高考英语虚拟语气考点复习讲义.pdf

高考英语虚拟语气历年考点分析高考英语虚拟语气历年考点分析-情态动词和虚拟语气历年典型题训练情态动词和虚拟语气历年典型题训练费县实验中学：朱宗彩费县实验中学：朱宗彩虚拟语气在高考中的频率不高，主要考查以下虚拟语气在高考中的频率不高，主要考查以下 5 5 个方面个方面:考点一、含有考点一、含有 if if 引导的状语从句的虚拟语气引导的状语从句的虚拟语气考点二、虚拟语气省略考点二、虚拟语气省略 if if 的倒装情况的倒装情况考点三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气考点三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气考点四、混合虚拟条件句（错综虚拟条件句）考点四、混合虚拟条件句（错综虚拟条件句）考点五、含蓄条件句考点五、含蓄条件句考点精讲考点精讲考点一、含有考点一、含有 if if 引导的状语从句的虚拟语气引导的状语从句的虚拟语气（1）若与现在事实相反从句形式为：_主句形式为：_If he came here,he would/should/could/might help me.（2）若与过去事实相反从句形式为：_主句形式为：_If you had come here yesterday,youwould/should/could/might have seen theexpert.3）若与将来事实相反句形式为：_/_/_.主句形式为：_-If he met me,he would/should/could/might be very happy.If you should come here,you would/should/could/might meet many classmates.If we were to do that,we would/should/could/might make goodpreparation.高考真题 1：It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love at the age of seven,with the MelindaCox Library in my hometown.(2002上海)Awouldnt have fallenB.had not fallenC.should fallD.were to fall考点二、虚拟语气省略考点二、虚拟语气省略 if if 的倒装情况的倒装情况注意注意：在在 if if 引导的虚拟条件句中，若有动词引导的虚拟条件句中，若有动词were,shouldwere,should或或 hadhad，有时可以省略连词有时可以省略连词 if if，而把这三个词放，而把这三个词放在主语之前，变成倒装句。在主语之前，变成倒装句。如Were I a bird,I would fly.高考真题 2：_ fired,your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.(2006湖北)A.Would you beB.Should you beC.Could you beD.Might you be高考真题 3：._ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu river.(1994 上海)A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will考点三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气考点三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气suggest,insist,request,demand,order 等表示“建议、坚持、要求、命令”等含义时，这些动词后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”(should 可省略)。常见动词有：常见动词有：一个一个“坚持坚持”（insist）；两个两个“命令命令”（order,demand）；三个三个“建议建议”（advise,suggest,propose）；四项四项“要求要求”（demand,require,request,ask）。特别说明：suggest 当“建议”讲时，that 从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词要用(should)+动词原形；当“暗示，说明，表明”讲时，不用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词视情况而定。He suggested that Mr.Smith _(invited)to the party.His pale look suggested that he _(be)in poor health.insist 当“坚持要”表示命令时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should）+do;当“坚持说，硬说”讲时，不用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词形视情况而定。He insisted that the conference _(put off)till the next month.典例典例 1 1The look on his face suggested that he_ angry and we_ him alone.A.was,leftB.was,should leaveC.should be,should leaveD.should be,left典例典例 2 2He insisted that his suggestion _ right and we_ the plan into practice as soon as possible.1A.was,putB.was,must putC.should be,should putD.should be,put上述动词的名词形式，如suggestion,order,proposal,demand,request,advice,idea 等名词在句中作主语、表语、宾语，并且后面出现表语从句、同位语从句时，从句用 should+do,should 可以省略。如：It is requested that all the books _ to each school as soon as possible.要求把所有的书尽快送到每个学校。My suggestion is that we _(try)the experiment another way.Its necessary/important/strange/surprising/natural that句式表达了说话人的命令、要求、建议或者惊讶，从句中应用 should+do,其中 should 可省略。It is a pity/a shame/no wonder等that 从句It is suggested(decided,ordered,requested,etc)that典例典例 3 3His suggestion is that the harvest_ in before the rainy season comes.A.be gotB.getC.should getD.got考点四、混合虚拟条件句（错综虚拟条件句）考点四、混合虚拟条件句（错综虚拟条件句）有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间是不一致的（如一个是过去发生的，一个是现在发生的），这时动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。例如：If I had followedhad followed the doctors advice,I would be better now.如果我听了医生的建议,我现在可能就好多了.If you _ hard then,you _in the university now.如果那时你努力一些,你现在就上大学了.If the doctor _sooner last night,the patient _ alive now.如果医生昨晚能早来一会儿,病人现在可能就活下来了.考点五、含蓄虚拟条件句：考点五、含蓄虚拟条件句：有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句表示，而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。主要有以下几种情况。1)用 with,without，but for 等介词短语来替代条件从句,它们都可以转换成由 if 引导的虚拟条件句。如：We might have died without your help.=We might have died if you hadnt helped us.Without the sun,nothing would grow.=_.没有太阳，万物都不能生长。2)用 or,otherwise,but that,suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that)等引导的虚拟语气。如：You didnt come yesterday,or you_him.你昨天没有来，否则的话，你就已经看到他了。I was very busy last week,otherwise I _ you.我上周很忙，否则的话，我就来看你了。_I was still a little child,I would study hard from now on.假如我还是一个小孩子的话，我将从现在开始努力学习。3)通过上下文来表示虚拟：这种情况下，需要加以分析。I would have given you more money,but I was so poor then.我（那时如果有钱的话）就可以给你更多的钱了，但是我当时太穷了。I would have called you,but I _ your telephone number.我本来可以给你打电话，但是我（那时）忘了你的电话号码。4）由 should+动词原形或者 should/could/might have+过去分词构成的虚拟语气。种情况下，虚拟条件句经常省略，而只剩下主句结构，如：I should have told you that,but I was afraid that you couldnt accept the fact.我本应该告诉你那件事，但我担心你不能接受这个事实。在重点复习以上常考内容的基础上，请大家附带复习以下内容在重点复习以上常考内容的基础上，请大家附带复习以下内容1.as if 和 if only 所引导的虚拟语气“as if”所引导的从句表示与事实相反时用虚拟语气，与事实相同时不用虚拟语气。用虚拟语气时同if 引导的状语从句部分的虚拟语气形式。“if only”表示“要是就好了”时使用虚拟语气。形式同if 引导的状语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。wish=if only+从句（从句谓语动词有三种形式）2例如：I wish(ed)I could(would,might)go to the moon in a spaceship one day.我希望有一天我能乘坐宇宙飞船登上月球.I wish(=If only)he _us now.要是他现在能来看望我.I wish(If only)he had visited us last night.=I wish(If only)he could have visited us last night.要是他昨晚能来看望我们就好了.高考真题 4：When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it look as if _.(1995年全国)A.breaksB.has brokenC.were brokenD.had been broken高考真题 5：If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed,he would not suffer so much now.A.liesB.layC.had lainD.should lie2.用介词用介词 without,but forwithout,but for，otherwiseotherwise 等代替条件句。等代替条件句。_ water,there would be no life._you,we couldnt have carried out the plan.要不是你的话我们（当时）无法实行那项计划。高考真题 6：He hesitate for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he _ a goal.(2001上海春)A.had scoredB.scoredC.would scoreD.would have scored高考真题 7：Without electricity human life _ quite different today.(1991全国)A.isB.will beC.would have beenD.would be高考真题 8：_ more attention,the tree could have grown better.(1990全国)A.GivenB.To giveC.GivingD.Having given3.Its(high)time that+Its(high)time that+主语主语+did+did 和和 Id ratherId rather 主语主语+did+did 都表达说话人的建议或愿望，都表达说话人的建议或愿望，表示将来的行为，表示将来的行为，属属于虚拟语气的一种。于虚拟语气的一种。It is time we got up.该是起床的时间了It is(high)time we should get up.该是我起床的时间了虚拟高考题 08-09 汇总1If their marketing plans succeed,they _ their sales by 20 percent.A.will increaseB.have been increasingC.have increasedD.would be increasing2 If the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic.But it _ all day.A.rainedB.rainsC.has rainedD.is raining3 It was announced that only when the fire was under control _ to return to their homes.A.the residents would be permittedB.had the residents been permittedC.would be residents be permittedD.the residents had been permitted4 Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we _ it without you.A.can manage B.could have managed C.could manageD.can have managed5-Im sorry.I _ at you the other day.-Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldnt shoutB.shouldnt have shoutedC.mustnt shout D.mustnt have shouted6But for their help，wethe program in timeAcan not finishBwill not finishChad not finishedDcould not have finished7 But for the help of my English teacher,Ithe first prize in the English Writing Competition.A.would not winB.would not have wonC.would winD.would have won8He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _ it differently.A.could expressB.would expressC.could have expressedD.must have expressed9The doctor recommended that youswim after eating a large meal.A.wouldnt B.couldntC.needntD.shouldnt10 What a pity!Considering his ability and experience，hebetter.A.need have doneB.must have doneC.can have doneD.might have done11Eliza remembers everything exactly as if ityesterday.A.was happening B.happens C.has happenedD.happened312fired，your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A.Would you beB.Should you be C.Could you be D.Might you be13 Dont you think it necessary that heto Miami but to New York?I agree，but the problem ishe has refused to.A.will not be sent;thatB.not be sent;thatC.should not be sent;whatD.should not send;what14I could have called you for help,but I _ your number.A.couldnt have rememberedB.didnt rememberC.should have rememberedD.hadnt remembered15.She suggested to the police in the police station that Mr.Smith _.A.stole the necklaceB.should steal the necklace C.had stolen the necklaceD.steal the necklace16.My advice is that he _ so much.A.not smoke B.doesnt smoke C.wont smoke D.must not smoke17.Its about time that you _to study English.A.begin B.will begin C.have begun D.began18.Tom insisted what he said _ true and we insisted that he _ and have a look.A.be;should go B.should be;would go C.was;goD.was;would go19._the fog,we should have reached the top of the hill.A.In spite of B.If there were no C.But for D.Because of20.This printer is of good quality.If it _ break down within the first year,we would repair it at our expense.A wouldB shouldC couldD might21._ it would stop snowing!A If onlyB only ifC Even ifD But for22.How I wish I _ that!Eerybody present was angry with me.A didnt doB hadnt done C wouldnt doD wasnt doing23._ it to clear up tomorrow,the tourists would climb to the top of themountain to wait for the sun_.A If;to rise B Were;to rise C Should;to rise D Because;raising24._ the expense，I _ to Italy.A.If it were not，goB.Were it not for，would goC.Werent it for，will goD.If it hadnt;would have gone25.His illness was too serious;otherwise he _ saved.A could be B couldnt have been C could haveD could have been26.-I have great difficulty working out this problem.-_ to me,you _ less difficulty with this problem.A If you had listened,would have hadB If you listened,would haveC Had you listened,would have D If you listen,will have27.-Would you have called her up had it been possible?-Yes,but I_ busy doing my homework.A was B were C had beenD would be28.He acts as if he _ the owner of the house.A will be B has been C is D were29.How I wish it _!If it _ in a few days,the crops would be saved.A will rain;rained B would rain;shpuld ain C should rain;rainsD would rain;had rained答案答案1 15 AACBB 6-10DBCDD 11-15DBBBC 16-20 ADCCB 21-25ABBBD5 AACBB 6-10DBCDD 11-15DBBBC 16-20 ADCCB 21-25ABBBD26-29 CADB26-29 CADB45