但是,故填However。 (2)句意:几天前,我邀请了一些朋友聚在酒吧庆祝我的生日。invite sb to do意为邀请某人做,故填to get。 (3)句意:他们答应在下午5点见我。他们是要来赴约见我,动词meet后加

32、人称代词宾格做宾语,我,me是宾格,故填me。 (4)句意:那天到了,我早早到了酒吧。名词bar意为酒吧,这里是特指,表示就是那个要开派对的酒吧,用定冠词the,故填the。 (5)句意:我不得不一直等他们。keep doing,一直做,wait,动词,等待,动名词是waiting,故填waiting。 (6)句意:他们中的大多数人说他们在路上,而有些人说他们还在家里。on the way,在路上,表示他们还没到,还在路上,故填on。 (7)句意:下午5点,只有三个人和我在一起。这是there be句型,陈述过去的事情用一般过去时,最近的主语是people,对应的be动词是were,故填wer

33、e。 (8)句意:我不开心地坐在椅子上。没来多少人我肯定不开心,根据How could they do this to me? 可知是不开心,副词修饰动词sat,unhappily,是副词,不开心地,故填unhappily。 (9)句意:但就在那一刻,我的一群朋友带着一块大蛋糕走进房间,唱着祝你生日快乐。 a group of 修饰可数名词复数,故填friends。 (10)句意:我是如此的惊讶。这里是在be动词后加形容词表示状态,形容词surprised意为惊讶的,故填surprised。 【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。6阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标

34、或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Dear readers, Once, I had to call the firefighters to put out a fire. I still remember how fast it made my heart beat, _it was a small fire. I was glad and thankful when the firefighters put it out_(quick). Firefighters help in all kinds of sudde

35、n serious and_(danger) events or situations. I saw firefighters carrying people from their flooded homes while_(watch) the news today. Often, they are the first helpers when_accident happens. Some firefighters train to help people and pets that fall into frozen lakes. To prepare for real-life rescue

36、 like this one, they must practice putting_ice suits, working with ropes, and using hand signals to communicate. If you want to learn more about these_(/brev/) men and women, read the articleDanger! Rescue on Thin Ice. Where would we be without the first helpers? Maybe youll _(/dun/) me this month i

37、n finding a way to thank them. Giving a card, a drawing, or a plate of cookies to your local fire_(/sten/) could be the start of a new tradition for your families and our_(hero)will be thankful for it. Happy holidays!Your friend,Christine【答案】 though/although;quickly;dangerous;watching;an;on;brave;jo

38、in;station;heroes 【解析】【分析】(1)句意:我仍然记得它使我的心跳得有多快,尽管那是个小火。根据两句话的意思是转折,故填 though/although 。 (2)句意:当消防员迅速扑灭时,我很高兴也很感激。被填的的词修饰动词词组put out,应用副词, quick 的副词 quickly。故填 quickly。 (3)句意:消防员在各种突发的严重和危险事件或情况中提供帮助。名词 events or situations 事件或情况前用形容词, danger 的形容词 dangerous ,故填 dangerous 。 (4)句意:我今天看到消防员从被淹的房子里抬着人看新

39、闻。固定搭配 while doing当做某事的时候, watch的现在分词 watching,故填 watching 。 (5)句意:当事故发生时,他们往往是第一批帮助者。可数名词单数前应用a/an, a用在辅音读音开头的的单词前,an用在元音读音开头的的单词前;故填an。 (6)句意:他们必须练习穿上冰衣。固定搭配,put on,穿上,故填on。 (7)句意:如果你想更多地了解这些勇敢的男人和女人,读这篇文章。根据音标 /brev/可知是 brave勇敢的 ,故填 brave 。 (8)句意:也许这个月你会和我一起感谢他们。根据音标 /dun/ 可知应是 join,加入,故填 join 。

40、(9)句意:送一张卡片,一张画,或者一盘饼干到当地的消防站可能是你的家人新传统的开始。 根据音标/sten/,可知 是station,站,故填 station 。 (10)句意:我们的英雄会感激它的。根据上 文helpers 是复数,他们是英雄, hero的复数是heroes ,故填 heroes 。 【点评】本题考查单词在语境中的运用,需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。7根据短文内容及所给提示,补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. It was the _

41、 (one)day of her school in town. W_ seeing her simple clothing and knowing her identity(身份), other students laughed at Ann. Then the teacher told everyone to write d _ the 8 wonders of the world. Everyone except Anna handed in _ (they) answer papers. The teacher came to her, Dont worry. Just write.

42、_ you have known. Anna replied There are so many _ (thing) Which 8 wonders can I pick to write? Most students answered _ (correct)-the Great Green Wall of China, the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Leaning Tower of Paris Finally the teacher _ (start) reading Annas answer, The 8 wonders: To be able to see

43、. To be able to Hear, To Feel, Laugh, Think, Be Kind, Love and Learn! The whole class kept _ (silence). The girl from a small village reminded them _ the precious(宝贵)gift in their life, which were true wonders. 【答案】 first;When;down;their;What;things;correctly;started;silent;of 【解析】【分析】文章大意:课上老师让学生写出

44、世界上的八大奇迹,一个来自农村的小女孩的答案与众不同,他的答案提醒了我们生活中真正的礼物是什么。那才是真正的奇迹。 (1)句意:这是她在镇上上学的第一天。根据the可知应会使用序数词,one的序数词为first,故答案是first。 (2)句意:当看到她简单的服装并且知道她的身份时,其他同学就嘲笑她。根据两个句子的意思可知,该句是一个时间状语从句,根据首字母w可知应会使用when,故答案是When。 (3)句意:老师然每个人写下世界上的八大奇迹。write down固定短语,记下,写下,故答案是down。 (4)句意:除了安娜每个人都把他们的答卷交上去了。they在这里作定语修饰answer

45、papers,因此应使用形容词性物主代词their,故答案是their。 (5)句意:就写你所知道的。句子为宾语从句空缺处作从句的宾语,应使用从属连词what,故答案是what。 (6)句意:安娜回答到:有那么多的东西,我从中选八个吗?根据many可知thing应使用复数形式things,故答案是things。 (7)句意:大多数同学回答正确。correct在这里修饰动词answered,应使用副词形式,correct的副词形式为correctly,故答案是correctly。 (8)句意:最后,老师开始看安娜的答案。本文的基本时态是一般过去式,在这里应使用start的过去式started,故

46、答案是started。 (9)句意:全班都保持沉默。kept在这里是连系动词,后面跟形容词作表语,因此将silence改为silent,故答案是silent。 (10)句意:这个来自乡村的小女孩提醒我们生活中宝贵的礼物,那才是真正的奇迹。remind of提醒,固定搭配,故答案是of。 【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意,然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素,最后通读一遍检查验证。8阅读下面短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thingsleeping. Every year, there is a day for people around the world to celebrate the _ (important) of good and healthy sleepWorld Sleep Day. Sleep is like food for the brain.

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