2021年小升初英语知识点归纳总结.doc

小升初英语知识点汇总一、名词复数规则1.普通状况下，直接加-s，如:book-books，bag-bags，cat-cats，bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses，box-boxes，brush-brushes，watch-watches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:family-families，strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数:man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen，policewoman-policewomen，mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish，people-people，Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词复数 watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ peach_ sandwich _dish_bus_man_ 二、普通当前时1.普通当前时表达经常或习惯性动作，也可表达当前状态或主语具备性格和能力。2.普通当前时中，没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数必定句，动词要按规则加上s，主语是非第三人称单数必定句，动词用原形。3.在普通当前时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，普通疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。4.在普通当前时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数否定句在动词前加does+not (doesnt)，普通疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not (dont)，普通疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。动词+s变化规则1.普通状况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks，milk-milks2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如:guess-guesses，wash-washes，watch-watches，go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:study-studies普通当前时基本用法简介【No. 1】普通当前时功能1.表达事物或人物特性、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色。2.表达经常性或习惯性动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表达客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。普通当前时构成1. be动词:主语be(am,is,are)其他。如:I am a boy.我是一种男孩。2.行为动词:主语行为动词(其他)。如:We study English.咱们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he，she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。【No. 2】普通当前时变化1. be动词变化。否定句:主语be not其他。如:He is not a worker.她不是工人。普通疑问句:Be主语其他。如:-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No，Im not.非凡疑问句:疑问词普通疑问句。如:Where is my bike?2.行为动词变化。否定句:主语dont( doesnt )动词原形(其他)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如:He doesnt often play.普通疑问句:Do( Does )主语动词原形其他。如:- Do you often play football?- Yes，I do. / No，I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成普通疑问句。如:- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes，she does. / No，she doesnt.2.行为动词变化。否定句:主语dont( doesnt )动词原形(其他)。如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如:He doesnt often play.普通疑问句:Do( Does )主语动词原形其他。如:- Do you often play football?- Yes，I do. / No，I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成普通疑问句。如:- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes，she does. / No，she doesnt.动词s变化规则1.普通状况下，直接加-s，如:cook-cooks，milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如:guess-guesses，wash-washes，watch-watches，go-goes3.以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:study-studies用括号内动词恰当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.-What day _(be) it today?-Its Saturday三、当前进行时1.当前进行时表达当前正在进行或发生动作，也可表达当前一段时间内活动或现阶段正在进行动作。2.当前进行时必定句基本构造为be+动词ing.3.当前进行时否定句在be后加not。4.当前进行时普通疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.当前进行时非凡疑问基本构造为:疑问词不达意be主语动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其构造为:疑问词不达意be动词ing?动词加ing变化规则1.普通状况下，直接加ing，如:cook-cooking2.以不发音e结尾，去e加ing，如:make-making，taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一种元音字母和一种辅音字母，双写末尾辅音字母，再加ing，如:run-running，stop-stopping写出下列动词当前分词:play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给动词对的形式填空:1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look！the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes?Yes ,she is .四、将来时理论及练习一、概念:表达将要发生动作或存在状态及打算、筹划或预备做某事。句中普通有如下时间状语:tomorrow，next day(week，month，year),soon，the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本构造:be going to do;will do.三、否定句:在be动词(am，is，are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如:Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同义句:be going to = will1.be going to表达将要发生事或打算、筹划、决定要做事情。2.必定句:be going to +动词原形，如:Jim is going to play football.否定句:be not going to +动词原形，如:Jim is not going to play football.普通疑问句:把be动词调到句首，如:Is Jim going to play football?特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形?如:What is Jim going to do?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+be+going to+动词原形?如:Who is going to play football?I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.练习:填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.咱们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English.五、普通过去时1.普通过去时表达过去某个时间发生动作或存在状态，常和表达过去时间状语连用。普通过去时也表达过去经常或重复发生动作感谢。2.Be动词在普通过去时中变化:am和is在普通过去时中变为was。(was not=wasnt)are在普通过去时中变为were。(were not=werent)带有was或were句子，其否定、疑问变化和is，am，are同样，即否定句在was或were后加not，普通疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.句中没有be动词普通过去时句子否定句:didnt +动词原形，如:Jim didnt go home yesterday.普通疑问句:在句首加did，句子中动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1.普通在动词末尾加-ed，如:pull-pulled，cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d，如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一种元音字母和一种辅音字母重读闭音节，应双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-ed，如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was，are-were，do-did，see-saw，say-said，give-gave，get-got，go-went，come-came，have-had，eat-ate，take-took，run-ran，sing-sang，put-put，make-made，read-read，write-wrote，draw-drew，drink-drank，fly-flew，ride-rode，speak-spoke，sweep-swept，swim-swam，sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词过去式isam_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do _Be动词过去时练习(1)Name _ No. _ Date _用be动词恰当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.用be动词恰当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.行为动词过去时练习(2)Name _ No. _ Date _用be动词恰当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday，we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday?Yes，he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday，but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.(二)小升初英语词类:动词、名词和形容词不太容易区别，如不能一眼看出，可用如下办法:先用“一(量词)”(如:一种、一张等)和这个词连起来说，如说得通，普通以为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通普通就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(当前咱们学过，后来也许不同)(此外某些很明显，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以懂得)1、动词这里所说动词是指各种动词总称，其中涉及行为动词(就是咱们平时总说那种动词)、be动词、情态动词。(1)行为动词就是咱们平时上学时说动词，表达某一动作或行为。如:sweep、live等。行为动词咱们已学过它们四种形式:原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，详细判断办法如下:有，就加ing读句子读该单词结识该单词理解意思看有无be动词(若是be going to就用原形)没有，再看情态动词有，就用原形有，就加ed没有，再看有无表达过去时间状语是第三人称单数就加s或es没有，再看主语不是第三人称单数就用原形(2)be动词a、Am-was Is -was Are-were口诀:我用am,你用are，is用在她她它，所有复数全用are。b、必定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.c、普通疑问句Am I a Chinese?Yes，you are. No，you arent. Are they American?Yes，they are. No，they arent. Is the cat fat?Yes，it is. No，it isnt.咱们当前学过be动词大体分两类:is、am、are为一类，普通用于普通当前时、当前进行时和普通将来时中，was和were为另一类，普通用于普通过去时。判断环节:第一、三人称单数，就用was有，再看人称第二人称单数和所有复数，就用were看有无表达过去时间状语第一人称单数，就用am没有，再看人称第三人称单数，就有is第二人称单数和所有复数，就用are用am，is，are填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy?No，I _ not.2. The girl_ Jacks sister.3. The dog _ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother?She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?10. Whose socks _ they?(3)情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊动词，平时咱们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同步出当前同一种句子中。咱们当前学过情态动词有:can、must、should、would、may。接触最多是can。情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其她任何条件影响)2、名词表达某一事物，有详细和抽象之分。判断核心词往往是be动词，be动词如果是am、is或was，名词就用原形;be动词如果是are或were，名词就加s或es。这里强调两点:不可数名词都默以为单数，因此总是用is或者was;最佳不要依照some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。如何加后缀:a.普通状况下，直接加-s，如:book-books，bag-bags，cat-cats，bed-bedsb.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如:bus-buses，box-boxes，brush-brushes，watch-watchesc.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如:family-families，strawberry-strawberriesd.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如:knife-knivese.不规则名词复数:man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen，policewoman-policewomen，mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish，people-people，Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese判断环节:如是am、is或was原形读句子读该单词结识该单词理解意思看be动词如是are或were加s或es3、形容词(涉及副词)形容词表达某一事物或特性，副词表达某一动作特性。形容词和副词只有两种形式:原形和+er。未作比较状况下就用原形，比较时就+er。两个重要特性:asas中间一定用原形，有than时候一定+er。4、人称代词和物主代词主格youIhesheitwethey宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称I me we us my mine our ours第二人称you you you you your yours your yours第三人称he him they them his his their theirs she her her her sit it its its人称代词:有主格和宾格之分。普通动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。物主代词:有两类:形容词性物主代词(短)和名词性物主代词(长)普通看背面有无名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词(短);如无，就用名词性物主代词(长)。用所给词恰当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small，but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she )3. Is this _ watch?(you) No，its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look！Those stamps are _. ( he )5、数量词咱们学过两类:基数词和序数词。基数用于表达数量多少，而基数词用于表达顺序，常在日期中浮现。6、冠词有a、an、the。a和an有详细意思，一(个)，the没有详细意思，有时翻译为这、那。拟定用a、an还是the时可依照汉语意思。a和an区别:an用于元音音素(普通就是元音字母aeiou)前，a用于辅音音素前。