英语四六级单词背诵方法.pdf

四六级英语单词背诵方法 请大家想一想，英语是谁发明的？英国人呗！英国人认不认识汉语？不认识！那么英国人在 学英语单词的时候需不需要记住单词的汉语意思？不需要，英国人的英语课本里根本就没有 汉字，何谈记住单词的汉语意思？那么既然英国人学英语不需要记住（甚至根本就见不到）单 词的汉语意思，那么中国人学英语为什么要去记住单词的汉语意思呢？这种做法大家不觉得 奇怪吗？然而由于中国人学英语时都在背单词的汉语意思，因此大家反而觉不出“背汉字”有什么奇 怪的了。其实仔细想一想，这个行为真的很奇怪，奇怪的根源不在于行为本身，而在于中国 人普遍不会直接识别英语单词的意思，因而只好靠汉语符号来机械地帮助记忆英语单词的意 思，这样去学英语不仅多此一举，而且必然会陷入苦海无边的符号记忆灾难中。其实英语单词和汉字一样，存在着很多的“偏旁部首力知道了偏旁部首你就可以根据它们直 接来猜测单词的意思，虽不说百分之百猜准，但起码可以猜测个大概，至少在别人告诉过你 单词的意思后你可以恍然大悟地领会它，这样就可以大大增强你对英语单词“见字识意”的 能力，做到真正认识一个单词，而把它的汉语意思仅做为一般参考。举几个例子来说吧：比如单词representative,请别急着告诉我你认识这个单词，其实你不见得“认识”这个单 词，你仅是凭着你的记忆力记住了这串英语字母和两个汉字符号“代表”之间的对应关系，这样去学英语你会多费劲？下面我来告诉你这个单词为什么是“代表”的意思。re在英语里 是一个偏旁部首，它是“回来”的意思；pre也是一个偏旁部首，是“向前”的意思；sent 也是一个偏旁部首，是“发出去、派出去”的意思；a仅是偏旁部首之间的一个“连接件”,没了它两个辅音字母t就要连在一起了，发音会分不开，会费劲，因此用一个元音字母a隔开一下；tive也是一个偏旁部首，是“人”的意思。那么这几个偏旁部首连在一起是什 么意思呢？re-pre-sent-a-tive,就是“回来-向前-派出去-的人”，即“回来征求大家的意 见后又被派出去替大家讲话的人”，这不就是“代表”的意思吗！这么去认识一个单词才是真 正“认识”了这个单词，把它认识到了骨子里。再举一个例子吧：psychology。psy=sci,是一个偏旁部首，是“知道”的意思；cho是 一个偏旁部首，是“心”的意思；1。是一个偏旁部首，是“说”的意思；gy是一个偏旁部首，是“学”的意思，logy合起来是“学说”的意思。因此psy-cho-logy连起来就是“知道心 的学说陌生感。那么接下来的问题是，英语里有多少个“偏旁部首”，怎样知道和学会它们？回答这个问题时我才发现中国人对英语偏旁部首陌生的两个主要原因，一是这些重要内容不 在学校的英语教材当中，大家在课堂上学不到（这是目前学校英语教材急需弥补的缺陷）；二 是少数书店里销售的有关这方面内容的书过分复杂化，动辙几百上千页，内容苦涩庞大，影 响了这些常识的普及，使得本来是常识的东西不常识。其 实英语里偏旁部首的学名叫“字 根”，常用的也就二百多个，它们就像26个字母一样普通而重要，就像汉语里的偏旁部首那 样普通而重要，它们是学英语第一课里就应该学习的重要内容，学英语者应及早地掌握这些 重要的常识，及早地摆脱死记硬背的蛮干状态，及早地进入科学、高效的识字状态。英 语字根课里就应该学习的重要内容，学英语者应及早地掌握这些重要的常识，及早地摆脱死 记硬背的蛮干状态，及早地进入科学、高效的字状态。英语字根1,ag=do,act 做，动 2,agri=field 田地，农田(agri 也做 agro,agr)3,。11=丫皿1年 4,audi=hear 听 5,bell=war 战争 6,brev=short 短 7,ced,ceed,cess=go 彳亍走 8,cept=take 拿取 9,cid,cis=cut,kill 切，杀 10,circ=ring 环，圈 11,claim,clam=cry,shout 喊叫 12,clar=clear 清楚，明白 13,clud=close,shut 关 闭 14,cogn=known 知道 15,cord=heart 心 16,corpor=b o d y 体 17,cred=believe,trust 相信，信任 18,cruc=cross 十字 19,cur=care 关心 20,cur,curs,cour,cours=run 跑 21,dent=tooth 牙 齿 22,di=day 日23,dict=say 说 24,dit=give 给 25,don=give 给 26,du=tow 二 27,due,duct=lead 引导 28,ed=eat 吃 29,equ=equal 等，均，平 30,ev=age 年龄，寿命，时代，时期 31,fact=do,make 做,作 32,fer=bring,carry 带拿33,f1orlower 花 34,flu=flow 流 35,fus=pour 灌，流，倾泄 36,grad=step,go,grade 步，走，级 37,gram=write,draw 写，画，文字，图形 38,graph=write,records 写，画，记录器，图形 39,gre 动，动 71,nomin=name 名 72,nov=new 新 73,numer=number 数 74,onym=name 名 75,oper=work 工作76,ori=rise 升起 77,paci=peace 和平，平静 78,pel=push,drive 推，逐，驱 79,pend,pens=hang 悬挂/weigh 称量/pay 支出，付钱，花费 80,pet=seek 追求 81,phon=sound 声音 82,pict=paint 画，描绘 83,plen=full 满，全 84,plic=fold 折，重叠 85,pon=put 放置 86,popul=people 人民 87,port二carry 拿，带，运88,pos=put 放 置 89,preci=price 价 值 90,punct=point,prick 点,刺91,pur=pure 清，纯，净 92,rect=right,straight 正，直 93,rupt=break 破 94,sal=salt 盐 95,scend,scens=climb 爬，攀 96,sci=know 知97,sec,sequ=follow 跟 随 98,sect=cut 切 割 99,sent,sens=feel 感觉 100,sid=sit 坐 101,sist=stand 站立 102,son=sound 声音 103,spect=look 看 104,spir=breathe 呼吸 105,tail=cut 切割 106,tain,ten,tin=hold 握持，守 107,tect=cover 掩 盖 108,tele=far 远 109,tempor=time 时110,tend(tens,tent)二stretch 伸 Hl,terr=land,earth 土地，陆地 112,text=weave 纺织 113,tract=draw 拉，抽，引 114,undone 一 115,urb=city 城市 116,vac,vacu=empty 空 117,vad,vas=walk,go 行走 118,vari=change 变化119,ven=come来 120,vert,vers=turn 转 121,vi,via=way 道路 122,vis,vid=see看 123,vit=life生命 124,viv二live活 第二部分，多认词根，多识单词。125,aer(o)空气，空中，航空 126,alt 高 127,am 爱 128,ambul 行走 129,anim 生命，活，心神，意见 130,anthrop(o)人，人类 131,aqu水 132,arch统治者，首脑 archy 统治 133,avi 鸟 134,bat 打 135,biblio 书 136,birg 战斗，打 137,cad,cas 降落，降临 138,cert 确定，确信 139,chron 时 140,cid 降落，降 临 141,clin 倾 142,co*(o)世界，宇宙 143,cracy 统治 crat 支持 144,cub 躺，思，意 189,min伸出，突出 190,misc混合，混杂 191,mis(o)恨，厌恶 192,mon 告诫，提醒 193,mon 单独，一个 194,mur 墙 195,mut 变换 196,nat 诞生 197,nav 船 198,nect,nex 结，系 199,negr,nigr 黑 200,nihil 无201,noc,nox 伤害 202,noct(i)夜 203,norm 规范，正规，正常 204,nutri 营养 205,orn装饰 206,par 生，产 207,pari 说，谈 208,past 喂，食 209,path(o),pathy疾病，疗法 210,patr(i)父，祖 211,ped脚，足 212,ped儿童，小孩 213,petr(o)石 214,phag 吃 215,phil(o)爱 216,phob(ia)怕 217,plex 重叠,重 218,polis 城市 219,prim 第一，最初 220,radic 根 221,ras,rad 擦，刮 222,rid,ris 笑 223,rod,ros 咬，啮 224,rot 轮，转 225,rud 原始，粗野 226,rur,rus 农村 227,sat,satis,satur 足,满,饱 228,sen 老 229,simil,simul 相似，相同 230,sol单独 231,sol太阳 232,soph智慧 233,sper希望 234,spers,spars 散，撒 235,splend 发光，照耀 236,stell 星 237,tact,tag 触 238,the(o)神 239,ton 音 240,tort 扭 241,tour 迂回，转 242,trud,trus 推，冲 243,tut,tuit 监护，看管 244,umbr 阴影 245,ut,us 用 246,vas 走，漫游 247,val 强 248,van 空，无 249,ver(i)真实 250,voc,vok 声音，叫喊 251,vol,volunt意志，意愿 252,volu,volv滚，转4,6级高频词汇一背诵版Vocabulary ListUnit 1aboard ad./prep在船(或飞机、车)上，上船(或飞机、车)abstract a.抽象的n.摘要，梗概accidental a.意外的，偶然(发生)的accompany vt.1.陪件，陪同2.伴随，和-起发生3.为伴奏accomplish vt.完成,实现accordance n.一致,符合in with与-，致,按照,根据accuracy n.准确(性),精确(性)acachieve vt.1.完成，实现2.达到,得到acquaintance n.1.认识，了解2.相识的人，熟人1.Welcome aboard!2.His plans were too abstract to be put into operation.3.The rate of accidental death has decreased since last year.4.He said he was going to accompany her home.The pianist accompanied her on the piano.5.All this was accomplished in a year.6.Everything has been done in accordance with the rules.7.There is need to check the accuracy of the report.8.You will soon get accustomed to it.9.I have an intimate acquaintance with French.Unit 2 addition n.1.力口，加法2.附加物in另外，加之in to除之外（还）address n.1.地址，住址2.演说，讲话vt.1.在上写姓名地址2.向讲话（或发表演说）administration n.1.管理,经营2.管理部门，行政机关，政府admission n.1.准许进入，准许加入2承认，供认advance vi.1.前进，向前移动2.取得进展n.1.前进，进展2.预付，预支in预先，事先advantage n.1.优点，优势2.好处gain/have anover胜过，优于take of利用，趁 之机adventure n.1.冒险，冒险活动2.奇遇agreement n.1.协定，协议，契约2.达成协议，同意aid n.1.帮助，援助2.助手，辅助手段v.帮助，援助1.The expenses of the2.He will address you What is your permanent3.4.5.An executive should To resign now would Banks make businesshousehold,with the addition of a nurse,were heavy,on the subject of war and peace.address?be experienced in administration.be an admission of failure.advances to firms.6.He often took advantage of her good nature.7.The explorer told the boys about his adventures in the Arctic.8.During the course of history,many agreements have been made between France andEngland.9.A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language.10.At high altitudes it is difficult to breathe.Unit 3 ambition n.雄心，野心analysis n.分析,分解analyze/-yse vt.分析，分解angle n.1.角，角度2.角度，观点announce vt.宣布，宣告annoy vt.1.使恼怒，使烦恼2.打扰apologize/-ise vi.道歉，认错apparent a.1.表面上的，貌似（真实）的2显然的，明明白白折appropriate a.适当的，恰当的approval n.赞成，同意1.Nothing would stop me from achieving my ambition.2.The analysis of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police.3.I stood for five minutes trying to analyze my impressions.4.They have a different angle of observation from ours.5.The government announced a budget cut.6.I felt annoyed when he refused to help.7.She apologized profusely to me for not answering promptly.8.It was apparent that they all understood.9.Plain,simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.10.He showed his approval by smiling.Unit 4arrange vt.1.安排，筹划2.整理artificial a.1.人工的,人造的2.假的，矫揉造作的aspect n.1.方面2.外表，面貌assembly n.1.集会，集合2.装备，组装assist v.帮助，协助assure vt.1.使确信，使放心2.向保证astonish vt.使惊讶atmosphere n.1.大气，大气层2.空气3.气氛audience n.听众，观众，读者authority n.1.pl.官方,当局2.当权者3.权力,权威automatic a.自动的1.We have arranged a party.2.It makes me sick to think of his highly artificial manners.3.Consider the economic aspects of owning your own house.The valley took on a mysterious aspect at dusk.4.Can you assist me with this problem?5.I assure you that this medicine cannot harm you.6.I m astonished that he didn t come.7.He grew up in an atmosphere of love and trust.8.The audience was enjoying every minute of the show.9.A Policeman has the authority to arrest law-breakers.10.The heating system here has an automatic temperature control.Unit 5avoid vt.避免，避开await vt.1.等候，等待2.将降临于award n.奖，奖品vt.授予，给予aware a.意识到,知道的awkward a.1.粗笨的，笨拙的2.尴尬的，棘手的3.使用不便的background n.背景balance vt.使平衡n.1.天平，秤2.平衡，均衡3.结存，结欠bear vt.1.忍受，容忍2.负担，承担3.结（果实），生（孩子）behalf n.利益on of代表，为了behave vi.1.表现，举止2.（机器等）运转vt.检点（自己的）行为1.A danger foreseen is half avoided.2.She had long awaited this day.3.The best students were awarded special scholarships.4.We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation.5.He is still awkward with a knife and fork and drops food at each meal.6.The election took place against a background of widespread unemployment.7.The acrobat balanced himself on the high rope.8.The ice is too thin to bear your weight.At last his effort bore fruit.9.He made an impassioned speech on behalf of his country.10.He has behaved badly towards his wife.Unit 6belief n.1.相信2.信念，信仰bet vt.以打赌，与打赌博vi.打赌n.1.打赌2.赌金，赌注bind vt.捆绑，捆扎bloom n.1.花2.开花期vi.开花boast vi.（of,about）自夸，夸耀vt.1.夸口说，吹嘘2.以拥有而自豪n.自吹自擂,自夸的话blame vt.1.责备,责怪2.（on,onto）把归咎于n.1.（过错、事故等的）责任2.责怪,责备bleed vi.出血，流血bond n.1.联结，联系2.公债，债券bore vt.1.使厌烦，使厌倦2.钻孔n.令人讨厌的人（或事）1.I haven t much belief in his honesty.2.P 11 bet a month s pay on that.3.They bound his hands.4.They blamed an electric shot circuit for the fire yesterday.5.The wound bled freely.6.The rose will bloom soon.7.Many Oxford colleges can boast of beautiful gardens.8.She bolted the door.9.They arelO.I am bored by his tedious talk.Unit 7bow n.1弓形物2鞠躬，点头vi鞠躬，点头brake n.闸，制动器，刹车，（车）被刹住，vt.刹住（车），用闸使（车）放慢速度 brand n.商标，牌子vt.1.打烙印于2.铭刻brief a.简短的，简洁的vt.作简要的介绍in 简单地说brilliant a.1.光辉的，灿烂的2卓越的，杰出的broad a.1宽的，阔的，广阔的2广泛的3宽容的bulk n.1.（巨大的）物体，（大）块2.主体，绝大部分3.（巨大的）体积，（大）量burden n.担子，负担button n.1.钮扣2.按钮vt.扣上,扣紧1.He did not return my bow.2.Seeing a child running across the road,the driver put on the brakes suddenly.3.Do you like this brand of coffee?Farmer Brown s cattle are branded with the letter B.4.Before setting out a raid,air-crews were carefully briefed.5.The lights were far too brilliant.6.The river is a mile broad here.9.We have disposed of the bulk of the surplus goods.10.We collected a bundle of old clothes to be given to them.11.Too much praise is a burden.12.A button has come off.Unit 8calculate v.1计算，核算2.估计，推测3.计划，打算candidate n.1.候选人2.投考者，申请求职者capture vt./n.捕获，俘获career n.生涯，职业cargo n.船货，货物carrier n.运输工具，运输者cast vt.1.投，扔2.浇铸，铸造casual a.1.偶然的，碰巧的2.随便的，非正式的3.临时的catalog（ue）n.目录（册）vt.将-编入目录，将（书籍、资料等）编目cease v./n.停止，终止celebrate v.庆祝1.The cost of production should be precisely calculated.2.I shall vote for this candidate.3.With the capture of the escaped lion everyone in town felt relieved.4.His academic career was undistinguished.5.These planes can carry a cargo of six tons.6.A porter is a baggage carrier.7.He was cast ashore with two companions.The statue is cast in bronze.8.The two old friends had a casual meeting.A casual laborer is one who has no steady job.9.A library catalogue tells us the names of all the books in the library.10.They demanded that these acts of war cease at once.11.They warmly celebrated the festival.Unit 9 central a.1.中央的，中心的2.主要的champion n.1.冠军2.捍卫者，拥护得channel n.1.海峡，水道，航道2.渠道3.频道chase n./vt.追逐，追赶cheat vt.欺骗，骗取vi.行骗作弊n.欺骗，骗子check vt.1.检查，核对2.制止n.1.检查，核对2.支票，账单七11办理登记手续；out 结账离去办妥手续离去ceremony n.1.典礼，仪式2.礼节，礼仪certificate n.证（明）书challenge n.挑战vt.向挑战1.You must first determine the central idea of the paper2.The ceremony took place in the auditorium.3.The drivers certificate has been4.The strike was a direct challenge to the warlord regime.5.The champion issued a challenge to all other boxers to fight him.6.The channel is marked by buoys.7.The boy and his sister chased each other in and out among the bushes.8.She knew he had been cheating all along.9.Please check your exercises against the answers.His father gave him a check for fifty dollars.Unit 10chop v.砍，劈，斩n.排骨circuit n.1.电路，线路2.环行，巡回circulate v.（使）循环，（使）流通circumstance n.1.条件，情况2（pl.）境遇,经济状况under the飞在这种情况下，（情况）既然如此。civilization/-isation n.文明，文化claim vt.1.声称，主张2.对提出要求，索取n.1.要求；2.主张，断言clap vi.拍手;vt.拍，击;n.拍手，鼓掌climate n.气候clue n.线索，提示clumsy a.笨拙的，愚笨的1.The tree is too big,you 11 have to chop back some of the branches.2.The rocket did one circuit of the earth and returned to base.3.Blood circulates in the body.4.Bad weather is a circumstance that we cannot control.5.The ancient Egyptian civilization existed for several thousand years.6.Facts bore out his claim.He claimed damages against the driver.7.He gave a clap on the back and invited me for a drink.8.How do you like the climate of Japan?9.Have any clues been found that can help the police to find the criminal?10.Jack is clumsy with his hands.Unit 11 collision n.碰撞，冲突column n.1.柱，圆柱2.直行3.栏，专栏（文章）command vt.命令，指挥；n.1.命令,指挥；2.控制；3.掌握,运用能力commercial a.商业的，商务的；n.商业广告communicate vi.通讯，交流vt.传达，传播compare vt.比较，对照；1to把compel vt.强迫，迫使compete vi.竞争，比赛competent a.有能力的，胜任的complain v.抱怨 complaint n.抱怨1.A collision with parliament could ruin the government?s plans.2.The newspaper publishes a daily column of English.3.If you command wisely,you 11 be obeyed cheerfully.4.He does not want to make a living in the commercial world.5.Deaf people communicate by sign language.6.Life is poetically compared to the morning dew.7.They were often compelled to work twelve or fourteen hours a day.8.These circumstances have enabled us to compete successfully in the open markets of the world.9.He is quite competent to do the work.10.He complained bitterly of his bad memory.Unit 12complex a.1.组合的；2.复杂的；n.综合体complicated a.复杂的，难懂的component n.（组）成（部）分，部件，元件a.组成的，构成的compose vt.1.组成，构成；2.创作（音乐、文学作品），为谱曲compound n.1化合物，复合物a.化合的，复合的comprehensive a.广泛的，综合的compromise n.妥协，折中办法；vi妥协compuconcern n.1.关心，挂念；2.关系，关联vt.1.涉及，有关于；2.使关心，使挂念as/so far asbeed 就，,而言conclude vt.1.推断出，推断出；2.结束；3.缔结，议定；vi.结束，终了1.What he said was too complex for me to understand.The three-building complex case I have ever handled.2.This is the most complicated case I have ever handled.3.A chemist can separate a medicine into its components.4.These houses are chiefly composed of wood.The music was composed by Beethoven.5.Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen.6.His account of the meeting was most comprehensive.7.We arrived at some compromise.8.The losses are computed at$4000.9.The situation in the Middle East is causing grave concern.10.After waiting an hour they concluded that he wasn?t coming.Unit 13conduct vt.1.处理，管理；2.指挥，引导；3.传导，传(热、电)confess v.1.承认；2.坦白，供认confine vt.限制，使局限congratulate vt.祝贺，向,道喜conquer vt.1攻克，征服；2.破除，克服；conscious a.1.意识到的，自觉的；2.有意的；3.神智清醒的consent n.同意，赞成;vi.(to)同意，赞成consist vi.1.(of)组成,构成；2.(in)存在于constitute vt.组成，构成，形成construct vt.建造，构筑1.He is man of very good conduct.2.I must frankly confess that I did not understand it.3.I will confine myself entirely to this phase of the subject.4.I warmly congratulated him on the marvelous discovery.5.We must learn to conquer erroneous ideas through debate and reasoning.6.I am deeply conscious of my responsibility as a teacher.7.I ought first to have asked your consent.8.Happiness consists in contentment.The paper consists of eight pages.9.Seven days constitute a week.10.The hut was constructed from trees that grew in the nearby forest.Unit 14consume vt.消耗，花费contact vt./n.接触，联系contest n.竞争，竞赛；v.争夺，争取胜利contract n.合同，契约vi.1.订合同2.缩小，收缩contrast n.对比，对照；vt.对比，对照；vi(with)形成对比，对比之下显出 区别 convince vt.使确信，使信服cooperate vi.合作，协作，配合correspond vi.1.(with)相符合，成一致；2.(to)相当，相类似；3.通信1.He consumed much time