新版仁爱英语七年级上册知识点归纳.pdf

仁仁爱爱英英语语七年七年级级上上册册知知识识点点归纳归纳Unit 1 Making New Friends一、元音字母：Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu包含有以下元音的字母：e Aa Hh Jj Kk i:Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv a Ii Yy ju:Uu Qq Ww e Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz二、大小写句首字母，人名，地名，称呼语，专有名词，星期的首字母要大写，引人注意。Look！Is that Jane?He comes from Hubei,China.Mr.Wang,this is my mom.What class are you in?Im in Class Ten,Grade Seven.On Sunday,we go to the West Hill for a picnic.三、问候语1.Good morning/afternoon/evening.2.Hello!/Hi!-Hello!/Hi!3.Nice/Glad to see/meet you.-Nice/Glad to see/meet you,too.4.Welcome to China/my home.-Thanks.5.How do you do?-How do you do?6.How are you?-Fine,thank you.And you?-Im OK.7.See you then/later.-See you.8.Goodbye.-Bye.9.Thank you.-Youre welcome./Thats OK./Not at all.四、数字句型1.How old are you/is he/are they?-Im/He is/They are eleven.2.Whats your telephone number?-Its 4567967.3.What class/grade are you in?-Im in Class Ten,Grade Seven.（注意大小写）五、重要句型及短语1.Whats your name?-My name is Sally.2.Where are you from?-Im from China.Where do you come from?-I come from China.3.Where is he/she from?-He/She is from Japan.4.Whats this/that in English?-Its a/an 5.Whatre these/those in English?-Theyre 6.How do you spell it?-E-R-A-S-E-R,eraser.7.Can you spell it?-Yes,M-A-P,map.六、Be 动词的用法我用 am，你用 are，is 用于他、她、它，单数用 is，复数就用 are。含 be 动词的陈述句变否定句在 be 后加 not，变一般疑问句将 be 提前。一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes,人称代词+be；否定回答：No,人称代词+be+not。如：They are teachers.-They are not teachers.-Are they teachers?新|课|标|第|一|网 -Yes,they are./No,they arent.七、(1)不定冠词 a,an 的用法:a/an 都表示“一，一个”，a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：a book;a desk;an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：an apple/an orange/an English book;/an English boy/an old man;/an actor/an English teacher/an office worker.（2）the 是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用We are in the same class.The girl in a pink skirt is Jane.Where is the book?This isnt my bike.The blue one is mine.(3)and 的用法数字相加看做单数：Two and three is five.颜色相加也是单数:Black and white is gray.人和事物相加是复数：Lucy and Lily are sisters.The pen and the eraser are Janes八、名词单复数1.名词变复数规则（1）规则变化1）一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car-cars;photo-photos;toy-toys;boy-boys2）以 s,x,ch,sh 结尾的词，在词尾加-es，如：box-boxes;bus-buses3）以辅音字母+y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 es，如：baby-babies;family-families 4）以 fe 结尾，变 fe 为 v 再加 es，如：knife-knives（2）不规则变化：如：foot-feet;man-men;woman-women;snowman-snowmen;2.集体名词：people,clothes,police,family3.成双出现的名词：shoes,pants(trousers),gloves,eyes,ears一词多义：An orange is orange.w W w.x K b 1.c o MUnit 2 Looking Different一、重点句型1.Who is your favorite actor?2.We are in the same school,but we are in different grades.3.What do/does+主语+look like?长得怎么样？What does he look like?-He is not very tall but very strong.-She is tall and has short brown hair.4.We dont look the same,but we are good friends.We look the same,but we are in different clothes.5.What color is/are+主语？-Its/Theyre+颜色.What color is her hair?-Its blond.6.This is my cap.=This cap is mine.Is this your cap?=Is this cap yours?Whose cap is this?=Whose is this cap?-Its Sallys.Whose are these bananas?-Theyre their bananas/theirs.7.His pants are blue and mine are white.(mine=my pants)My T-shirt is green and his is brown.(his=his T-shirt)8.I have small eyes,but he has big ones.（ones 指代 eyes）My jacket is blue and white.That one is blue.（one 指代 jacket）二、重点短语重点短语1.give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.把某物给某人Please give it to her.2.look the same 长相相同 look different 长相不同，看起来不一样3.look like 看起来像He looks like his father.=He and his father look the same.4.next to 在旁边The boy next to me is my good friend.5.in+颜色 穿着颜色的衣服in+a/an+颜色+衣服 穿着颜色的The boy in a yellow T-shirt and gray pants is my good friend.6.(1)both 两者都（Be 动词之后，实义动词之前）They both have brown hair and black eyes.They are both office workers.(2)all 三者或三者以上都They are all kind to me.X K b1.C om7.数字+(形状、大小)+颜色+n.two big red apples She has short blond hair.三、动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式（一）动词前是第三人称单数形式（he、she、it；单一的人；单一的名字；单一的事物）：动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则：1）一般情况直接加“s”，如：come-comes，meet-meets2)动词以 o，s，sh，ch,x 结尾，加“es”，如：do-does;go-goes;teach-teaches;3)以辅音字母+y 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 es,如:study-studies,fly-flies,try-tries4）特殊情况：have-has（二）句型转换：1）当主语为第三人称单数：变否定句时，在动词前加 doesnt,动词现原形；变一般疑问句时，在句首加does，动词现原形。一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes,人称代词+does。否定回答：No,人称代词+doesnt.如：She has small eyes.-She doesnt have small eyes.-Does she have small eyes?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.2)当主语为除第三人称单数之外的人称:变否定句,在动词前加 dont;变一般疑问句,在句首加 do,肯定回答:Yes,人称代词+do.否定回答:No,人称代词+dont.They have small eyes.-They dont have small eyes.-Do they have small eyes?-Yes,they do./No,they dont.四、表示所属关系1.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 形容词性物主代词 my your his her our their its 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers ours theirs its-Whose is this pen?Is it yours?-No,its not mine.My pen is blue.2.名词所有格，用于人或其他表示有生命的名词后：单数或不以 s 结尾的复数+s，如：Janes book Womens Day以 s 结尾的复数+如：Teachers Dayw W w.x K b 1.c o MLucys and Lilys bags 分有 Lucy and Lilys room 共有Those are Janes shoes.=Those shoes are Janes.3.of 表示所属关系，用于没有生命的物体，如 a map of China a photo of my familyUnit 3 Getting Together一、重点短语重点短语1.Could you please+动词原形？用来表示委婉的请求Could you please tell me your name?-Sure/No problem.My name is Sally.-Sorry.2.tell sb.sth.=tell sth.to sb.告诉某人某事 tell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某事Please tell me your name.=Please tell your name to me.Please tell Maria about it.请把这件事告诉玛丽亚吧。3.help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.在某方面帮助某人，帮助某人做某事Please help us find him.Could you please help me with English?=Could you please help me study English?4.want to do sth.=would like to do sth.想要做某事want sth.=would like sth.想要某物want sb.to do sth.想要某人做He wants to visit Beijing.=He would like to visit Beijing.I want/would like an orange.Jane wants Kangkang to sing some songs with her.5.show sth.to sb.=show sb.sth.把某物展示给某人看Maria shows a photo of her family to Kangkang.6.My English is very good.=I can speak English very well.7.live in+地点 居住在某地live with+sb.和某人住He live in China with his parents.8.know a lot about 知道许多关于的事He knows a lot about China.9.say 表示说话的内容，speak 表示说某种语言的能力What does he say in the letter?He can speak some English.10.对事物的喜欢程度likevery much/a lot 非常喜欢likea little 有点喜欢w W w.x K b 1.c o Mdont likeat all 一点都不喜欢Many students in our class like English a lot,but I like it a little.He doesnt like chocolate at all.11.a lot=very much 许多a lot of+可数名词复数/不可数名词I have a lot of English books.These books help me a lot with my English.12.every day 每天 each other 相互 some of them 他们中的一些eat out 下馆子，到外面吃饭13.play with sb.和某人一块玩耍 like to do/doing sth.喜欢(做)某事She likes to play with Kitty.注：would,will,could,can,may 是情态动词，后面跟动词原形，无人称和时态的变换。14.Help yourself/yourselves to sth.随便吃(喝)15.be kind to sb.对某人很友好They are all kind to me.他们对我很友好。Its very kind of you.你真好。16.be glad to do sth.很高兴(乐意)做I am very glad to be here.我很乐意在这里。Glad to meet you.很高兴见到你。17.let sb.do sth.让某人做某事Let me see.让我想一想。Let us help you find him.让我们帮助你找到他。18.I am home.我到家了。Maria isnt at home/in now.玛丽亚现在不在家。Welcome to my home.欢迎来我家。Its time to go home.该回家了。二、重点句型重点句型1.实义动词变一般疑问句及其回答：X|k|B|1.c|O|mDoes he speak English?-Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.Do you like Chinese?-Yes,I like it very much/a lot/a little.-No,I dont like it at all.2.询问职业及工作地点：What does your mother do?(书面)What is your mother?(口语)-She is an English teacher.Where does she work?-She works/teaches/studies in a school/hospital/restaurant on a farm in an office 3.介绍家人This is a photo of my family.The young woman in red is my mother.Is the young woman in red your mother?(变一般疑问句)Who is the young woman in red?(对划线部分提问)My grandparents,my cousin and I are on the sofa.I have a big family.我有一个大家庭。I love my family.我爱我的家。4.有用的就餐表达语1)Would you like something to drink?想不想喝些东西？-Yes,a glass of apple juice,please./No,thanks.something to drink 一些喝的东西 something to eat 一些吃的东西2)What would you like to have/eat/drink?你想吃（喝）些什么？-Id like some rice and chicken./Let me see.我想想看。3)Would you like to have dinner with me?想和我共进晚餐吗？-Yes,Id love to./Yes,Id like to.-Im sorry I have to4)What do you usually have for breakfast?你通常早餐吃什么？-I usually have milk and bread for breakfast.have for breakfast/lunch/dinner 早/午/晚餐吃、5)May I take your order,sir?请问，要点菜了吗？-Fish with vegetables and rice,please.6)May I help you?=Can I help you?=What can I do for you?请问要吃/喝/买些什么？5.委婉地请求、提建议的五种表达Would you like sth./to do?你愿意/想？What/How about sth./doing?怎么样？Why not do?为什么不？Lets do!让我们干吧！Why dont you do?为什么不？肯定回答:Yes,Id like/love to./Good idea./OK./All right./Id love that./Thanks,that would be very nice.否定回答:No,thanks./Im sorry I cant,I have to do/Id like that,but Im sorry I have no time.三、人称代词的主格与宾格：xK b 1.Com点拨：主格在句子中充当主语，放在动词之前；宾格放在动词之后构成动宾短语，放在介词之后构成介宾短语。主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthemDo you know them?-Yes.They are my new classmates.Do they go home with us?他们和我们一块回家吗？四、可数名词与不可数名词1.可数名词可数名词：可以用数目来计数的名词，有单数和复数之分。如 banana,egg,apple,orange,noodles,vegetable,hamburger2.不可数名词不可数名词：不能用具体的数目来表示，前面不能加 a/an,没有复数形式。如 milk,chicken,bread,Coke,coffee,rice,juice,fish,tea,water,chocolate3.不可数名词若要表示数量，可用：数词+量词+of+不可数名词/可数名词复数。如：a glass of milk 一杯牛奶；ten bottles of apple juice 十瓶橙汁；a pair of shoes/pants;ten loaves of bread 十条面包；five kilos of apples 五公斤苹果;4.some/a lot of+可数名词的复数/不可数名词 many+可数名词的复数 much+不可数名词五、书信的格式1.称呼：顶格写，常用 Dear 开头，表示亲切、客套，后面用逗号。2.正文：从称呼的下一行开始写，开头空两格。3.结束语：正文下面的客套话，写在右下角，首字母大写，末尾用逗号，常用 Yours。4.签名：指写信人的签名，写在结束语的下面。Unit 4 Having fun一、重点短语重点短语1.buy sth.for sb.=buy sb.sth.为某人买Linda wants to buy a toy car for her cousin.=Linda wants to buy her cousin a toy car.2.try on sth.=try sth.on 试穿 try it/them on(固定搭配固定搭配)Maria tries on the coat in a clothes shop.3.The coat looks very nice on you.你穿上这件外套真漂亮。4.Thats fine.Well take it.好的，我们就买它了。5.I am just looking.我只是随便看看。6.“Are you kidding?”means 你在开玩笑吗 in Chinese.7.think 想，认为 think about 考虑 think of 想法，认为Kangkang thinks its Li Mings.Ill think about it.我要考虑一下。think about a plan 考虑一项计划What do you think of this yellow skirt?8.Thank you all the same.仍然感谢你。9.get some wate 取水 fly a kite/kites 放风筝 sing some songs 唱歌get up 起床 meet friends at home 在家和朋友见面go home 回家 have a picnic=go(out)for a picnic 去野餐go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping=do some shopping 购物go to the zoo 去动物园 go to the West Hill 去西山 visit a friend 拜访朋友do ones homework 做作业 take ones order 点菜 call back 回电话 take some bread 带一些面包 see the Monkey Show 看猴子表演10.ask sb.to do sth.请/要某人做某事Could you ask her to call me back this evening?你能让她今晚给我回个电话吗？11.need sth./to do sth.需要(做)某事We need to help them with their English.我们需要帮助他们学英语。What do we need?-We need two kilos of apples and some rice.12.have/has to do sth.不得不/必须做Kangkang has to cook.康康必须要做饭。Kangkang doesnt have to cook.(变否定句)13.save 节省，攒钱，挽救Big sale!Buy more and save more!大降价！买得多，省得多！Ben can save 5.14.here 这里 there 那里Here you are.给你。Here it is.在这。Here we are.我们到了。The clothes are there,madam.夫人，服装在那边。Where is Baby Monkeys home?-Its there.15.be free=have time 有时间，有空 Are you free this Sunday?=Do you have(any)time this Sunday?Im sorry I have no time.=Im sorry I dont have any time.16.Its time to do sth/for sth.该做某事了，是做某事的时候了Its time to have breakfast.=Its time for breakfast.17.Thank you for your help.=Thank you for helping me.谢谢你的帮忙。18.this Sunday/morning/afternoon/evening at eight oclock 在八点整 in the morning/afternoon/evening on Sunday moring 在星期天早上19.on ones way home 在回家的路上 on ones way to school 在上学的路上 Buy some eggs and rice on your way home.The Baby Monkey cant find his way home.二、重点句型重点句型1.有用的购物表达语1)Can I help you?/May I help you?-Yes,please.I want to buy some clothes for my daughter./I like the red coat.-Im just looking,thanks.2)What can I do for you?-I want a T-shirt for my son.3)Can I try it on?/Why not try them on?no=not any/a/anHe has no books.=He doesnt have any books.He has no book.=He doesnt have a book.-Sure/No problem.(Maria tries on the dress.)4)Thats fine.Well take it.5)280 yuan!Are you kidding?Ill think about it.Thank you all the same.6)Could you help me do some shopping?-Sure.What do we need?7)Is that all?-Yes,I think so.就那些吗？是的，我想就这些。8)Its too heavy.它太重了。Let me help you.让我帮助你吧。2.询问对事物的观点、看法How do you like this pair of pants?你认为这条裤子怎么样？What do you think of the pants?-Theyre too long./I dont like it at all.How about the blue one?3.询问数量how much+不可数名词+？how many+复数名词(复数)+？We need two kilos of apples.How many apples do you need?We need five bags of rice.How many bags of rice do you need?We need five bags of rice.How much rice do you need?4.询问价格(price)How much is/are？-Its/Theyre.How much is the bread?-Its three yuan a loaf.How much are the shoes?-They are 280 yuan.5.询问重量(quantity)How heavy is it?-Its one kilo a bag.一千克一袋。6.打电话的简单交际用语:1)Who is this,please?-This is Sally.2)May I speak to Maria?-Sorry,she isnt in/at home now.3)Are you free this Sunday?-Yes.Whats up?4)Would you like to go to the West Hill with us?Would you like to go with us?5)Could you ask/tell him to call me back this evening?-Sure.7.委婉地请求、建议1)Would you like to fly a kite with me?-Oh/Yes,Id love/like to.2)How/What about flying a kite with me?-Im sorry I cant.I have to cook.3)Why not fly a kite with me?-Id like that,but Im sorry I have no time.4)Lets fly a kite.-Good idea./OK./That would be very nice.8.时间的表达方法：1)直接表达:“时+分”，如:4:00 four oclock;12:05 twelve o five；2:30 two thirty2)30 分钟以内：用“分+past+时”，表示“几点几分”如：8:15 a quarter past eight;9:30 half past nine3)超过 30 分钟：用“(60-分)+to+(时+1)”表示“差几分到几点”如：3:55 five to four;5:40 twenty to six9.询问时间(time)What time is it,please?/What is the time,please?-Its seven oclock.10.询问最喜欢的动物What are your favorite animals?-Elephants/Monkeys/Panadas/Tigers.Theyre so/very kind/clever/cute/strong.三、some 与与 any 的用法的用法some 用于肯定句及语气委婉的疑问句，any 用于否定句和疑问句中。She wants some oranges.Does she want any oranges?What about/Why not have/Would you like some chicken?