新概念英语3课后答案.doc

答：当地球运行到月球和太阳的中间，如果地球挡住了太阳射向月球的光，便发生月食。
6、二氧化碳气体有什么特点？
9、淡水是我们人类和其他生物生存的必需品，但是地球上的淡水资源十分有限，地球上的多数地区缺水。
1、月相的变化有什么规律？（P49）
第三单元 宇 宙
12、淡水在自来水厂中除了沉淀和过滤之外，还要加入药物进行灭菌处理，这样才能符合我们使用的标准。
2、你知道哪些昆虫？
6、你还知道哪些环境问题？它们都对地球造成了哪些影响？
1、世界是由物质构成的。我们身边的书、橡皮、电灯、大树、动物、植物包括我们自己都是由物质构成的。
5、月球在圆缺变化过程中出现的各种形状叫作月相。月相变化是由于月球公转而发生的。它其实是人们从地球上看到的月球被太阳照亮的部分。L01-01 begin 12’48”

§ Lesson 1 A puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮

【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
◆puma n. 美洲狮
◆spot v. 看出，发现
◆evidence n. 证据
◆accumulate v. 积累，积聚
◆oblige v. 使…感到必须
◆hunt n. 追猎；寻找
◆blackberry n. 黑莓
◆human being 人类
◆corner v. 使走投无路，使陷入困境
◆trail n. 一串，一系列
◆print n. 印痕
◆cling (clung, clung ) v. 粘
◆convince v.使…信服
◆somehow adv. 不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因
◆disturb v. 令人不安

学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用
学习关键句型结构时则要把它放在段落结构或文章里

★spot v. 看出，发现
pick out / see / recognize / catch sight of
eg: A tall man is easy to spot in the crowd.
He has good eye for spotting mistakes. 他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。
spot(做动词时候) = see:强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。
find 强调发现的结果。
find out 查出事实真相。
discover 做出重大发现
notice 注意到
observe 观察
watch 观察活动中的人或画面
spot n. 斑点
eg: There is a white spot on the shirt.
on the spot
1,立刻，马上（at once, immediately ）
Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot.
2,at the place of the action 在现场
Wherever she is needed , she is quickly on the spot.

★evidence [u]n. 证据
When the police arrived, he had already destroyed the evidence.
evidence=proof
in evidence:显而易见的.
He was in evidence at the party.
evidently adv.
evident adj.

★accumulate vt,vi. 积累，积聚
accumulate 强调积累的过程
As the evidence accumulates, experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate.
gather vt. 聚集，把某人召集在某处
collect 收集，采集
assemble 集合，集会， vt. 装配
hoard 大量地贮存
The squirrel hoards up nuts for the cold winter.
hoard up= store up
amass 积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）

★oblige v. 使…感到必须
feel obliged to do sth.感觉有必要做某事
be obliged to do sth 被迫做某事

★hunt n. 追猎；寻找
L01-01 end 12’48”

L01-02 begin 13’15”
run after 强调追赶、追求.
seek 追寻（梦想，理想） = pursue
chase 追赶.
hunt for
search 搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物

★corner v. 使走投无路，使陷入困境
corner n. 角落
at the corner of the street
in the corner of the room
on the corner of the desk
be cornered ………被逼得走投无路
常用于被动语态：
The thief was cornered at last.
The problem cornered me.这个问题把我难例了。

★trail n. 一串，一系列
trail==follow vt. 跟踪
eg: The police trailed the criminal to the place where he was hiding.

★cling (clung, clung ) v. 粘
eg: She is always clinging to her mother.
He clung to the hope that he would succeed.(抱有，怀有)
stick 粘住 stick to 坚持 sticky adj. 粘的

★convince vt. 使…信服
convince sb. of sth 使sb相信sth
和宾语从句that 搭配使用
没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构：be convinced
sb be convicned sb相信

★somehow adv. 不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因
by some means, in some way, for some reason unknown
somewhat ==a little

★disturb v. 令人不安
disturbing adj. 令人不安的 disturbed 感到不安的
surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 感到吃惊的
exciting 令人激动的 excited 感到激动的

【Text】
§ Lesson 1 A puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮
listen to the tape then answer the question below. 听录音, 然后回答以下问题.
Where must the puma have come from?

Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of 'cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

【课文讲解】
at large
1：逃遁的，没有被控制的。
2：详细的(in detail)
3：总体来讲（as a whole）

在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果。写议论文的时候要注意把握观点

L01-02 end 13’15”

L01-03 begin 13’09”
eg: Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia.
life-like 栩栩如生的
一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前
定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。
同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容
定语从句的引导词：
指人：主语 who; 宾语 who/whom; 定语 whose
表达事物：that(也可指人)/ which
时间状语：when; 地点状语：where; 原因状语： why
同位语从句：名词做主语、宾语时，关系词用that 而不是which
时间 when; 地点 where
eg: An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.
I have no idea what has happened to him.
定语从句中没有what 这个关系词，但它可以引导同位语从句
(An idea)…come to sb.某人突然想到了……

take sth. seriously==deal with sth. seriously 认真（严肃）对待某事
take sth. lightly: 草率对待某事

as 随着

过去分词做定语

声称曾经作过某事： claim to have done sth

I still remember the school where I studied English.

L01-03 end 13’09”

L01-04 begin 11’49”
confirm: be sure, be certain
search=hunt
把某物留在后面：leave behind
Wherever he went, the wound soldier left behind him a trail of blood.伤员所到之处，都留下道道血迹。
英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实，而中文则善于运用动作的执行者
complain of / about :抱怨

on + 名词：强调动作正在进行
on the rise:在上升
on the increase: 在增加
on the watch: 在观看
on the match:在比赛中
on the fishing trip:在钓鱼的途中
on holiday: 在度假

fully: completely, entirely

in the possession of sb==in sb's possession 归某人所有
in possession of sth. 拥有某物
take possession of 拥有
eg: The beautiful car is in my possession / in the possession of me.
I am in possession of the beautiful car.
The person in possession of the big house is excited.

It is disturbing to think that 一想到………就心里不安
eg: It is disturbing to think that I felt my examination.

熟读并背诵第一自然段

总结：
at large
take sth. seriously
cling to
leave behind
complain of
in the possession of / in possession of

feel obliged to investigate
a woman picking blackberries
a businessman on a fishing trip
go on several weeks
in the quiet countryside

L01-04 end 11’49”

L01-05 begin 10’29”

【Exercises】
A. Complete these sentences by adding a suitable word to the end of each one:
1 What are you looking ?
2 Where is your mother going ?
3 Whom has the letter been sent ?
4 This is the house I was born ?
5 What does your decision depend ?
key: 1 at / for 2 to 3 to 4 in 5 on

B. Write these sentences again changing the position of the words in italics. Where possible, omit the words whom or which.
1 He is the man about whom we have heard so much.
2 The shelf on which you put those books has collapsed.
3 From whom did you receive a letter?
4 This is the road by which we came.
5 Where is the pencil with which you were playing?
key:
1 He is the man we have heard so much.
2 The shelf you put those books has collapsed.
3 whom did you receive a letter from?
4 This is the road we came by.
5 Where is the pencil you were playing?
注意：3 whom不能省略
定语从句中which以及指代人的做宾语的whom, 在非正式用法当中可以省略。省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词whom,which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。

以look 为例
look at: 注视
look for: 寻找 介词不能前置
live in: 居住 介词可以前置
eg: This is the old house in which he lived. / This is the old house he lived in

【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 P17
1. Experts eventually decided to investigate .
a. because they did not believe that pumas existed in England.
b. because they wanted a puma for the London Zoo.
c. when a woman saw a puma in a small village.
d. because people’s descriptions of the puma had a lot in common.

要求陈述原因：
1． D
in common-similar

2. What particular piece of evidence persuaded the experts that a puma had been seen in the village?
a. The puma had not attacked the woman.
b. The woman had described the animal she had seen as ‘a large cat’.
c. A puma had come very close to a human being.
d. The puma had behaved like a cat.
A 只是一个具体的特定的事例，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意
B large cat 关键性用词
2. B
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.

3. What was the problem the experts were unable to solve?
a. How the puma had managed to cover such great distances within a day.
b. How the puma had escaped from a zoo.
c. Whom the puma had belonged to.
d. How the puma had climbed a tree.
A 文章中未提到
3． C
做理解题时要紧扣主题，紧扣中心大意
文章最后一句话总结了大意：
It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

句型结构题和词汇题是关键
4. The accumulating evidence made the experts the animal was a puma. (lines 4-6)
a. to think b. thinking c. think d. thought
make----make sb. do, be made to do
主动语态中不定式to的符号应该省略
被动语态中不定式to的符号必须补充完整

L01-05 end 10’29”

L01-06 begin 9’53”
5 People said the puma.(lines 5-6)
a. to have seen b. to see c. they saw d. they had seen
把say改成claim---People claimed to have seen the puma.
5. D---清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系

6 , it immediately ran away. (lines 8-9)
a. Observing her b. On being observed c. Having been observed d. On her being observed
与原句中的when意思要一致，when引导的时间状语从句表示一
结构形式和as soon as 相一致的
如果用主动： On observing her, it immediately ran away.
On seeing me, he waved to me.
6．B

7 Pumas never attack a human being except cornered.(lines 9)
a. they are b. being c. that they are d. when they are
原句中unles----if…not / except on the condition that
when=if
except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配，也可以是when / if 引导的从句形式。
7． D

8 The experts were now fully convinced that the animal a puma. (lines 13-14)
a. must be b. should have been c. can only be d. could only have been
must be 只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致
8． D
情态动词表达推测的语意概念时，对于过去事实推测一定要用于情态动词have以及过去分词形式进行搭配。

9 The woman saw ‘a large cat’ five yards away from her.(lines 7-8)
a. at least b. four or c. no more than d. within
no more than = only
within = not more than
9. C

10 A puma will not attack a human being unless it feels itself to be .(line 9)
a. in a corner b. in a trap c. at an angle d. under cover
in a corner 表示处于困境、尴尬的境地
in a trap 表示落于陷阱中
at an angle 表示弯曲的、不直的
10． B

11 A businessman on a fishing trip is probably someone who .(line 13)
a. sells fish b. fishes for pleasure c. nets fish d. earns his living as a fisherman
fishes for pleasure 钓鱼为了游玩

12 A private collector is a man who collects .(lines 15-16)
a. for his own benefit b. on his own c. in private d. unknown to the public
12． A
on his own = alone

L01-06 end 9’53”

L02-01 begin 11’49”

§ Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one 十三等于一

【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
◆equal v. 等于
◆raise v. 募集；筹（款）
◆vicar n. 牧师
◆torchlight n.电筒光

★equal v. 等于
A equal B
与 … 相匹敌 None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
eg:Mary is quite equal to John in brains.
be equal to + n: 1. 与…相匹敌
2. 有能力做某事 to- 介词
eg: I am equal to running the company.

★raise v. 募集；筹（款）
raise money 筹款
raise price 提高
raise a horse饲养
raise a family 供养
raise wheet 种植小麦
raise an army 招募
raise a shout 发出喊声

★vicar n. 牧师
★torchlight n.电筒光

【Text】
§ Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one 十三等于一
Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.
One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.
'Whatever are you doing up here Bill ?' asked the vicar in surprise.
' I'm trying to repair the bell,' answered Bill.' I've been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.'
'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar. 'You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, I'm glad the bell is working again.'
'That's the trouble, vicar,' answered Bill. 'It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it.'
'We'll get used to that, Bill,' said the vicar. 'Thirteen is not as good as one, but it's better than nothing. Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.'

【课文讲解】
现在进行时和always 等频度副词的搭配——表示说话人带有的情感色彩
Tom is always doing homework.
Tom is always does his homework.
He is always making noises.

one or another 表示某种、这样或那样

get enough money 筹集足够的资金来做某事
I have to get enough money to have my house repaired.

have the church clock repaired-----have sth. done 找某人来做某事
have the plane repaired have hair cut
某人所遭受到的意外某种情况-----主语必须是发出动作的人
His wallet was stolen. He had his wallet stolen.

used to:过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了
He used to smoke every day.
L02-01 end 11’49”

L02-02 begin 12’45”
however 用于口语，主要用于句首，作文中，最好用在句中、句尾，要用逗号分隔开来
He said that it was so, he was mistake, however.
or: He said that it was so, however, he was mistake.
I know his story, however, I wouldn’t like to tell you.
I know his story, I, however, wouldn’t like to tell you.
however 可用nevertheless nonetheless 替换

start: 惊跳、惊奇
Eg: The voice made him start.
What a start you give me.你真吓了我一跳
He stood up with a start.

before …才
Nearly a week past before he could explain what had happen to him.

Armed with a torch…
现在分词和过去分词的用法 looking
分词做状语/定语时，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致

In the torchlight

非正式用语中whom可以省略掉

recognized sb as 认出某人是
regard sb as, think of sb as, treat sb as(把某人对待为), have on sb as（把某人尊敬为）

whatever: ever用来加强语气
night after night 一夜连着一夜
day after day / year after year / week after week / bus after bus

you certainly did give me…
did
肯定句中常用do, did, does 加强语气和情感色彩，一定要位于动词原形之前。
Eg: You do like beauty today.

as well用在句尾相当于too, 主要用在肯定句中，但比too所表达的语意更优秀
still用于句首，用逗号分隔开来，表达一个转折的关系。虽然如此，但是

get used to , be used to do, be accustomed to, get accustomed to 都表示习惯于
get强调渐进的过程，be强调习惯了的状态
Eg: We are used to the cold weather here.
You will get used to the cold weather here.你很快会适应这寒冷的天气的。
L02-02 end 12’45”

L02-03 begin 10’56”
【Special difficulties】P20
In
1．prep 表达惊奇，恐惧，失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语的作用
in surpris