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新教材仁爱七年级英语上册知识点归纳
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仁爱英语七年级上册知识点归纳
Unit1makingNewFriends
一、
元音字母:AaEeIiooUu
包含有以下元音的字母:
[e]
AaHhjjkk
[i:]
EeBbccDdGgPpTtVv
[aɪ]Iiyy
[ju:]
UuQq
ww
[e]FfLlmmNnSsXxZz
二、
大小写
句首字母,人名,地名,称呼语,专有名词,星期的首字母要大写,引人注意。
•
Look!Isthatjane?
•
HecomesfromHubei,china.
•
mr.wang,thisismymom.
•
whatclassareyouin?
—I’minclassTen,GradeSeven.
•
onSunday,wegotothewestHillforapicnic.
三、
问候语
.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
2.Hello!/Hi!---Hello!/Hi!
3.Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.---Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou,too.
4.welcometochina/myhome.---Thanks.
5.Howdoyoudo?---Howdoyoudo?
6.Howareyou?---Fine,thankyou.Andyou?---I’mok.
7.Seeyouthen/later.---Seeyou.
8.Goodbye.---Bye.
9.Thankyou.---you’rewelcome./That’sok./Notatall.
四、
数字句型
.Howoldareyou/ishe/arethey?---I’m/Heis/Theyareeleven.
2.what’syourtelephonenumber?---It’s4567967.
3.whatclass/gradeareyouin?---I’minclassTen,GradeSeven.(注意大小写)
五、
重要句型及短语
.what’syourname?---mynameisSally.
2.whereareyoufrom?---I’mfromchina.
wheredoyoucomefrom?---Icomefromchina.
3.whereishe/shefrom?---He/Sheisfromjapan.
4.what’sthis/thatinEnglish?---It’sa/an……
5.what’rethese/thoseinEnglish?---They’re……
6.Howdoyouspellit?---E-R-A-S-E-R,eraser.
7.canyouspellit?---yes,m-A-P,map.
六、
Be动词的用法
•
我用am,你用are,is用于他、她、它,单数用is,复数就用are。
•
含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not,变一般疑问句将be提前。
•
一般疑问句的肯定回答:yes,人称代词+be;否定回答:No,人称代词+be+not。
如:Theyareteachers.
----Theyarenotteachers.
----Aretheyteachers?
----yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.
七、
不定冠词a,an的用法:
a/an都表示“一,一个”,a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如:abook;adesk;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,如:anapple/anorange/anEnglishbook;/anEnglishboy/anoldman;/anactor/anEnglishteacher/anofficeworker.
(2)the是定冠词,表特指,单复数前面都可用
•
weareinthesameclass.
•
Thegirlinapinkskirtisjane.
•
whereisthebook?
•
Thisisn’tmybike.Theblueoneismine.
and的用法
•
数字相加看做单数:Twoandthreeisfive.
•
颜色相加也是单数:
Blackandwhiteisgray.
•
人和事物相加是复数:LucyandLilyaresisters.
Thepenandtheeraserarejane’s
八、
名词单复数
.名词变复数规则
(1)规则变化
)一般在名词词尾加--s,如:car----cars;photo---photos;toy---toys;boy---boys
2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,在词尾加---es,如:box---boxes;bus---buses
3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es,如:baby---babies;family---families
4)以fe结尾,变fe为v再加es,如:knife---knives
(2)不规则变化:
如:foot---feet;man---men;woman---women;snowman---snowmen;
2.集体名词:people,clothes,police,family
3.成双出现的名词:shoes,pants,gloves,eyes,ears
一词多义:Anorangeisorange.
Unit2LookingDifferent
一、
重点句型
.
whoisyourfavoriteactor?
2.
weareinthesameschool,butweareindifferentgrades.
3.
whatdo/does+主语+looklike?……长得怎么样?
whatdoeshelooklike?---Heisnotverytallbutverystrong.
---Sheistallandhasshortbrownhair.
4.
wedon’tlookthesame,butwearegoodfriends.
welookthesame,butweareindifferentclothes.
5.
whatcoloris/are+主语?---It’s/They’re+颜色.
whatcolorisherhair?---It’sblond.
6.
Thisismycap.=Thiscapismine.
Isthisyourcap?=Isthiscapyours?
whosecapisthis?=whoseisthiscap?---It’sSally’s.
whosearethesebananas?---They’retheirbananas/theirs.
7.
Hispantsareblueandminearewhite.
myT-shirtisgreenandhisisbrown.
8.
Ihavesmalleyes,buthehasbigones.(ones指代eyes)
myjacketisblueandwhite.Thatoneisblue.(one指代jacket)
二、
重点短语
.
givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物给某人
Pleasegiveittoher.
2.
lookthesame长相相同
lookdifferent长相不同,看起来不一样
3.
looklike看起来像
Helookslikehisfather.=Heandhisfatherlookthesame.
4.
nextto在……旁边
Theboynexttomeismygoodfriend.
5.
in+颜色
穿着……颜色的衣服
in+a/an+颜色+衣服
穿着……颜色的……
TheboyinayellowT-shirtandgraypantsismygoodfriend.
6.
both两者都(Be动词之后,实义动词之前)
Theybothhavebrownhairandblackeyes.
Theyarebothofficeworkers.
all三者或三者以上都
Theyareallkindtome.
7.
数字++颜色+n.
twobigredapples
Shehasshortblondhair.
三、
动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式
(一)动词前是第三人称单数形式(he、she、it;单一的人;单一的名字;单一的事物):动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则:
)一般情况直接加“s”,如:come----comes,meet----meets
2)动词以o,s,sh,ch,x结尾,加“es”,如:do---does;go----goes;teach---teaches;
3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es,如:study---studies,fly---flies,try---tries
4)特殊情况:have----has
(二)句型转换:
)当主语为第三人称单数:变否定句时,在动词前加doesn’t,动词现原形;变一般疑问句时,在句首加does,动词现原形。
一般疑问句的肯定回答:yes,人称代词+does。
否定回答:No,人称代词+doesn’t.如:
Shehassmalleyes.
---Shedoesn’thavesmalleyes.
---Doesshehavesmalleyes?
---yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.
2)当主语为除第三人称单数之外的人称:变否定句,在动词前加don’t;变一般疑问句,在句首加do,肯定回答:yes,人称代词+do.否定回答:No,人称代词+don’t.
Theyhavesmalleyes.
---Theydon’thavesmalleyes.
---Dotheyhavesmalleyes?
---yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.
四、
表示所属关系
.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
our
their
its
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
ours
theirs
its
•
--whoseisthispen?Isityours?
•
--No,it’snotmine.mypenisblue.
2.名词所有格,用于人或其他表示有生命的名词后:
•
单数或不以s结尾的复数+’s,如:jane’sbook
women’sDay
•
以s结尾的复数+’
如:Teachers’Day
•
Lucy’sandLily’sbags分有
LucyandLily’sroom共有
Thosearejane’sshoes.=Thoseshoesarejane’s.
3.of表示所属关系,用于没有生命的物体,如amapofchina
aphotoofmyfamily
Unit3GettingTogether
一、
重点短语
.
couldyouplease+动词原形……?用来表示委婉的请求
couldyoupleasetellmeyourname?---Sure/Noproblem.mynameisSally.
---Sorry.
2.
tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告诉某人某事
tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人关于某事
Pleasetellmeyourname.=Pleasetellyournametome.
Pleasetellmariaaboutit.请把这件事告诉玛丽亚吧。
3.
helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人,帮助某人做某事
Pleasehelpusfindhim.
couldyoupleasehelpmewithEnglish?
=couldyoupleasehelpmestudyEnglish?
4.
wanttodosth.=wouldliketodosth.想要做某事
wantsth.=wouldlikesth.想要某物
wantsb.todosth.想要某人做……
HewantstovisitBeijing.=HewouldliketovisitBeijing.
Iwant/wouldlikeanorange.
janewantskangkangtosingsomesongswithher.
5.
showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.把某物展示给某人看
mariashowsaphotoofherfamilytokangkang.
6.
myEnglishisverygood.=IcanspeakEnglishverywell.
7.
livein+地点
居住在某地
livewith+sb.
和某人住
Heliveinchinawithhisparents.
8.
knowalotabout……知道许多关于……的事
Heknowsalotaboutchina.
9.
say表示说话的内容,speak表示说某种语言的能力
whatdoeshesayintheletter?
HecanspeaksomeEnglish.
0.
对事物的喜欢程度
like……verymuch/alot非常喜欢
like……alittle
有点喜欢
don’tlike……atall
一点都不喜欢
manystudentsinourclasslikeEnglishalot,butIlikeitalittle.
Hedoesn’tlikechocolateatall.
1.
alot=verymuch许多
alotof+可数名词复数/不可数名词
IhavealotofEnglishbooks.ThesebookshelpmealotwithmyEnglish.
2.
everyday每天
eachother相互
someofthem他们中的一些
eatout下馆子,到外面吃饭
3.
playwithsb.和某人一块玩耍
liketodo/doingsth.喜欢某事
Shelikestoplaywithkitty.
4.
Helpyourself/yourselvestosth.随便吃……
5.
bekindtosb.对某人很友好
Theyareallkindtome.他们对我很友好。
It’sverykindofyou.你真好。
6.
begladtodosth.很高兴做……
Iamverygladtobehere.我很乐意在这里。
Gladtomeetyou.很高兴见到你。
7.
letsb.dosth.让某人做某事
Letmesee.让我想一想。
Letushelpyoufindhim.让我们帮助你找到他。
8.
Iamhome.我到家了。
mariaisn’tathome/innow.玛丽亚现在不在家。
welcometomyhome.欢迎来我家。
It’stimetogohome.该回家了。
二、
重点句型
.
实义动词变一般疑问句及其回答:
DoeshespeakEnglish?---yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.
Doyoulikechinese?---yes,Ilikeitverymuch/alot/alittle.
---No,Idon’tlikeitatall.
2.
询问职业及工作地点:
whatdoesyourmotherdo?
whatisyourmother?
---SheisanEnglishteacher.
wheredoesshework?---Sheworks/teaches/studies……
inaschool/hospital/restaurant
onafarm
inanoffice
3.
介绍家人
Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.
Theyoungwomaninredismymother.
Istheyoungwomaninredyourmother?
whoistheyoungwomaninred?
mygrandparents,mycousinandIareonthesofa.
Ihaveabigfamily.我有一个大家庭。
Ilovemyfamily.我爱我的家。
4.
有用的就餐表达语
)
wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?想不想喝些东西?
---yes,aglassofapplejuice,please./No,thanks.
somethingtodrink一些喝的东西somethingtoeat一些吃的东西
2)
whatwouldyouliketohave/eat/drink?你想吃(喝)些什么?
---I’dlikesomericeandchicken./Letmesee.我想想看。
3)
wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?想和我共进晚餐吗?
---yes,I’dloveto./yes,I’dliketo.
----I’msorryIhaveto…
4)
whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?你通常早餐吃什么?
---Iusuallyhavemilkandbreadforbreakfast.
have…forbreakfast/lunch/dinner早/午/晚餐吃、、、、、、
5)
mayItakeyourorder,sir?请问,要点菜了吗?
---Fishwithvegetablesandrice,please.
6)
mayIhelpyou?=canIhelpyou?=whatcanIdoforyou?请问要吃/喝/买些什么?
5.
委婉地请求、提建议的五种表达
wouldyoulikesth./todo…?
你愿意/想……?
what/Howaboutsth./doing…?
……怎么样?
whynotdo…?
为什么不……?
Let’sdo…!
让我们干……吧!
whydon’tyoudo…?为什么不……?
肯定回答:yes,I’dlike/loveto./Goodidea./ok./Allright./I’dlovethat./
Thanks,thatwouldbeverynice.
否定回答:No,thanks./I’msorryIcan’t,Ihavetodo…/
I’dlikethat,butI’msorryIhavenotime.
三、
人称代词的主格与宾格:
点拨:主格在句子中充当主语,放在动词之前;
宾格放在动词之后构成动宾短语,放在介词之后构成介宾短语。
主格
I
we
you
he
she
it
they
宾格
me
us
you
him
her
it
them
Doyouknowthem?---yes.Theyaremynewclassmates.
Dotheygohomewithus?他们和我们一块回家吗?
四、
可数名词与不可数名词
.可数名词:可以用数目来计数的名词,有单数和复数之分。
如banana,egg,apple,orange,noodles,vegetable,hamburger
2.不可数名词:不能用具体的数目来表示,前面不能加a/an,没有复数形式。
如milk,chicken,bread,coke,coffee,rice,juice,fish,tea,water,chocolate
3.不可数名词若要表示数量,可用:数词+量词+of+不可数名词/可数名词复数。
如:aglassofmilk一杯牛奶;tenbottlesofapplejuice十瓶橙汁;apairofshoes/pants;
tenloavesofbread十条面包;fivekilosofapples五公斤苹果;
4.
some/alotof+可数名词的复数/不可数名词
many+可数名词的复数
much+不可数名词
五、
书信的格式
.
称呼:顶格写,常用Dear…开头,表示亲切、客套,后面用逗号。
2.
正文:从称呼的下一行开始写,开头空两格。
3.
结束语:正文下面的客套话,写在右下角,首字母大写,末尾用逗号,常用yours。
4.
签名:指写信人的签名,写在结束语的下面。
Unit4Havingfun
一、
重点短语
.
buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.为某人买……
Lindawantstobuyatoycarforhercousin.=Lindawantstobuyhercousinatoycar.
2.
tryonsth.=trysth.on试穿
tryit/themon
mariatriesonthecoatinaclothesshop.
3.
Thecoatlooksveryniceonyou.你穿上这件外套真漂亮。
4.
That’sfine.we’lltakeit.好的,我们就买它了。
5.
Iamjustlooking.我只是随便看看。
6.
“Areyoukidding?”means你在开玩笑吗inchinese.
7.
think想,认为
thinkabout考虑
thinkof想法,认为
kangkangthinksit’sLiming’s.
I’llthinkaboutit.我要考虑一下。
thinkaboutaplan考虑一项计划
whatdoyouthinkofthisyellowskirt?
8.
Thankyouallthesame.仍然感谢你。
9.
getsomewate取水
flyakite/kites放风筝
singsomesongs唱歌
getup起床
meetfriendsathome在家和朋友见面
gohome回家
haveapicnic=goforapicnic去野餐
gofishing去钓鱼
goshopping=dosomeshopping
购物
gotothezoo去动物园
gotothewestHill去西山
visitafriend拜访朋友
doone’shomework做作业
takeone’sorder点菜
call…back回电话
takesomebread带一些面包
seethemonkeyShow看猴子表演
0.
asksb.todosth.
请/要某人做某事
couldyouaskhertocallmebackthisevening?你能让她今晚给我回个电话吗?
1.
needsth./todosth.需要某事
weneedtohelpthemwiththeirEnglish.我们需要帮助他们学英语。
whatdoweneed?---weneedtwokilosofapplesandsomerice.
2.
have/hastodosth.不得不/必须做……
kangkanghastocook.康康必须要做饭。
kangkangdoesn’thavetocook.
3.
save节省,攒钱,挽救
Bigsale!Buymoreandsavemore!
大降价!买得多,省得多!
Bencansave¥5.
4.
here这里
there那里
Hereyouare.给你。
Hereitis.在这。
Hereweare.我们到了。
Theclothesarethere,madam.夫人,服装在那边。
whereisBabymonkey’shome?---It’sthere.
5.
befree=havetime有时间,有空
AreyoufreethisSunday?
=DoyouhavetimethisSunday?
I’msorryIhavenotime.
=I’msorryIdon’thaveanytime.
6.
It’stimetodosth/forsth.该做某事了,是做某事的时候了
It’stimetohavebreakfast.=It’stimeforbreakfast.
7.
Thankyouforyourhelp.=Thankyouforhelpingme.谢谢你的帮忙。
8.
thisSunday/morning/afternoon/evening
ateighto’clock在八点整
inthemorning/afternoon/evening
onSundaymoring在星期天早上
9.
onone’swayhome在回家的路上
onone’swaytoschool在上学的路上
Buysomeeggsandriceonyourwayhome.
TheBabymonkeycan’tfindhiswayhome.
二、
重点句型
.
有用的购物表达语
)
canIhelpyou?/mayIhelpyou?
---yes,please.Iwanttobuysomeclothesformydaughter./Iliketheredcoat.
---I’mjustlooking,thanks.
2)
whatcanIdoforyou?---IwantaT-shirtformyson.
3)
canItryiton?/whynottrythemon?
---Sure/Noproblem.
4)
That’sfine.we’lltakeit.
5)
280yuan!Areyoukidding?I’llthinkaboutit.Thankyouallthesame.
6)
couldyouhelpmedosomeshopping?
---Sure.whatdoweneed?
7)
Isthatall?
---yes,Ithinkso.就那些吗?—是的,我想就这些。
8)
It’stooheavy.它太重了。
Letmehelpyou.让我帮助你吧。
2.
询问对事物的观点、看法
Howdoyoulikethispairofpants?你认为这条裤子怎么样?
whatdoyouthinkofthepants?
---They’retoolong./Idon’tlikeitatall.Howabouttheblueone?
3.
询问数量
howmuch+不可数名词+…?
howmany+复数名词+…?
weneedtwokilosofapples.
Howmanyapplesdoyouneed?
weneedfivebagsofrice.
Howmanybagsofricedoyouneed?
weneedfivebagsofrice.
Howmuchricedoyouneed?
4.
询问价格
Howmuchis/are……?
---It’s/They’re…….
Howmuchisthebread?---It’sthreeyuanaloaf.
Howmucharetheshoes?---Theyare280yuan.
5.
询问重量
Howheavyisit?---It’sonekiloabag.一千克一袋。
6.
打电话的简单交际用语:
)
whoisthis,please?
---ThisisSally.
2)
mayIspeaktomaria?
---Sorry,sheisn’tin/athomenow.
3)
AreyoufreethisSunday?---yes.what’sup?
4)
wouldyouliketogotothewestHillwithus?
wouldyouliketogowithus?
5)
couldyouask/tellhimtocallmebackthisevening?---Sure.
7.
委婉地请求、建议
)
wouldyouliketoflyakitewithme?
---oh/yes,I’dlove/liketo.
2)
How/whataboutflyingakitewithme?---I’msorryIcan’t.Ihavetocook.
3)
whynotflyakitewithme?
---I’dlikethat,butI’msorryIhavenotime.
4)
Let’sflyakite.
---Goodidea./ok./Thatwouldbeverynice.
8.
时间的表达方法:
)
直接表达:“时+分”,如:4:00fouro’clock;12:05twelveofive;2:30twothirty
2)
30分钟以内:用“分+past+时”,表示“几点几分”
如:8:15
aquarterpasteight;
9:30
halfpastnine
3)
超过30分钟:用“+to+”表示“差几分到几点”
如:3:55
fivetofour;
5:40
twentytosix
9.
询问时间
whattimeisit,please?/whatisthetime,please?---It’sseveno’clock.
0.
询问最喜欢的动物
whatareyourfavoriteanimals?
---Elephants/monkeys/Panadas/Tigers.They’reso/verykind/clever/cute/strong.
三、
some与any的用法
some用于肯定句及语气委婉的疑问句,any用于否定句和疑问句中。
Shewantssomeoranges.
Doesshewantanyoranges?
whatabout/whynothave/wouldyoulikesomechicken?
课
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