1、初中英语专题 完形填空完形填空的命题特征:一、情景意义选择为主,语法选择填空为辅完形填空着眼于整体理解,要注意上下句的逻辑关系以及整篇文章的情景意义,尤其是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供的线索。完形填空题中干扰项的干扰,一般与语法结构无太大关系,重在文意干扰。因此,只要把握了文意和具体的语境,通过对词义的辨析,一些错误的干扰项就容易被排除。二、实词为主,虚词为辅完形填空的命题是在一句话中的关键词语上做文章。这种词语大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词,当然也不排除能左右文章内容的一些虚词,如介词、连词等。三、保留提示句、注重首句首句通常不设选项。这是因为第一句是核心句,是观察全文的窗口,
2、对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意等起着关键性的作用。四、逻辑性强,结构严谨,层次分明,注重快速领悟文章主旨完形填空题的特点在于人为地设置了很多空格,使文章支离破碎、残缺不全,这就造成了理解上的障碍。需要跳过空格,快速领悟文章主旨。这样才能保证思路连贯,在理解的过程中迅速抓住文章的中心意思。解答完形填空,我们一般分三步走:第一步:通读全文,掌握大意通读全文,掌握大意是做好完形填空的第一步。要不惜时间,通读全文,从整体上把握文章的脉络,把握作者的思维轨迹,猎取重要信息。注意文章的首句,第一句话常是全文表达的精髓所在,一般是点题句,作者一般会在文章一开始开宗明义,向读者显示出这段文字的体裁、形式、
3、涉及的内容和意图。第二步:瞻前顾后,结合选项,先易后难,各个击破在理解全文意思的基础上,结合所给选项,联系上下文,注意从上下文语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题提示,以词句的意义为先,再从分析句子结构入手,根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑,对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选,排除干扰项、初步选定答案。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做,一下子不能确定答案的,先跳过这一空格,继续往下做,最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文,随着对短文理解的深入,可以降低试题的难度,提高选择的正确率。在这个步骤中我们
4、可以采用以下一些技巧寻求题目的正确解答:1、通晓上下文意,注意习惯搭配2、明确文章语境,搞清词语差异完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类,有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。平时记忆单词时,要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境,比较四个选项的细微差别,推敲什么是最佳答案。23、探究前后逻辑,确定连接词汇连接词是语篇的纽带,也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些关节上设置题目,考查学生能力。解题时,要仔细分析推理前后的逻辑关系,确定选项。4、利用语法关联,推理最佳选项完型填空的考查比较淡化语法,但一个语义连贯的语篇必须通过省略、指代、时间或地点关联等语法关系来实现。因此,命题人常利用这些关联“制造
5、语境”,设置考点。考生解题时可利用这些语法关系对句子进行分析、判断并推理出最佳选项。第三步:要仔细推敲,复校全文填完空格后,把答案放回短文的空格处,将弥补完整的全文从头至尾读一遍,以确保上下文的顺畅合理。有些答案局部看来很合理,有些句觉得语感搭配很顺口,但是注意从上下文的语言联系来看又充满了矛盾,这时候应该做到局部服从整体,对所选的答案进行及时的修改。填完所有的空格以后,对于短文的含义和结构,已经有了比较清晰的了解,这时候在校对的过程当中,对于一些难以作出最后抉择的这种空格往往比较容易选出正确答案。完形填空测试题What do you do at the weekend ? Some peop
6、le like to 1 at home, but others like to go 2 a walk or play football. My friends Jack works hard in a factory during the 3 . At the weekend, he always 4 the same thing. On Saturday he 5 his car and on 6 he goes with his family to a village by car. His uncle and aunt have a farm there. It isnt a 7 o
7、ne, but theres always 8 to do on a farm. The children help with the animals and give them their 9 . Jack and his wife help in the fields . At the end of the day, they are all 10 and Jacks aunt gives them a big meal.( )1.A. play B. stay C. live D. enjoy( )2.A. to B. in C. at D. for( )3.A. day B. time
8、 C. autumn D. weekdays( )4.A. does B. make C. borrows D. has( )5.A. watches B. washes C. driving D. sells( )6.A. Monday B. Saturday C. Sunday D. Tuesday( )7.A. big B. small C. hard D. short( )8.A. little B. much C. fast D. far( )9.A. clothes B. places C. food D. balls( )10.A. clean B. late C. hungry
9、 D. friendlyThe Spring Festival(春节) is the Chinese New Years Day. It usually comes 1 February. Everyone in China 2 the Spring Festival very much. When the Spring Festival 3 , Li Hong usually 4 his parents clean their house and 5 some shopping and other housework. On that 6 everyone in China eats dum
10、plings, New Years cakes, and other good 7 . Li Hong likes New Years cakes. But Wang Hai says dumplings are 8 than New Years cakes. The Chinese people 9 the New Years cakes and dumplings in their houses . How 10 they are!( )1.A. after B. on C. in D. by( )2.A. has B. like C. remembers D. likes( )3.A.
11、goes B. comes C. reaches . hears( )4.A. helps B. makes C. gets D. takes( )5.A. buys B. does C. goes D. carries( )6.A. morning B. evening C. day D. afternoon( )7.A. food B. drinks C. vegetable D. fruit( )8.A. smaller B. better C. bigger D. sweeter( )9.A. find out B. buy C. eat D. sell( )10.A. happy B. delicious C. lovely D. great