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pep人教版六年级英语下册各单元知识点及测试题.doc

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Unit1 How tall are you? 四会词汇: tall—taller更高的    short—shorter 更矮的  strong—stronger更强壮的  old—older 年龄更大的  young—younger 更年轻的  big—bigger更大的heavy—heavier 更重的  long—longer 更长的  thin—thinner 更瘦的  small—smaller (体型)更小的       四会句型:  How tall are you? 你有多高?    I’m 164 cm tall.   我164 厘米高。 You’re shorter than me. 你比我矮。 You’re 4 cm taller than me.你比我高4厘米。 How heavy are you? 你有多重?   I’m 48 kg.  我48千克。 应该掌握的知识点:  1、表示两者之间有所比较时,句子中的形容词要用比较级形式。形容词变为比较级的变化规则: (1)一般情况下,在形容词的词尾直接加er。如: tall—taller   short—shorter.(2)以字母e结尾的形容词,在词尾直接加r,如:nice—nicer.  late—later (3)以重读闭音节结尾,且结尾只有一个辅音字母的词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加er.如:big—bigger    thin—thinner    fat—fatter  (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节形容词,先变y为i , 再加er。如:easy—easier   heavy—heavier   funny—funnier. 形容词比较级的变化口诀: 原级变为比较级,通常er加上去。若是结尾辅元辅,辅音双写要牢记。 辅音加y结尾时,把y变i 是必须。原级若以e结尾,直接加r不后悔。 2、部分形容词比较级的不规则变化good—better well—better  bad—worse   badly—worse   many—more    much—more    little—less   far—farther 3、同义句: How tall are you?==What’s your height?  How heavy are you?==What’s your weight? 4、以How开头的问句(仅限小学阶段): How are you?  问身体状况。 How old…?   问年龄 How tall…?   问身高 How long…?   问长度 How big…?    问大小(指外型、形体的大小) How heavy…?  问体重、重量 How many…?  问多少,物体的数量 How much…?  问价格 5、it’s 与its: 这两个词发音相同但意义不同。it’s是 it is的缩写,汉语意思是“它是”,如:it’s a fat cat. 它是一只肥猫。its是代词,意思是“它的”,如:that is its tail. 那是它的尾巴。 6、My schoolbag is bigger than _________. A. you      B. your        C yours 这里的正确答案应该是选项C. yours。Yours是名词性物主代词,它在这里所代表的意思是“your schoolbag”. Than后面要跟名词或名词性短语,因此在这里一定要用名词性物主代词。与形容词性物主代词相对应的名词性物主代词还有:my---mine    your---yours   his—his     her—hers    it—its    their---theirs  六年级下册第一单元练习题 Name:______________ 一、 比较各题的两幅图片和提示,填上合适的单词,使句子完整。 Tom I 1) I am ___________ than Tom. Tom is ___________ than me. 2) My grandpa is ___________ than your brother. 20岁 70岁 Your brother is __________ than my grandpa. 3) This dog is ____________ than that dog. 20kg 50kg That dog is ____________ than this dog. 4) My dog is ____________ than your dog. 50cm 100cm Your dog is ___________ than my dog. Sarah’s bag 5) Mike’s bag is ____________ than Sarah’s bag. Mike’s bag Sarah’s bag is ___________ than Mike’s bag. 二、看答句写问句。 1. A: ____________________________________? B: I’m 150cm tall. 2. A:_______________________________________? B: Lucy is 15 years old. 3. A: ______________________________________? B: No, my father is 60 kg. 4. A: _____________________________________? B: Tom is taller than you . 5. A: ________________________________________? B: I wear size 33. 6. A: ___________________ ___________________? B: No, my legs are 74cm long. 7. A: ___________________________________? B: Amy’s hair is 20cm long. 8. A: _____________________________________? B: The tree is 36 meters tall. 9. A: _____________________________________? B: He’s swimming now. 10. A: ___________________________________? B: I like winter best. 四.根据上下文,补充句子。 A: Hi! _______________________________________? B: I’m 55kg . ____________________________________? A: I’m 50kg. ____________________________________? B: Yes, I’m 5kg heavier than you. _______________________? A : My legs are 70cm long. Your legs are 76cm. B: Yes, __________________________________. 五.选词补充短文。 (older, younger, are, is, playing, old, going, climbing, reading, listening, one, two, three, longer, shorter) John is 12. He has three friends. They are Sarah, Amy and Mike. Sarah is 12 years _______. She has long hair. Sarah likes ______ the piano very much. Amy is 13. She is ______ year ______ than John. Her hair is not long, it is ______ than Sarah’s hair. Amy likes ________ books. Mike is 10. He is____ years ______than John. Mike and John like ____________mountains. They ______ good friends. 七、小练笔,根据给出的图表,用比较级写几句话,不少于五句话。 Name Age Height Weight Hobby Chen Jie 11 150cm 42kg 游泳 Sarah 13 162cm 45kg 跳水 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Unit2 What’s the matter ,Mike? 四会词汇 have a fever 发烧    have a sore throat喉咙疼   have a cold感冒 have a toothache 牙疼    have a headache 头疼  matter事情,麻烦       sore 疼的    hurt疼痛   nose 鼻子 tired疲劳的,累的  excited兴奋的  angry生气的  happy高兴的 bored无聊的,烦人的 sad  忧伤的,悲伤的  四会句型:  What’s the matter? 怎么了?    My throat is sore. My nose hurts.我喉咙疼。我鼻子疼。 How are you, Liu Yun? You look happy. 你好吗,刘云。你看起来很高兴。 How are you, Sarah? You look sad today. 你好吗,Sarah?今天,你看起来很难过  应该掌握的知识点: 1、ache是名词,它表示连续固定的疼痛,它是个体弱多病的家伙,身体部位名称是怕它了,哪个部位不小心被它跟上了,就倒霉了。earache耳朵痛,stomachache 胃疼,backache 背疼,heartache 心脏病 2、sore , ache 与hurt sore是形容词,表示“疼的、痛的”放在名词前或系动词be后,如:a sore nose 鼻子疼    My nose is sore. 我的鼻子疼。 ache是名词,常常放在名词后,表示连续固定的疼痛,如:headache 头疼  stomachache 胃疼,backache 背疼,heartache 心脏病 hurt是动词,指“刺痛、使受伤痛”,如:he hurts his leg.他伤了腿。 这时我们还可以说“His leg hurts.他腿疼。”有时它们还可以表达相同的含义,如:I have a sore back==I have a backache==My back hurts.但是要注意的是,并不是所有的词都可以这样转换,有些固定的用法是不能改变的。 3、What’s the matter? matter做名词时意思是“要紧事,麻烦事,问题”,在此用法中一定要加定冠词the。其同义句为:What’s wrong? What’s the trouble? What’s up?  What’s the problem?  作为看病用语,它常用来询问病人的身体状况。 4、might 与 may: might 与may 都可以表示可能性。might 在表示推测时,把握比较小,表示特别尊重对方,心里没底,更带有试探性。may表示一件事或许会发生(或是某种情况可能会发生)。 5、hear 与 listen: hear表示“听见,听到”的结果。如:I listened but I couldn’t hear anything.我注意听,但什么也没听到。 listen 表示“听,注意听,倾听”的动作。如:They are listening to the radio.他们在听广播。 6、关于一般现在时: 一般现在时的用法: 表示经常或者反复发生的动作。如: 我每天吃午饭。I have lunch every day. 还表示现在存在的一种状态.。如:我姐姐是一位老师。My sister is a teacher. 一般现在时态经常与 often(经常)sometimes(有时)always(总是)usually(通常)等副词连用,也经常与 every day(每天), every week(每周), every month(每月), every term(每学期), every year(每年), once a week (一周一次),twice a year(一年两次)等时间状语连用。 (1)一般现在时态分为 be 动词的一般现在时和实义动词的一般现在时。 1) be 动词包括 am,is,are,中文为“是”,这三个词的用法要随着主语的变化而变化。“am” 用于第一人称单数(I); “is”用于第三人称单数(he,she,it);“are”用于第一人称复数(we),第二人称单数和复数(you), 第三人称复数( they)。 可以记住以下顺口溜: am 是专门来管“我”,is 只管“他,她,它”,are 就管“你”和“大家”。 2)一般疑问句和否定句 I am a teacher. (我是一位老师)  You are his friend.(你是他的朋友) She is a nurse.(她是一名护士)  以上三个句子都是肯定句。此类句子变成疑问句和否定句时,有些地方的语序和汉语不同,需特别注意。变为疑问句时,把动词 be “am,is,are”放在句首,回答时也要使用 be 动词;变为否定句时,把表示否定的not 放在“am is are”的后面,其中可以简写为: is not ---- isn't        are not ---- aren't am not 没有简写形式。 如:Am I a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I am not) Are you his friend? Yes, you are. (No, you are not.) Is she a nurse? Yes, she is. (No, she is not.) 否定句:I am not a teacher. You are not his friend. She is not a nurse. 3)如果句子的动词不是 be 动词“am is are”而是其他实义动词, 疑问句和否定句要借助于助动词“do”或者“does”,也就是说 be 动词和实义动词原形不能同时使用。 这里的“do” “does”本身没有什么意义,只是帮助构成疑问句和否定句。一般疑问句读时必须用降调。 “do”和“does”的使用要随着人称的变化而变化。请看下面两组句子,注意区分他们的共同点和不同点。   I go to school every day.        He goes to school every day.   I don't go to school every day.   He doesn't go to school every day.   Do you go to school every day?   Does he go to school every day?   Yes, I do. (No, I don't)          Yes, he does. (No, he doesn't) 这两组句子中,由于人称的不同,句子的结构也不同,具体如下: 当主语是第三人称单数时,肯定句为:主语 + 动词的 s 形式 + 宾语. 否定句为:主语 + 助动词 doesn't + 动词原形 + 宾语. 疑问句为:Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语? 肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助动词 does. 注:第三人称单数用了 does 后面就不用动词的 s 形式了,而用动词原形。 动词的一般现在时态, 除了第三人称单数(he she it) 外,其余都用动词原形。当主语是其他人称时,肯定句为:主语+动词原形 + 宾语. 否定句为:主语 + 助动词 don't + 动词原形 + 宾语. 疑问句为:Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语? 肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助动词 do。 变为疑问句,要在句首加“do”; 变为否定句, 要在动词前面加“do not”, 可以简写为“don't”. 六年级下册第二单元练习题 Name:______________ 一、 根据各题的图片,填上合适的单词,使句子完整。 1) A: ________ the matter with you? B : I a ______________. 2) A: _________ does Tom feel? B: He is very _____________. 3) A: How are you, Lucy? You _______ so ________. 4) Look, Zhang Peng _________ _________. 5) A: What’s the ________ Lily? B: She a fever. Her leg ___________. 二、看答句写问句。 1. A:___________________________________? B: I feel sick. I’m sad. 2. A:___________________________________? B: I’m 14 years old. I’m older than you. 3. A:____________________________________? B: Zhang Peng is 160cm. 4. A:______________________________________? B: Tom is tired today. He went to bed late yesterday. 5. A:______________________________________? B: Miss Li is a music teacher. She’s pretty. 6. A:_______________________________________? B: John has a toothache. 7. A: ? B: My brother is 62 kg. 8. A: ? B: My throat is sore. 三、根据上下文,补充句子。 A: Hi, Lily. __________________________________? B: It’s sunny today. A: __________________________________? B: I feel well. __________________________? A: I am sad. B: ______________________________________? A: Because my parents will go to Hong Kong, but I can’t go. B: ______________________________________? A: They’re going there by plane. B: ______________________________________? A: They are going to go shopping in Hong Kong. B: I’m sorry to hear that. 四、根据课文内容填空 Some people feel in winter. Many people the flu. Do you a sore throat? your nose hurt? you have a headache? If you have a , you might have the flu. Don’t worry. If you sick, the doctor. some medicine and hot drinks. in bed a few days. You will feel soon. 五、看图作文: 请用英语描述一下如果你得了流感有何症状,应该怎么办?(不少于五句话) 六、看中文写英文。 1.牙疼:______________ 2.疼痛: 3.感冒:____________ 4.高兴的 5.生气的 6.悲伤的 7.兴奋的 8.疲劳的 9.无聊的 10.你怎么啦?我的腿疼。 11. Amy感觉怎样?她觉得很累。 Unit3 Last weekend  四会词汇: watch—watched 看  wash—washed 洗 clean—cleaned打扫 play—played玩  visit—visited 看望 do—did  last weekend上一个周末  go—went去 go to a park—went to a park 去公园 go swimming—went swimming去游泳 go fishing—went fishing去钓鱼 read—read 读   go hiking—went hiking 去郊游 四会句型: What did you do last weekend?  你上个周末干什么了? I played football.   我踢足球了。 Did you read books? 你读书了吗?  Yes, I did.是的,我读了。 No, I didn’t.  不,我没有。  应该掌握的知识点:  1、关于一般过去时 一般过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。经常与yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语连用。 如: I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年)。 When did you go to the park? (你是什么时候去的公园)。 I went to the park last week. (我是上周去的公园) 在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态;第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。 (1)Be 动词的一般过去时态 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were. 构成:肯定句:主语+was (were) +宾语. 如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。) 否定句:主语+was (were) +not+宾语. 如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到) 疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+宾语? 如: Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?) 肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。) 否定句: No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。) 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语? 如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的? (2)实义动词的一般过去时态 肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 肯定句为:主语+动词过去式+宾语. 如: I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.(我昨天九点钟回的家。) 否定句:主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语. 如:I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天没回家。) 疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+宾语? 如: Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了吗?) 肯定回答: Yes, I did. (是的,我回了。) 否定回答:No, I didn't. (不,我没回家。) (3)助动词和情态动词过去式如下: shall― should(将要)用于第一人称单数 will― would(将要)用于所有人称 can -- could(能,会) may― might(可以) must― must (必须) have to― had to(不得不) 助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式,后面的动词还使用原形。 如: I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。) (4)一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。 1) 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。 如:play― played  work― worked 2) 以e结尾的动词只加d. 如:like--- liked  love― loved 3) 以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词,变Y为I,再加ed. 如:study― studied carry― carried 4) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写最后这个辅音字母,再加ed. 如:stop― stopped (5)--ed的读音规则如下: 1) 在清辅音后面读[t]. 2) 在浊辅音或元音后读[d]. 3) 在[t] 和[d] 后读[id]. (6)不以ed 结尾的过去式,称为不规则动词。 一般过去时态的“三变”技巧 一变:肯定句变为否定句 【技巧1】当句中含有情态动词或助动词could,would,should等时,可直接在其后面加not构成否定句。例如: I could get you a concert ticket. → I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket. 【技巧2】当句中含有系动词was,were 时,可直接在其后加not构成否定句。例如: I was on the Internet when you called me. → I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me. 【技巧3】当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not / didn't,动词还原,构成否定句。例如: The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. → The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs. 二变:陈述句变为一般疑问句 【技巧1】移动词语的位置。将was,were, could,would,should等移到句首。例如: He could pack his things himself. → Could he pack his things himself? 【技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时,在主语之前加did,动词还原。例如: Mr Li looked very old. → Did Mr Li look very old? 三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句 【技巧1】确定疑问词:人who / whom,物what,地点where,时间when / what time,原因why,频率how often,长度how long,距离how far等等。例如: They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert? 【技巧2】辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动词/助动词/ was / were / did +主语+...? 例如: The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen? 2、关于名词所有格:(仅限于小学阶段 's所有格的用法) (1)表示有生命的东西的名词末尾加's。例如:   Jim's bed  吉米的床   the man's wife  那个男人的妻子   children's toys  孩子们的玩具   the fox's tail  狐狸的尾巴 (2)以-es或-s结尾的名词末尾加"'s"。例如:   the students' books  学生们的书   Teachers' Day  教师节   my boss' office  我老板的办公室   a girls' dormitory  女生宿舍 (3)表示两者共同拥有的人或物(共有)时,只需要后一个名词加's(或')即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系(各自所有),则每个名词词尾都加上's(或')。 例如:Joan and Jane's room(房间属二人共同所有)    Joan's and Jane's room(指Joan和Jane各自的房间) (4)'s所有格所修饰的词的省略现象 1)表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如:   I met her at the doctor's(office).我在诊所遇见了她。   He has gone to the tailor's(shop).他到服装店去了。   She went to Mr. Black's (house)yesterday.她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。 2)名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。例如:   Whose pen is this? It's Tom's.这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。   The bike is not mine, but Wang Pinpin's.这辆自行车不是我的,是王品品的。 3、them与their: them表示“他们” 是人称代词宾格,放在及物动词和介词后面做宾语。如I want to help them. 我想帮助他们。  their“他们的”是形容词性物主代词,放在名词前面。These are their books.这是他们的书。  六年级下册第三单元练习题 Name:______________ 一、根据各题的图片,填上合适的单词,使句子完整。 1. A: What _____ you do last Saturday? B: I _________ football with Mike. 2. My family ______ _______ a park yesterday. 3. A: ________Sarah wash clothes yesterday? B: No, she ________. She a book. 4. A: Did you ______ swimming yesterday afternoon? B: Yes, I ________. I swimming yesterday. 5. I often _______ football on the weekend. 6. I am going to _________ the flowers after school. 7. A: Your room is clean. B: Thanks. I ________ it this morning. 8. A: What is your father doing? B: He is __________ an e-mail. 9. I _______ my grandparents last weekend. We had a good time. 二、看答句写问句。 1. A: ___________________________________? B: I’m going to climb mountains tomorrow. 2. A: __________________________? B: I played football yesterday. 3. A: __________________________? B: I often go shopping on Sunday. 4. A: _________________________? B: I’m reading a book now. 5.
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