现代大学英语精读3第四课.doc

Unit Four Diogenes and Alexander
1.Glossary
Word list:
1. bearded 2.block 3.elegant 4.guffaw 5.paradox
6. privacy 7.scant 8.stroll 9.titter 10.nudge
2.Key words: account possess form roll
3.Phrases, idioms and expressions
a large corps of grow tired of
a quantity of imprint sth with
an expedition against in particular
bark at in such ways as to
bring sb’s power to ruin in the daytime
call upon keep sb from rain and wind
care nothing for live without conventions
do sth by choice look sb over
do sth by design open one’s eyes with the sun at dawn
do sth out of principle rise in respect
drink out of one’s hands scoop water from the spring
from all over(a place) the man of the hour
greet sb with a bow wash sth down with a few handfuls of water
4.Collocations
clean one’s weapons possess sb
discard the jar procure goods
do one’s business rebuild the neglected fortifications
emulate sb scratch one’s back
erase the old markings seek employment
escape complexities and extravagances stir sb
expound one’s doctrine take command
inhabit such a thing/place wipe on’s nose
mock and satirize sb
5.Word formation: -ware(earthware) auto/ n.+adj.
6.Grammar
1) using present participle as adverbial modifiers
2) the first to/the first who…
7.Back ground information
1) Author
2) Diogenes and Alexander
3) Cynicism
4) Other famous scholar at that age: Aristotle Plato Socrates
8 Text structure and the main idea of this passage
9.Preview questions about the text.
1）What do you know about the historical background of the people discussed in the essay?
What would be the corresponding period in our own history?
2) What does the essay tell us about Diogenes and Alexander?
3) What is a possible reason for an author to take the time to write an essay like this describing people who are long dead and gone?
4) How is the essay structured?
5) Try to find more information about these two historical figures to share with your classmate.
10.Writing Devices
1) Diction
2) Contrast
3) Analogy
4) Transferred epithet
11. Sentence Paraphrase
1) He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside…(para1)
2) Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities and extravagances…(para4)
3) They possess him. He is their slave. In order to procure a quantity of false, perishable goods he has sold the only true, lasting good, his won independence.(para4)
4) His life’s aim was clear to him: it was “to restamp the currency”…(para5)
5) He was the man of the hour, of the century…(para13)

Quiz
1)
1. His doctor prescribed some foods that can _____ needed protein and vitamins to the diet.
a. facilitate b. furnish c. supply d. equip
2. The troops _____ the area before the civilians were allowed to return.
a. secured b. ensured c. stored d. provided
3.  She ____ her family by working in a hospital.
a. provides against b. provides for
c. provides with d. provides to
4. You may keep the book a further week ____ no one else requires it.
a. provided that b. if only c. in case d. even if
5. He has ____ his small company into a corporate giant.
a. varied b. altered
c. converted d. transformed
6. I want to ____ some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars.
a. modify b. turn c. convert d. transform
7. The river ____ through beautiful country.
a. strolls b. wanders c. saunters d. patrols
8. At night these busy streets during the day become ____ of traffic.
a. vacant b. empty c. hollow d. blank
9. Theirs is at best a ____ form of flattery.
a. vacant b. void c. hollow d. sunken
10. Don't walk on that broken glass with ____feet.
a. bare b. barren c. sterile d. nude
11. On no account ____ feed the animals.
a. are the visitors allowed to
b. the visitors are allowed to
c. are allowed the visitors to
d. the visitors are to allowed
12. Scarcely ____ lost his temper.
a. never he has b. never has he c. ever has he d. he has ever
13. Not until yesterday ____ his mind.
a. he changed b. he didn’t change c. he did change d. did he change
14. No sooner ____ he was asked to leave again.
a. he had arrived than b. he arrived when c. had he arrived than d. when he arrived
15. Jack is ____ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.
a. not less b. no less c. not more d. no more
16. His humor was ____ make everyone in the room burst out laughing.
a. so as to b. such as to c. so that d. such that
17. A pen is to a writer, ____ a gun is to a fighter.
a. as b.like c. that d. what
18. He is a good man and is known ____ to everyone.
a. such as b. as that c. as such d. so that
19. ____ the spirit is exhausted by overwork, ____ it is destroyed by idleness.
a. So…that b. Such…that c. Such…as d. As…so
20. That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness ___ by his lack of talent.
a. than b. rather c. as d. so much as
2) Match the items in the two columns

All that glitters is not gold.
No cross, no crown.
Forgive and forget.
Money makes a mare go.
A golden key opens every door.
All are not thieves that
dogs bark at.
One misfortune rides on
another’s back.
We have only a short
life to live.
Every bird likes its own nest.
Let bygones be bygones.
Life is but a span.
Hardship never comes alone.
No pains, no gains.
East or west home is best.