自考英语试题和答案.pdf

自考英语试题和答案自考英语试题和答案PART ONEPART ONE.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1point for each item)point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1.It is time now to learn _ toprotect our atmosphere,the roof over theworld of man.A.what B.which C.how D.that2.Association refers _ taking thematerial we want to remember and relating itto something we remember accurately.A.in B.to C.up D.by3.Tomatoes _ love apples and weresupposed to make people _ ate themfall in love.A.called who B.were called who C.called whom D.werecalled whom4.The doctor advised that Jim _ downfor a rest.A.lie B.lies C.lay D.lain5._ a little earlier,I would havecaught the train.A.Did I leave B.Would Ileave C.Had I left D.Have Ileft6.When we call a word“popular”,we do notmean that it is a favorite word,_simply that it belongs to the people as awhole,that is,it is everybodys word.A.so B.since C.for D.but7.I would rather you _ swimming now.A.went B.go C.to go D.going8.His illness accounts _ his absencefrom class.A.to B.for C.over D.after9.The more words you are familiar with,theless you are aware of reading words and_ you are aware of content andmeaning.A.more B.less C.themore D.the less10.Almost 20%of all American families_ single parent families,and in 85%of these families the single parent _the mother.A.are is B.are are C.is are D.is is.Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for Cloze Test(10 points,1 point foreach item)each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。上将相应的字母涂黑。Many children act in TV shows.Theywork several hours every day,so they cannotgo to regular school.How do theyget 11?In Hollywood,where many TV shows aremade,about forty teachers give lessonsfor 12 in the shows.They teachwherever their pupils are working.The teachers 13 is veryimportant.She is responsible for makingsure that the child works only the permittedhours each week.She is also responsible formaking sure that the child learnsthe 14 subjects.She makes sure,too,that the child getsenough 15 and play,along with hiseducation.Child actors are requiredto 16 classes twenty hours eachweek.California law says that they must betaught from September to the middle of June.If they do not get good 17 in school,they are not permitted to continue workingin TV shows.TV children are usuallygood 18,and most of their teacherslike this special kind of work.Theirclasses are held in many 19 places.Sometimes the 20 is a Mississippiriverboat.Sometimes it is the inside of aspaceship.Often the pupils become famousstars.11.A.a school B.anhonor C.aneducation D.a job12.A.workers B.characters C.students D.children13.A.job B.attitude C.worry D.emotion14.A.interesting B.required C.easy D.difficult15.A.food B.clothes C.work D.rest16.A.go to B.attend C.learn D.keep up17.A.marks B.remarks C.awards D.rewards18.A.boys B.actors C.girls D.pupils19.A.dangerous B.interesting C.safe D.lonely20.A.home B.house C.classroom D.stageReading Comprehension(30 points,2Reading Comprehension(30 points,2points for each item)points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的答并在答题纸上将相应的答案涂黑。案涂黑。Passage OnePassage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on thefollowing passage.The communication process beginswith the formulation of an idea or theselection of information by its sender.Thesender then encodes the idea into symbols,thereby creating a message,which issubsequently transmitted(传送)through oneor more channels(e.g.,speaking,writing,or electronic media).It is at this pointthat the receiver decodes(解码)andattaches meaning to the message.Ifeffective communication has occurred,thereceiver will understand the idea andinformation as the sender intended.Unfortunately,the potential for physicaland perceptual noise,which can distort theintended message of the sender,is presentat every stage of the process.Fortunately,noise can be overcome through effectivefeedback(反馈),a response from the senderthat allows misunderstandings to beidentified and resolved.Twowaycommunication-communication that allowsfeedback-is almost always more effectivethan oneway communication.Each of the steps in thecommunication process has potentialproblems that can impede(妨碍)effectivecommunication.During encoding,the primarydifficulty usually results from the natureof symbols and the semantic(语义)variationin their meanings.In addition to thesedistortions,the sender must also be awareof nonverbal messages that might distort themessage.This awareness is importantbecause research has shown that nonverbalmessages are given greater weight by thereceiver when decoding and attachingmeaning to the message.The effectiveness ofencoding will be increased if the senderdevelops empathy(感情移入)for thereceiver and is aware of his or her ownfeelings and emotions.The key to effectivetransmission of the message is choosing themost appropriate channel or channels ofmedia for the situation.21.The best title for the passage is_.A.CommunicationProcess B.Communication C.EffectiveCommunication D.Transmission of Messages22.Twoway communication is moreeffective than oneway communicationbecause _.A.it allows feedback B.it can distort the intended message ofthe sender C.the sender is aware of the nonverbalmessages that might distort the message D.none of the above23.Unless the receiver understand the ideaand information as the sender intended,_.A.effective communication can beachieved B.effective communication cannot beachieved C.the communication process will not end D.both B and C24.Problems that might impede effectivecommunication are caused by_.A.the nature of symbol B.the semantic variation in theirmeanings C.nonverbal messages D.all of the above25.Which of the following is critical toeffective communication?A.Creating a message.B.Developing empathy for the receiver.C.Overcoming noise through effectivefeedback.D.Choosing the most appropriate channelor channels of media.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the followingpassage.Scientists claim that air pollutioncauses a decline in the worlds average airtemperature.In order to prove that theory,ecologists have turned to historical data inrelation to especially huge volcaniceruptions.They suspect that volcanoesaffect weather change that are similar toair polluiton.One source of information is theeffect of the eruption of Tambora,a volcanoin Sumbawa,the Dutch East Indias,in April1815.The largest recorded volcaniceruption,Tambora threw 150 million tons offine ash into the stratosphere(平流层).Theash from a volcano spreads worldwide in a fewdays and remains in the air for years.Itseffect is to turn incoming solar radiationinto space and thus cool the earth.Forexample,records of weather in England showthat between April and November 1815,theaverage temperature had fallen 4.5.During the next twentyfour months,England suffered one of the coldest periodsof its history.Farmers records from April1815 to December 1818 indicate frostthroughout the spring and summer and sharpdecreases in crop and livestock markets.Since there was a time lag(滞后)ofseveral years between cause and effect,bythe time the world agricultural commoditycommunity had deteriorated,no one realizedthe cause.Ecologists today warn that we facea twofold menace.The everpresentpossibility of volcanic eruptions,such asthat of Mr.St.Helens in Washington,added to mans pollution of the atmospherewith oil,gas,coal,and other pollutingsubstances,may bring us increasinglycolder weather.26.It is believed that the earth gets colderwhen _.A.volcanoes erupt B.the air is polluted by modern man C.the rays of the sun are turned intospace D.all of the above27.The effects of Tamboras eruption were_.A.felt mainly in the Dutch East Indias B.of several days duration worldwide C.evidence of pollutions cooling theearth D.immediately evident to the worldsscientists28.The cause of cold weather in England from1815 to 1818 was _.A.decreased crop and livestockproduction B.volcanic ash in the atmosphere C.pollution caused by the IndustrialRevolution D.its proximity to the North sea29.No one realized the cause of thedeterioration of the world agriculturalcommodity market because _.A.there was a long delay between causeand effect B.the weather is beyond ourcomprehension C.weather forecasts were inaccurate D.ecologists didnt exist until moderntimes30.If,as some scientists predict,theworld ends in ice,what might be the cause?A.Modern mans pollution of the air.B.Volcanic eruptions.C.Obliteration(破坏)of solar radiation.D.All of the above.Passage ThreePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on theQuestions 31 to 35 are based on thefollowing passage.following passage.The great advance in rocket theory40 years ago showed that liquidfuelrockets were far superior in every respectto the skyrocket with its weak solid fuel,the only kind of rocket then known.However,during the last decade,large solidfuelrockets with solid fuels about as powerfulas liquid fuels have made their appearance,and it is a favorite laymans(外行)questionto inquire which one is“better.”Thequestion is meaningless;one might as wellask whether a gasoline or a diesel engine is“better.”It all depends on the purpose.A liquid fuel rocket is complicated,but hasthe advantage that it can be controlledbeautifully.The burning of the rocketengine can be stopped completely;it can bereignited(重新点火)when desired.Inaddition,the thrust can be made to vary byadjusting the speed of the fuel pumps.Asolidfuel rocket,on the other hand,israther simple in construction,though hardto build when a really large size is desired.But once you have a solidfuel rocket,itis ready for action at very short notice.Aliquidfuel rocket has to be fueled firstand cannot be held in readiness for very longafter it has been fueled.However,once asolidfuel rocket has been ignited,itwill keep buming.It cannot be stopped andreignited whenever desired(it couldconceivably be stopped and reignited aftera pre calculated time of burning has elapsed)and its thrust cannot be varied.Because asolidfuel rocket can be kept ready for along time,most military missiles employsolid fuels,but manned spaceflight needsthe fine adjustments that can only beprovided by liquid fuels.It may be addedthat a liquidfuel rocket is an expensivedevice;a large solidfuel rocket is,bycomparison,cheap.But the solid fuel,poundper pound,costs about 10 times as much asthe liquid fuel.So you have,on the one hand,an expensive rocket with a cheap fuel and onthe other hand a comparatively cheap rocketwith an expensive fuel.31.The author feels that a comparison ofliquidand solidfuel rockets shows that_.A.neither type is very economical B.the liquidfuel rocket is best C.each type has certain advantages D.the solidfuel rocket is best32.The most important consideration formanned space flight is that the rocket be_.A.inexpensive to construct B.capable of lifting heavy spacecraftinto orbit C.easily controlled D.inexpensive to operate33.Solidfuel rockets are expensive tooperate because of their _.A.size B.burning time C.fuel D.complicatedengines34.Which of the following statements is notcharacteristic of liquidfuel rockets?A.The fuel is cheap.B.They are cheap to build.C.They can be stopped and reignited.D.They must be used soon after fueling.35.Which of the following statements is apossible disadvantage of solidfuelrockets?A.They are complicated.B.They are uneasily adjusted.C.They are expensive to construct.D.They cannot be ready for action withlittle time for preparation.PART TWOPART TWO.Word Word SpellingSpelling(10(10 points,points,1 1 pointpoint forfortwo items)two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，作为提示，每个单每个单词的词类、词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。整的单词写在答题纸上。36.逻辑上的，符合逻辑的 a.l_ _ _ _ _ _37.诊断；判断，断定 v.d _ _ _ _ _ _ _38.模仿，仿效 v.i _ _ _ _ _ _39.挑战；向挑战 n./v.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _40.陈述，声明 n.s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _41.纪录，注册，登记 v.r _ _ _ _ _ _ _42.恐慌，惊慌 n./v.p _ _ _ _43.存在；生存 n.e _ _ _ _ _ _ _44.颤抖，抖动 v.t _ _ _ _ _ _45.听众，观众，读者 n.a _ _ _ _ _ _ _46.牺牲者，受害者n.v _ _ _ _ _47.神经紧张的 a.n _ _ _ _ _ _48.设计；预定 n/v.d _ _ _ _ _49.海外的，国外的a.o _ _ _ _ _ _ _50.暗示，含有的意思 v.i _ _ _ _51.抗议，反对 v.p _ _ _ _ _ _52.容量，容积；能力 n.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _53.稳定的，不变的a.s _ _ _ _ _54.反射，反映 v.r _ _ _ _ _ _55.文学，文学作品n.l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _WordWord FormForm（1010 pointspoints，1 1 pointpoint forfor eacheachitemitem）将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答答案写在答题纸上。案写在答题纸上。56.But for the storm,we _(arrive)earlier.57.When it comes to _(respect)therights of a mass of anonymous individuals,we might not be so responsible.58.She did not stop _(read)untilit became dark.59.He _(live)in England for fiveyears before he went to the United States.60.By next June they _(finish)writing the novel.61.The sooner you leave here,_(good).62.My suggestion is that a trade delegation_(send)to the European Union.63.I cant find my bag.It _(must,steal).64.How _(get)enough capital isstill a question.65.She complained of _(pay)asmaller amount of money for doing the samework as others.Translation from Chinese into EnglishTranslation from Chinese into English（15 points15 points，3 points for each item 3 points for each item）将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.不是我不想见你，而是我没有时间。67.患难朋友才是真正的朋友。68.归根结底，我反对这个建议。69.他和我一样都搬不起那张桌子。70.我们必须正视现实。Translation from English into ChineseTranslation from English into Chinese（15 points15 points）.将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。In order to learn a foreign languagewell,it is necessary to overcome fear ofmaking mistakes.If the primary goal oflanguage use is communication,thenmistakes are secondary considerations thatmay be dealt with gradually as awareness ofthose mistakes increases.On the other hand,students should not ignore their mistakes.The language learner may observe how nativespeakers express themselves,and how nativeexpressions differ from the way the learnermight say them.For example,a Spanishspeaker who has been saying“I do it”toexpress willingness to do something in theimmediate future,could,by interacting(交际)with native speakers of English,observethat native speakers actually say“Ill doit”.The resulting discrepancy(差异)canserve as a basis for the student to modifyhis way of using the present tense in English.But a student who is unwilling to interactin the first place would lose thisopportunity to learn by trial and error.参考答案参考答案.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each item)1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A.Cloze Test(10 points,1 point foreach item)11.C 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.D16.B 17.A 18.D 19.B 20.C.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2points for each item)21.C 22.A 23.B 24.D 25.D26.D 27.C 28.B 29.A 30.D31.C 32.C 33.C 34.B 35.B.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point fortwo items)36.logical 37.diagnose 38.imitate 39.challenge 40.statement 41.register 42.panic 43.existence 44.tremble 45.audience 46.victim 47.nervous 48.design 49.overseas 50.imply 51.protest 52.capacity 53.steady 54.reflect 55.literature.Word Form(10 points,1 point for eachitem)56.should have arrived 57.respecting 58.reading59.hadlived 60.will have finished 61.thebe