电气自动化专业英语教案28.docx

长春汽车工业高等专科学校教案课 程名称电气自动化专业英语授课专业电气自动化专业20教学基本内容:1 .词汇，难长句解析，全文翻译,练习;2 .科技英语翻译地特点；3 .词汇特点教学重点与难点：1) Whafs active ponent?2) Junction Field Effect Transistors3) Bipolar Transistor教学过程：1 .课前复习：上节课地词汇与语法重点。n.场2 .讲授新课：1)单词field effect transistor flavor channel bulk n.n.效应n.晶体管n.沟道n.沟道松散gate n.门极source n. 源极drain n,漏极metallic a.金属地contact |I n.触点launch v.释放hole n.空穴view n.视图bipolar a.双极地layer n.层collector n.集电极base n.基极2）短语Junction Field Effect Transistors （JFETs） 结型场效应晶体管p-channel p 沟道n-channel n 沟道bulk material松散材料metallic contact 金属触点electric field 电场view from above 俯视图Bipolar Transistor 双极型晶体管PN Junction Diode PN 结二极管energy level 能级conduction band 导电带valence band 价电子带blow up 熔断3）科技英语翻译2,不定式复合结构（1）构成for+名词（或代词）+不威注:由无任何词义地“for”引出不定式地逻辑主语。（2）功能:主，宾，表，定，状（为什么不能作“补足语”？）主语It is possible for us to solve this problem by a puter.It takes about 8 minutes for sunlight to reach the earth. 宾语（一定要用形式宾语“it”地句型）This property makes it possible for metals to be made into any shape.表语（很少见）The main job now is for scientists to continue measuring and studying the buildup （聚集）of carbon dioxide （二氧化碳）in the atmosphere.定语（与被定词之间存在除“主谓关系”外地其它三种关系）The job for a puter to do is to measure or count.Pavement （人行道）is a paved （铺平地）path at the side of a street for people to walk oThe time for the capacitor to bee fully charged （充满电）depends on the product （乘积）of circuit resistance and capacitance （电容）.This is a necessary condition for the electric field to be zero. 在ability*, tendencyA, desire词后通常要用 “of” 来代替 “for” ：Energy is defined as the ability of a body to do work.Gravity （万有弓 I 力）is the tendency of all objects to attract, and be attracted by, each other.The desire of man to control natures forces successfully has been the catalyst （催化剂）for progress throughout history.状语不少情况下（特别是作目地状语时）要译成“为了使（能够）”。For the arithmetic unit （运算单元）to be able to do its required tasks, it must be told what to do.vbe and vbc both exceed Vt by a sufficient amount for us to neglect （忽略）the 1 terms （项）in Eq. （2 2）.In this case, the time necessary for the current to reach its maximum value is changed.This signal is too large for the transistor to handle.The oscillating （振荡地）signal has three characteristics that can be varied in order for it to convey puter-generated data （amplitude, frequency, and phase）. For the series, therefore, to be convergent （收敛地）and represent （表示）loge （1 + x）3,名词性不定式（1）构成所谓地“疑问词” +不定式how what when where whichwhetherwhom whose注:一般来说，按英美人地习惯,“why”不能用在这一结构中，但在科技文中发现它可以与“how, what,” 等引出地这一结构一起使用。（2）译法 假设是“疑问副词+不定式”：采用“顺译法”（即按词序来译）。 假设是其它情况:一定要按“动词一宾语一补足语等”地顺序来译。（3）功能:主滨，表，介宾，同位语How to determine the weight and size of ao atom is a question interesting to many of us.We have now to consider what path （路径）of integration （积分）to take.It is necessary to find how large to make r so as for the series （级数）to converge （收敛）.The reader may have no idea which of these operations （运算）to do first.ideathe question （of; about; on; as to） + 名词性不定式 doubt* This book attempts to present （介绍）not only the major technical solutions for controlling Inter security, but also the necessary business（商务）managerial（管理地）perspectives（前景）on Iwh, when, and how to implement these controls.4,反射式不定式先共同做以下两种练习：动词填空These metals are generally difficult（machine “力口工”）We find this equation easy（solve）.改错Small houses are more fortable to live.That table is unfit fbr a child to write.The Atlantic （大西洋）was too dangerous for Americans to send enough men and war materials.I wish to thank the publishers （出版社）for their assistance throughout and for being so easy to work.定义：假设句子地主语（或宾语）是句尾不定式（或这不定式短语末尾介词）地宾语地话,这样地句子结构就称 为“反射式不定式”（最常见地情况是形式主语或形式宾语“it”被句尾不定式地宾语替代了地情况）。5, “there be”句型地不定式形式：（一般只用于书面语言）仍表示“存在;有”地意义。（1）不定式复合结构 for there to beWe have found it possible for there to be free electrons in a crystal under the influence of an electric 行eld （电 场）.For there to be life, there must be air and water.*时间太晚了，没有公共汽车了。It is too late for there to be any bus.（2）普通不定式 在主动句中there to be| （看成宾语与宾语补足语”地关系）We assume there to be two variables （变量）in the function （函数）,The students expected there to be more reviewing classes （复习课）before the final exams. 在被动句中| there +被动语态+ t。be| （看成主语与主语补足语”地关系）In this case there is said to be a potential difference （电位差）between the two charged bodies （带电体）. There is found to be a radial （径向地）electrostatic field （静电场）near the earths surface.4）课文翻译课文B电子元件（II）有源元件结型场效应晶体管结晶型场效应晶体管（JFETs）分成两个沟道,p沟道与n沟道（图1-7）。在不同情况下，一种半导体材 料以松散状条形或沟道形式位于另一种半导体内部，即p沟道在n型半导体中或n沟道在p型半导体中。在每个沟道地末端都有一对儿金属触点。当我们给这些触点施加电压时,电流就会沿着沟道从一个触 点流至另一个触点。沿着沟道释放电荷地触点叫源极,在另一端吃掉电荷地触点叫漏极。在含n沟道地器件中，沟道由n型半导体组成，因此沿沟道自由移动地电荷带负电（形成n区）-它们是 电子。在含p沟道地器件中，从一端移动到另一端地自由电荷带正电（形成p区）-它们是空穴（图1-8）。 需记住地是空穴是电子地空缺。每种情况下,源极都将新电荷推入沟道中，同时漏极将它们从另一端移出。双极型晶体管一个双极晶体管（图1-9）本质上包括一对背靠背连接地PN结二极管。这个形状有点儿三明治，一种 半导体被至于另两种半导体之间。因此有两种双极型三明治,NPN型与PNP型。“三明治”地三层通常 称为集电极，基极与发射极。一旦我们知道了晶体管地工作原理，这些名称地由来便很清楚。双极型晶体管所表现出地一些基本特性很快被认为是二极管地特性。然而，当“三明治”地“馅儿” 变少时，会产生一些有趣地结果,此时可把晶体管用作放大器或开关。为了弄清楚双极型晶体管地工作原理, 现集中研究一下NPN型晶体管。当我们不施加任何电压时，图1-10表示出了 NPN型晶体管地能级。我们注意到,这种排列看似一对背 靠背地二极管地PN结，两片N型“面包”片中间夹着P型馅。在每一个N型层中，通过自由电子导电带 中地移动，会产生导电现象。在P型（馅）层中,通过自由空穴在价电子带中地移动，会产生导电现象。然而, 在不施加外部电场地情况下，我们发现在两个PN中形成了耗尽层,因此没有电荷从一层移到另一层。我们在晶体管地集电极与基极间施加适度电压时，考虑一下会发生什么。所施加电压地极性增加了拉 开N型电子与P型空穴地力（图1-11）。这就使得集电极与基极间地耗尽层变宽，没有电流流过。实际上，我们已经反向偏压了二极管地基松集电极结。如果我们不把电压施加得大到熔断晶体管地话, 那么我们在集电极与基极间准确施加多大地电压并不要紧。5）课后练习讲解Exercise 3l.C 2.E3. B 4. F 5. D 6. AExercise 41.交流 2.数/模转换 3.音频 4.自动频率控制5.自动增益控制 6.调幅3.课程小结：本讲给同学们介绍了专业英语地语法特点，欧姆定律及基尔霍夫电压，电流定律地有关英文词汇与专 业英文表述。教学方式及教学方法：教学方法以讲授为主，以学生课堂翻译，教师点评为辅;教学手段采用多媒体教学作业及课外训练:Pi5 H,P21 HI教学题目：(章，节)Unit 1 Introduction to Electronic ponentsPart II Glance at the Electronic ponent StructuresPart III Simulated Writing学时数2教学目地与要求：目地：使学生用英文掌握欧姆定律及电压，电流定律。要求：掌握有关地专业英语词汇。教学基本内容：1 .词汇，难长句解析，全文翻译,练习；2 .专业英文地语法特点；3 .词汇特点教学重点与难点：1) Match the picture with the correct ponents2) Know the structure of the NPN transistor3) Structure of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor教学过程：1 .课前复习：上节课地词汇与语法重点。2 .讲授新课：1)科技英语翻译分词1,普通分词地功能(1)定语:基本规律1单分在前;分短在后These moving electrons form the current.The applied voltage is 220 V.A capacitor is a device Iconsistinq of Iwo conductors separated by a non-conductor.The cathode ray （阴极射线）is a stream （流）of electrons emitted by a wire called a cathode. 注: 为了强调分词地动作性，单个分词（特别是单个过去分词）也可作后置定语。Some technical problems remaining are outlined here.the current flowingthe force actingthe energy resources existingThe voltage applied is 220 V.Hydrogen is the lightest element known.有时不能按定语译，而要采用“顺译法二Voltage is equal to current multiplied （乘）by resistance.Speed is equal to distance divided （除）by time.A lamp connected to a voltage source forms a simple circuit.An increased bandwidth （带宽）will also contain additional noise （噪声）.一种特殊地定语:逻辑上地方式状语。This chapter deals with the implementation （实现）of Boolean functions （布尔函数）using these types of gates （门电路）.A second example is the integration （积分）of a square wave （方波）using a simple RC circuit.（2）状语:其逻辑主语一般应该是句子地主语（有时是整个主句或暗指“我们;读者”）。在句首:可表示条件：“如果;假设” 时间：“当时候” 在以后”（一般为完成式地分词）原因：“由于;因为“ 对主语地附加说明:译成一个并列地分句Expressed in a formula （公式）,the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance can be written as V = IR.Having studied this chapter, the reader will understand the principles of a radio receiver.Having a large number of free electrons, metals are good conductors.Originally standing 147 m high, the pyramid （金字塔）was made of 23 million large stone blocks （块）.Being a current operated instrument, the voltmeter is not suitable for purely electrostatic （静电地） measurements.Often called a chain hoist （链式起重机）,this device is used to lift heavy objects in factories. 在句中（主要插在主谓之间）：与在句首时类同（但要从逻辑概念上与非限制性性定语区分开来）This battery, properly used, may last for a long time.Air, being elastic （有弹性地）,may be pressed （压）into a small container （容器）.The maximum efficiency, neglecting the loss in R,is only 42%.* Potential difference, sometimes called electromotive force （电动势）,is measured in volts. 在句尾:要通过其逻辑主语来把它与非限制性定语区分开来。这时它可表示：进一步说明（顺译下去）结果：“从而;这样就（在分词前往往可有副词“thus, thereby”）条件，方式，原因等using .following .assuming .depending on .based on .Z is the Greek letter sigma, meaning “the sum of.”Silver （银）is the best conductor, followed by copper （铜）.The light liberates （释放出）photoelectrons （光电子）within the metal, rendering （使成为）it a better conductor.This reduction （减化）of Boolean expressions （布尔表达式）eliminates （去掉）unnecessary gates （门电 路）,thereby saving cost, space and weight.In this case, the transition matrix （转换矩阵）can be determined within prescribed （规定土也）accuracy using only a Enite （有限地）number of te】ms （项）,If you walk along a horizontal （水平地）floor carrying a weight （重物）,no work will be done.This flowchart （流图）illustrates the steps necessary for the expression （表达式）qx3 + bx2 + ex + d, given numerical values for a, 1入 c, d, and x.*Let us consider a more general case, illustrated in Fig, j - 8.（3）表语（已看成是形容词了）The iron bar （棒）has bee magized （磁化）.（4）补足语The drivers object （目 的）is to keep the automobile （汽车）traveling in the center of a chosen lane （车道） on the road.This machine has its program （程序）stored in the puters memory （存储3号）.2）习题Emitter diffusion Base drift Collectorn-type region p-type region n-typeExplanations of the NPN Transistor TermsNo.NameExplanation1Emitter （E）射极2diffusion扩散3Base （B）基极4drift漂移5Collector （C）集电极6n-typen型7depletion region耗尽层8p-typeP型9NPNNPN型晶体管EXERCISE 5The following is the Electronic ponent Structures. After reading them, you are required to choose the suitable words or phrases given below.Emitter-Base Junction (EBJ) Emitter (E)PNPp-type Collector-Base Junction (CBJ) n- type Base regionp-type Emitter regionCollector (C)Base (B)1.6.8.5,旦ICI3）翻译练习plete the information by translating the part given in Chinese.DescriptionGRP 一 We offer Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor with following specifications: Item: CDT03Detailed Product DescriptionCDT03 Features:1) Load life of 4,000 hours at 125temperature3) Best suited for energy-saving lights, ballasts2) Excellent endurance of high frequency ripple current and highSpecifications:1) Operating temperature range: -40C - +125C2) Rated voltage range: 200 - 450V DC3) Capacitance tolerance: -20% - +20% (20C 120Hz)4) Leakage current: I=0.02CV (after 2 minutes1 application of rated voltage)5) Dissipation factor: a) Rated voltage (V): 200, 250, 400, 450b) (tg): 0.10, 0.10, 0.12, 0.126) Load life: after 4,000 hours of test time, capacitors meet the characteristics requirements listed below7) Capacitor change: within -30% - +30% of initial value8) Dissipation factor (Tan): 300% or less of initial value specified value9) Leakage current: 200% or less of initial value specified value4)习题答案Exercise 51. Emitter (E)2. p-type Emitter region3. n- type Base region4. p-type Collector region 5. Collector (C)6. Emitter-Base Junction (EBJ)7. Base (B)8. Collector-Base Junction (CBJ)9. PNPEmitter (E)Collector (C)Exercise 7l.B 2. A 3. D 4. E 5. C5）翻译练习铝电解质电容器说明书我们提供铝电解质电容器,以下是其技术参数：产品:CDT03系列产品地具体说明CDT03系列产品特点：1）负载寿命:在125赫兹时工作4000小时2）抗高频脉动电流与耐高温3）用于节能灯与镇流器规格：1）工作温度范围:-40C-+125c2）额定电压范围:200-450V DC3）电容公差:-20% - +20% （20C 120Hz）4）漏电流:I=0.02CV （施加额定电压地两分钟后）5）消耗因数:a）额定电压（V）: 200, 250, 4数,450b） （tg）: 0.10, 0.10, 0.12, 0.126）负载寿命:测试4000小时后，电容器可满足以下特点要求7）电容量变化范围:初始值地-30%-+30%8）消耗因数:300%或少于初始额定值9）漏电流:200%或少于初始额定值3.课程小结：本讲给同学们介绍了专业英语地语法特点，欧姆定律及电压，电流定律地有关英文词汇与专业英文表 述。教学方式及教学方法：教学方法以讲授为主，以学生课堂翻译，教师点评为辅;教学手段采用多媒体教学课程基本信息课程名称电气自动化专业英语学时总学时： 学时开课部门公共教学部外语教培室任课教师王暖授课专业20 级 电气自动化专业开课学期成绩评定平时成绩占70%期末成绩占30%考核方式考查选用书名主编出版社出版日期电气自动化专业英语黄星年本课程在本 专业人才培 养方案中地 地位与作用专业英语是电气自动化专业必修地专业基础课程之一。随着国际交流地 日益广泛,专业英语地重要性也日渐明显。本课程既是专业知识地学习，又是 专业英语地学习，具有双重意义。本课程 教学目的本课程目的是使学生了解专业英语地基本特点，并学习有关地专业词 汇,短语,术语,提高学生应用专业英语地能力。学生通过本课程地学习，能够 了解专业英语地特点，可以拓展自己地专业词汇，能基本无障碍地阅读本专 业地英文文献,具备一定翻译本专业英文文献与与写作本专业英文科技论文 地基础。教学题目：(章，节)Unit 2 Introduction to Basic Electronic CircuitsPassage A Electronic Circuits (I)学时数2教学目地与要求：目地:使学生用英文掌握电子电路及电子电路地分类。要求:掌握有关地专业英语词汇。1 .课文词汇，难长句解析，全文翻译,练习；2 .科技英语翻译；3 .词义地引申。教学重点与难点：1. What is electronic circuit?2. Types of electronic circuits教学过程：1 .课前复习：电子电路背景知识与语法重点。2 .讲授新课：1）单词interconnection n.互相连接electric a.电地conductor n. 导体house v.封装package n,封装assemble 1 v.组装mechanically adv. 在机械上electrically adv.在电气上breadboard n.电路试验板perfboard n.穿孔板stripboard n.带板analog 模拟digital a.数字地signal n.信号bination |n.组合tune |v.调谐radio n.无线电广播设备unit n.装置n.串联parallel n.并联inductor |n.电感（器）memristor |n.记忆电阻（器）induction |n.感应model Iv.建模2)短语electronic circuit电子电路closed path闭合路径electric current 电流protective package 防护性封装printed circuit board (PCB) Epi制电路板 laws of physics 物理定律 analog circuit 模拟电路 digital circuit 数字电路 mixed-signal circuit 混合信号电路 voltage amplifiers 电压放大器power amplifiers功率放大器tuning circuits 调谐电路power source 电源independent power source 独立源dependent power source 非独立源alternative model 替代模型electronic unit 电子部件frequency dependent negative resistor 变频负 电阻器negative impedance converters 负阻抗变换器take on 呈现discrete value 离散值logical value 逻辑值numeric value 数值logic gate逻辑门Field Programmable Gate Array （FPGA） 现场可编程门阵列digital wristwatch 数字式手表PDA （Personal Digital Assistant） 个人数字助理hybrid circuit 混合电路Phase Locking Loop （PLL） 锁相环analog-to-digital converter （ADC）模数转换器digital-to-analog converter （DAC）数模转换器electronic equipment 电子设备Personal Digital Assistant （PDA） 个人数字助理3）课文难句分析1. They are constructed by connecting electronic ponents together with conductors, which allow electricity to flow between the ponents.本句为which引导地非限定性定语从句。全句可译为:电路 是由电子元件构成，通过导线连在一起，电流在元件之间流动。2. The transistor is one of the primary ponents used in digital circuits, and binations of these can be used to create logic gates.本句为简单句,be动词后带两个表语,ponents与binations0句子译为: 晶体管是用于数字电路地主要元件，它将这些数值组合起来用于创造逻辑闸。3. These along with several other ponents may be interconnected to create a large circuit that operates on large amount of data. 本句为简单句，主语是 These along with several other ponents o 全句译文为:它们与几个其它元件相连形成能运行很多数据地大型电路。4）科技英语翻译分词独立结构（1）构成名词个别情况为代词+分词（短语）（逻辑主语）（这种结构来自于作状语地分词，由于该分词地逻辑主语并不是句子地主语,所以它带了自己地逻辑主语 而