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管理会计作业(chapter16-20)
Chapter 16 P757 16、5A
a、
(1)
Direct materials purchased
$ 410,000
(2)
Direct materials used:
Materials inventory, beginning of year
$ 22,000
Add: Purchases of direct materials
410,000
Cost of direct materials available for use
$ 432,000
Less: Materials inventory, end of year
26,000
Cost of direct materials used
$ 406,000
(3)
Payments of direct labor payrolls
$ 189,000
(4)
Direct labor cost assigned to production
$ 192,000
(5)
Total manufacturing costs:
Direct materials used [part a (2)]
$ 406,000
Direct labor cost
192,000
Manufacturing overhead
393,600
Total manufacturing costs
$ 991,600
(6)
Cost of finished goods manufactured:
Work in process inventory, beginning of year
$ 5,000
Add: Total manufacturing costs [part a (5)]
991,600
Cost of all goods in process during the year
$ 996,600
Less: Work in process inventory, end of year
9,000
Cost of finished goods manufactured
$ 987,600
(7)
Cost of goods sold:
Beginning inventory of finished goods
$ 38,000
Add: Cost of finished goods manufactured [part a (6)]
987,600
Cost of goods available for sale
$ 1,025,600
Less: Ending inventory of finished goods
25,000
Cost of goods sold
$ 1,000,600
(8)
Total inventory:
Materials inventory
$ 26,000
Work in process inventory
9,000
Finished goods inventory
25,000
Total inventory
$ 60,000
b、
HILLSDALE MANUFACTURING CORP、
Schedule of the Cost of Finished Goods Manufactured
For the Year Ended December 31, 20__
Work in process inventory, beginning of year
$ 5,000
Add: Manufacturing costs assigned to production:
Direct materials used [part a (2)]
$ 406,000
Direct labor
192,000
Manufacturing overhead
393,600
Total manufacturing costs
991,600
Cost of all goods in process during the year
$ 996,600
Less: Work in process, end of year
9,000
Cost of finished goods manufactured
$ 987,600
Chapter 16 P761 16、4B
a、
Purchases of direct materials
$ 360,000
b、
Cost of direct materials used:
Materials inventory, beginning of year
$ 18,000
Add: Purchases of direct materials
360,000
Cost of materials available for use
$ 378,000
Less: Materials inventory, end of year
14,000
Cost of direct materials used
$ 364,000
c、
Direct labor payrolls paid during the year
$ 225,000
d、
Direct labor costs assigned to production
$ 230,000
e、
Overhead costs during the year
$ 400,000
Units in the activity base (direct labor costs)
230,000
Overhead stated as a percentage of direct labor costs
($400,000 ÷ $230,000)
174%
f、
Direct materials used (part b)
$ 364,000
Direct labor costs assigned to production
230,000
Manufacturing overhead applied to production
400,000
Total manufacturing costs charged to work in process
$ 994,000
g、
Costs of finished goods manufactured:
Work in process inventory, beginning of year
$ 20,000
Add: Total manufacturing costs (part f)
994,000
Cost of all goods in process during the year
$ 1,014,000
Less: Cost of work in process inventory, end of year
25,000
Cost of finished goods manufactured
$ 989,000
h、
Cost of goods sold:
Beginning inventory of finished goods
$ 98,000
Add: Cost of finished goods manufactured (part g)
989,000
Cost of goods available for sale
$ 1,087,000
Less: Ending inventory of finished goods
110,000
Cost of goods sold
$ 977,000
i、
Total inventory at year-end:
Materials inventory
$ 14,000
Work in process inventory
25,000
Finished goods inventory
110,000
Total inventory
$ 149,000
Chapter 17 P802 17、3A
a、
Department One overhead application rate based on machine-hours:
Manufacturing Overhead
=
$420,000
=
$35 per machine-hour
Machine-Hours
12,000
Department Two overhead application rate based on direct labor hours:
Manufacturing Overhead
=
$337,500
=
$22、50 per direct labor hour
Direct Labor Hours
15,000
b、
Job no、 58:
Dept、 One
Dept、 Two
Total
Direct materials
$ 10,100
$ 7,600
$ 17,700
Direct labor
16,500
11,100
27,600
Manufacturing overhead:
750 machine—hours × $35 per hour
26,250
26,250
740 direct labor hours × $22、50 per hour
16,650
16,650
Total cost of job no、 58
$ 88,200
c、
General Journal
Cost of Goods Sold
88,200
Finished Goods Inventory
88,200
To record cost of goods sold (job no、 58)
to City Furniture、
Accounts Receivable (City Furniture)
147,000
Sales
147,000
To record revenue from sale to City Furniture、
d、
Dept、 One
Dept、 Two
Actual manufacturing overhead for January
$ 39,010
$ 26,540
Manufacturing overhead applied to jobs:
1,100 machine-hours × $35 per hour
38,500
1,200 direct labor hours × $22、50 per hour
27,000
Underapplied manufacturing overhead—Dept、 One
$ 510
Overapplied manufacturing overhead—Dept、 Two
$ 460
Chapter 17 P805 17、8A
a、
Budgeted manufacturing overhead
$ 24,600
Budgeted direct labor hours (DLH)
÷ 2,500
Manufacturing overhead application rate
$ 9、84
per DLH
Manufacturing overhead allocated using DLH
Basic Chunks
Custom Cuts
50,000 bags × 0、01 DLH per bag × $9、84 per DLH
$ 4,920
20,000 cases × 0、10 DLH per case × $9、84 per DLH
$ 19,680
b、
Percent of cost driver assigned to each product line
Basic Chunks
Custom Cuts
Kilowatt hours:
Basic Chunks (90,000 KWH ÷ 100,000 KWH)
90%
Custom Cuts (10,000 KWH ÷ 100,000 KWH)
10%
Machine hours:
Basic Chunks (160 MH ÷ 200 NH)
80%
Custom Cuts (40 MH ÷ 200 MH)
20%
Square feet occupied:
Basic Chunks (60,000 Sq、 Ft、 ÷ 80,000 Sq、 Ft、)
75%
Custom Cuts (20,000 Sq、 Ft、 ÷ 80,000 Sq、 Ft、)
25%
Direct labor hours:
Basic Chunks (500 DLH ÷ 2,500 DLH)
20%
Custom Cuts (2,000 DLH ÷ 2,500 DLH)
80%
Manufacturing overhead allocated using ABC
Basic Chunks
Custom Cuts
Utilities cost pool (using KWH as a cost driver):
Basic Chunks (90% × $8,000)
$ 7,200
Custom Cuts (10% × $8,000)
$ 800
Maintenance cost pool (using MH as a cost driver):
Basic Chunks (80% × $1,000)
$ 800
Custom Cuts (20% × $1,000)
$ 200
Depreciation cost pool (using Sq、 Ft、 as a cost driver):
Basic Chunks (75% × $15,000)
$ 11,250
Custom Cuts (25% × $15,000)
$ 3,750
Miscellaneous cost pool (using DLH as a cost driver):
Basic Chunks (20% × $600)
$ 120
Custom Cuts (80% × $600)
$ 480
Total overhead allocated to each product line using ABC
$ 19,370
$ 5,230
c、
Total manufacturing costs allocated to each product line
Basic Chunks
Custom Cuts
Direct Labor:
Basic Chunks (50,000 bags × $12 per DLH × 0、01 DLH)
$ 6,000
Custom Cuts (20,000 cases × $12 per DLH × 0、10 DLH)
$ 24,000
Direct Materials:
Basic Chunks (50,000 bags × $2 per bag)
$ 100,000
Custom Cuts (20,000 cases × $4 per case)
$ 80,000
Manufacturing Overhead (allocate using ABC):
Basic Chunks (from part b)
$ 19,370
Custom Cuts (from part b)
$ 5,230
Total cost allocated using ABC
$ 125,370
$ 109,230
d、
The Custom Cuts product line is very labor intensive in parison to the Basic Chunks product line、 Thus, the pany’s current practice of using direct labor hours to allocate overhead results in the assignment of a disproportionate amount of total overhead to the Custom Cuts product line、 If pricing decisions are set as a fixed percentage above the manufacturing costs assigned to each product, the Custom Cuts product line is overpriced in the marketplace whereas the Basic Chunks product line is currently priced at an artificially low price in the marketplace、 This probably explains why sales of Basic Chunks remain strong while sales of Custom Cuts are on the decline、
e、
The benefits the pany would achieve by implementing an activity-based costing system include: (1) a better identification of its operating inefficiencies, (2) a better understanding of its overhead cost structure, (3) a better understanding of the resource requirements of each product line, (4) the potential to increase the selling price of Basic Chunks to make it more parable to petitive brands and possibly do so without having to sacrifice significant market share, and (5) the ability to decrease the selling price of Custom Cuts without having to sacrifice product quality、
Chapter 18 P835 18、1
B、 Ex、 18、1
a、
job costing (each project of a construction pany is unique)
b、
both job and process costing (institutional clients may represent unique jobs)
c、
job costing (each set of equipment is uniquely designed and manufactured)
d、
process costing (the dog houses are uniformly manufactured in high volumes)
e、
process costing (the vitamins and supplements are uniformly manufactured in high volumes)
Chapter 18 P841 18、3A
Part I、 Physical Flow
Total Units
Inputs:
• Beginning WIP
-0-
• Started
4,000
Dishwashers to account for
4,000
Outputs:
• Units pleted
4,000
• Ending WIP
-0-
Dishwashers accounted for
4,000
Part II、 Equivalent Units
Direct Materials
Conversion Costs
Based on monthly input:
• Beginning WIP
—0-
-0-
• Units started
4,000
4,000
Equivalent units of input
4,000
4,000
Based on monthly output:
• Units pleted
4,000
4,000
• Ending WIP
-0-
-0—
Equivalent units of output
4,000
4,000
Part III、 Cost Per Equivalent Unit
Total Unit Cost
Direct Materials
Conversion Costs
Costs from Tub Department
$150,000
$30,000
Costs from Motor Department
96,000
24,000
TOTAL
$246,000
$54,000
Divide by equivalent units
÷ 4,000
÷ 4,000
Costs per equivalent unit
$75、00
$ 61、5
$ 13、50
Part IV、 Total Cost Assignment
Total Costs
Direct Materials
Conversion Costs
Costs to account for:
• Cost of beginning WIP
$ —0—
• Cost added during the period
300,000
Total cost to account for
$300,000
Costs accounted for:
• Cost of goods transferred
Beginning WIP last period
$ -0-
$ -0-
$ -0—
Beginning WIP this period
-0-
-0—
-0—
Started and pleted
300,000
246,000a
54,000b
Total cost transferred
$300,000
$246,000
$54,000
• Add ending WIP
—0-
-0—
—0-
Total cost accounted for
$300,000
$246,000
$54,000
a4,000 EU $61、50 = $246,000
b4,000 EU $13、50 = $54,000
Chapter 18 P845 18、2B
a、
(1)
$49 [($192,000 + $48,000 + $54,000) ÷ 6,000 units]
(2)
$109 [($480,000 + $108,000 + $66,000) ÷ 6,000 units]
(3)
$158 ($49 + $109)
(4)
$32 ($192,000 ÷ 6,000 units)
(5)
$18 ($108,000 ÷ 6,000 units)
b、
In evaluating the overall efficiency of the Engine Department, management would look at the monthly per-unit cost incurred by that department, which is the cost of assembling and installing an engine ($109 in part a)、
Chapter 20 P918 20、1A
a、
Required contribution margin per unit
Budgeted operating Ine
$ 260,000
Fixed costs
540,000
Total required contribution margin
$ 800,000
Number of units to be produced and sold
50,000
Required contribution margin per unit
($800,000 ÷ $50,000 units)
$ 16
Required sales price per unit:
Required contribution margin per unit
$ 16
Variable costs and expenses per unit
84
Total required unit sales price
$ 100
b、
Break-Even Sales Volume (in units)
=
Fixed Costs
Contribution Margin per Unit
=
$540,000
$16
=
33,750 units
c、
Margin of safety at 50,000 units:
Sales volume at 50,000 units ($100 × 50,000 units)
$
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