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索引中医学与中药学的合称，侧重反映中医与中药两者共同发展，密不可分。 1、医院部门及科室名称 2、医务人员名称 3、诊断和治疗常用词汇 4、常见疾病名称 5、常见手术名称 6、常用药物名称 7、常用护理术语 8、常用临床医学术语 9、医疗器材 10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀 11、主要人体系统名称 12、医院类型名称 13、医学词汇 14、医学常用字首与字根 1.医院部门及科室名称 out-patient department门诊部 In-patient department住院部 Nursing department护理部 Admission office住院处 Discharge office出院处 Registration office挂号处 Reception room, waiting room侯诊室 Consultation room诊察室 Isolation room隔离室 Delivery room分娩室 Emergency room急诊室 Ward病房室 Department of internal medicine内科 Department of surgery外科 Department of pediatrics儿科 Department of obstetrics and gynecology妇科 Department of neurology神经科 Department of ophtalmology眼科 E.N.T.department耳鼻喉科 Department of stomatology口腔科 Department of urology泌尿科 Department of orthopedic骨科 Department of traumatology创伤科 Department of endocrinology内分泌科 Department of anesthesiology麻醉科 Department of dermatology皮肤科 Department of infectious diseases传染病科 Department of pathology病理科 Department of psychiatry精神科 Department of orthopacdic surgery矫形外科 Department of cardiac surgery心脏外科 Department of cerebral surgery脑外科 Department of thoracic surgery胸外科 Pharmacy dispensary药房 Nutrition department营养部 Diet-preparation department配膳室 Therapeutic department治疗室 Operating room/Theater手术室 Blood-bank血站 Supply-room供应室 Disinfection-room消毒室 Dressing room换药室 Mortuary太平间 Record room病案室 Department of plastic surgery矫形外科 Department of physiotherapy理疗科 electrotherapy room电疗科 heliotherapy room光疗科 wax-therapy room蜡疗科 hydrotherapy room水疗科 central laboratory中心实验室 clinical laboratory临床实验室 bacteriological laboratory细菌实验室 biochemical laboratory生化实验室 serological laboratory血清实验室 X-ray room X光室 doctor’s office医生办公室 nurse’s office护士办公室 2.医务人员名称 director of the hospital院长 physician内科医师 chief physician主任医师 associate chief physician副主任医师 attending doctor主治医师 resident doctor住院医师 intern doctor实习医师 general practitioner全科医师 specialist专科医师 head of the nursing department护理部主任 Head nurse护士长 Student nurse实习护士 E.N.T.doctor耳鼻喉科医师 Ophthalmologist眼科医师 Dentist牙科医师 Orthopedist骨科医师 Dermatologist皮肤科医师 urologist surgeon泌尿外科医师 neurosurgeon神经外科医师 plastic surgeon矫形外科医师 anaesthetist麻醉科医师 Doctor for tuberculosis结核科医师 Physiotherapist理疗科 Doctor for infectious diseases传染病科 Dietician营养科医师 Pediatrician儿科医师 Obstetrician产科医师 Midwife助产师 Gynecologist妇科医师 Radiologist放射科医师 Epidemiologist流行病医师 Pharmacist药剂医师 Assistant pharmacist药剂医士 Laboratory technician化验员 Assistant nurse卫生员 Cleaner清洁员 Controller总务科长 Registrar挂号员 Sanitation worker消毒员 3.诊断和治疗常用词汇 inspection望诊 inquiry问诊 auscultation听诊 percussion扣诊 palpation触诊 biopsy活组织检查 pathological section病理切片 endoscopy内窥镜检查 ECG(electrocardiogram) examination心电图检查 EEG(electrocardiogram) examination脑电图检查 Intravenous pyelography静脉肾盂造影术 Skin-test皮肤试验 examination by centesis穿刺检查 routine analysis of blood血常规分析 urine analysis of blood尿常规分析 red blood cell count(RBC)红细胞计数 white blood cell count(WBC)白细胞计数 general check-up全身检查 routine examination常规检查 follow-up examination随访检查 consultation会诊 emergency急诊 diagnosis诊断 prognosis预后 convalescence, recovery康复 relapse复发 treatment治疗 prescribe开药方 fill a prescription配药 injecting打针 hypodermic injection皮下注射 intramuscular injection肌肉注射 intravenous injection静脉注射 inoculating预防注射 fluid infusion点滴注射 blood transfusion输血 dose剂量 tablet药片 capsule胶囊 liquid medicine药水 powder药粉 ointment药膏（软膏） plaster硬膏，石膏 lotion洗剂 suppository栓剂 analgesics止痛药 antipyetics退烧药 antitussive止咳药 expectorant祛痰药 diuretics利尿药 hemostatic止血药 antidiarrheal止泄药 antipruritic止痒药 antidote解毒药 antirheumatic抗风湿药 anticarcinogen抗癌药 antibiotics抗菌素 anticoagulant抗凝剂 cardiac tonic强心药 vasodilator血管舒张药 vasoconstrictor血管收缩药 antiepileptic抗癫痫药 antispasmodic解痉药 sedative镇静药 anesthetics麻醉药 penicillin盘尼西林 streptomycin链霉素 gentamycin庆大霉素 aspirin阿斯匹林 morphine吗啡 dolantin杜冷丁 iodine碘酒 distilled water蒸馏水 normal saline solution生理食盐水 atropine阿托品 hormone激素 glucose葡萄糖 side effect, adverse effect副作用 operative treatment手术疗法 major operation大手术 minor operation小手术 anesthesia麻醉 general anesthesia全身麻醉 local anesthesia局部麻醉 excision, removal, resection切除术 tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术 thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术 pneumonectomy肺切除术 mastectomy乳房切除术 gastrectomy胃切除术 cholecystectomy胆囊切除术 hepalobectomy肝叶切除术 splenectomy脾切除术 nephrectomy肾切除术 salpingectomy输卵管切除术 hysterectomy子宫切除术 hysteromyomectomy子宫肌瘤切除术 proctectomy直肠切除术 appendectomy阑尾切除术 prostatectomy前列腺切除术 tracheotomy气管切开术 incision of abscess脓肿切开术 craniotomy颅骨切开 thoracotomy胸廓切开 laparotomy剖腹术 amputation截肢 fixation固定 hot compress热敷 cold compress冷敷 gastric lavage洗胃 enema灌肠 urethral catheterication导尿 hemostasis止血 dressing包扎 sew up the incision缝合切口 remove the stitches拆线 cardiac massage心脏按摩 artificial respiration人工呼吸 diet饮食 special diet特定饮食 low protein diet低蛋白饮食 low fat diet低脂肪饮食 low calorie diet低热量饮食 liquid diet流质饮食 semi-liquid diet半流质饮食 solid diet固体饮食 light diet易消化的饮食 vegetable diet素食 4.常见疾病名称 Internal Medicine内科 Acidosis酸中毒 Adams-Stokes syndrome亚－斯氏综合症 alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication酒精中毒 alkalosis碱中毒 anaphylaxis过敏症 anemia贫血 iron deficiency anemia缺铁性贫血 megaloblastic anemia巨幼红细胞性贫血 aplastic anemia再生障碍性贫血 angiitis脉管炎 angina pectoris心绞痛 arteriosclerosis动脉硬化 apoplexy中风 auricular fibrillation心房纤颤 auriculo-ventricular block房室传导阻滞 bronchial asthma支气管哮喘 bronchitis支气管炎 bronchiectasis支气管扩张 bronchopneumonia支气管肺炎 carcinoma癌 cardiac arrhythmia心律紊乱 cardiac failure心力衰竭 cardiomyopathy心肌病 cirrhosis肝硬化 coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease冠状动脉硬化性心脏病 Crohn disease克罗恩病 Cushing’s syndrome库欣综合症 diabetes糖尿病 diffuse intravascular coagulation弥散性血管凝血 dysentery痢疾 enteritis肠炎 gastric ulcer胃溃疡 gastritis胃炎 gout痛风 hepatitis肝炎 Hodgkin’s disease霍奇金病 hyperlipemia高脂血症，血脂过多 hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺功能亢进 hypersplenism脾功能亢进 hypertension高血压 hyperthyroidism甲状腺功能亢进 hypoglycemia低血糖 hypothyroidism甲状腺功能减退 infective endocarditis感染性心内膜炎 influenza流感 leukemia白血病 lobar pneumonia大叶性肺炎 lymphadenitis淋巴结炎 lymphoma淋巴瘤 malaria疟疾 malnutrition营养不良 measles麻疹 myeloma骨髓瘤 myocardial infarction心肌梗死 myocarditis心肌炎 nephritis肾炎 nephritic syndrome肾综合症 obstructive pulmonary emphysema阻塞性肺气肿 pancreatitis胰腺炎 peptic ulcer消化性溃疡 peritonitis腹膜炎 pleuritis胸膜炎 pneumonia肺炎 pneumothorax气胸 purpura紫癜 allergic purpura过敏性紫癜 thrombocytolytic purpura血小板减少性紫癜 pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎 renal failure肾功能衰竭 rheumatic fever风湿病 rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎 scarlet fever猩红热 septicemia败血症 syphilis梅毒 tachycardia心动过速 tumour肿瘤 typhoid伤寒 ulcerative colitis溃疡性结肠炎 upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage上消化道血 Neurology神经科 brain abscess脑脓肿 cerebral embolism脑栓塞 cerebral infarction脑梗死 cerebral thrombosis脑血栓 cerebral hemorrhage脑出血 concussion of brain脑震荡 craniocerebral injury颅脑损伤 epilepsy癫痫 intracranial tumour颅内肿瘤 intracranial hematoma颅内血肿 meningitis脑膜炎 migraine偏头痛 neurasthenia神经衰弱 neurosis神经官能症 paranoid psychosis偏执性精神病 Parkinson’s disease帕金森综合症 psychosis精神病 schizophrenia精神分裂症 Surgery外科 abdominal external hernia腹外疝 acute diffuse peritonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎 acute mastitis急性乳腺炎 acute pancreatitis急性胰腺炎 acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔 acute pyelonephritis急性肾盂肾炎 anal fissure肛裂 anal fistula肛瘘 anesthesia麻醉 angioma血管瘤 appendicitis阑尾炎 bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer胃十二指肠溃疡出血 bone tumour骨肿瘤 breast adenoma乳房腺瘤 burn烧伤 cancer of breast乳腺癌 carbuncle痈 carcinoma of colon结肠炎 carcinoma of esophagus食管癌 carcinoma of gallbladder胆囊癌 carcinoma of rectum直肠癌 carcinoma of stomach胃癌 cholecystitis胆囊炎 cervical spondylosis颈椎病 choledochitis胆管炎 cholelithiasis胆石症 chondroma软骨瘤 dislocation of joint关节脱位 erysipelas丹毒 fracture骨折 furuncle疖 hemorrhoid痔 hemothorax血胸 hypertrophy of prostate前列腺肥大 intestinal obstruction肠梗阻 intestinal tuberculosis肠结核 lipoma脂肪瘤 lithangiuria尿路结石 liver abscess肝脓肿 melanoma黑色素瘤 osseous tuberculosis骨结核 osteoclastoma骨巨细胞瘤 osteoporosis骨质疏松症 osteosarcoma骨质疏松症 osteosarcoma骨肉瘤 Paget’s disease佩吉特病 perianorecrtal abscess肛管直肠周围脓肿 phlegmon蜂窝织炎 portal hypertension门静脉高压 prostatitis前列腺炎 protrusion of intervertebral disc椎间盘突出 purulent arthritis化脓性关节炎 pyogenic ostcomyclitis化脓性骨髓炎 pyothorax脓胸 rectal polyp直肠息肉 rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎 rupture of spleen脾破裂 scapulohumeral periarthritis肩周炎 tenosynovitis腱鞘炎 tetanus破伤风 thromboangiitis血栓性脉管炎 thyroid adenocarcinoma甲状腺腺癌 thyroid adenoma甲状腺腺瘤 trauma创伤 urinary infection泌尿系感染 varicose vein of lower limb下肢静脉曲张 Paediatrics儿科 acute military tuberculosis of the lung急性粟粒性肺结核 acute necrotic enteritis急性坏死性结肠炎 anaphylactic purpura过敏性紫癜 ancylostomiasis钩虫病 ascariasis蛔虫病 asphyxia of the newborn新生儿窒息 atrial septal defect房间隔缺损 birth injury产伤 cephalhematoma头颅血肿 cerebral palsy脑性瘫痪 congenital torticollis先天性斜颈 convulsion惊厥 Down’s syndrome唐氏综合症 glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎 hemophilia血友病 infantile diarrhea婴儿腹泻 intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn新生儿颅内出血 intussusception肠套叠 necrotic enterocolitis of newborn新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎 neonatal jaundice新生儿黄疸 nutritional iron deficiency anemia营养性缺铁性贫血 nutritional megaloblastic anemia营养性巨幼细胞性贫血 patent ductus arteriosis动脉导管未闭 poliomyelitis骨髓灰质炎 premature infant早产儿 primary tuberculosis原发性肺结核 progressive muscular dystrophy进行性肌肉营养不良 pulmonary stenosis肺动脉狭窄 purulent meningitis化脓性脑膜炎 rickets佝偻病 sepsis of the newborn新生儿败血症 tetanus of the newborn新生儿破伤风 tetralogy of Fallot法洛四联症 thrush鹅口疮，真菌性口炎 varicella水痘 ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损 viral encephalitis病毒性脑炎 viral myocarditis病毒性心肌炎 Gynecology and Obstetrics妇，产科 abortion流产 adenomyosis子宫内膜异位症 amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞 Bartholin’s cyst巴氏腺囊肿 carcinoma of cervix子宫颈癌 carcinoma of endometrium子宫内膜癌 carcinoma of ovary卵巢癌 cervicitis宫颈炎 chorio-epithelioma绒毛膜上皮癌 corpora luteum cyst黄体囊肿 dystocia难产 eclampsia子痫 edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome 水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征） endometriosis子宫内膜异位症 extrauterine pregnancy子宫外孕 hydatidiform mole葡萄胎 hyperemesis gravidarum妊娠剧吐 infertility不育症 irregular menstruation月经失调 lochia恶露 monilial vaginitis念珠菌性阴道炎 multiple pregnancy多胎妊娠 myoma of uterus子宫肿瘤 oligohydramnios羊水过少 ovarian tumour卵巢肿瘤 pelvic inflammatory disease盆腔炎 placenta previa前置胎盘 placental abruption胎盘早期剥离 pregnancy-hypertension syndrome妊娠高血压综合症 premature birth早产 premature rupture of membrane胎膜早破 postpartum hemorrhage产后出血 puerperal infection产褥感染 rupture of uterus子宫破裂 trichomonas vaginitis滴虫性阴道炎 uteroplacental apoplexy子宫胎盘卒中 vulvitis外阴炎 Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology五官科 amblyopia弱视 amygdalitis, tonsillitis扁桃体炎 astigmatism散光 carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌 carcinoma of larynx喉癌 cataract白内障 tinnitus耳鸣 chalazion霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿 colour blindness色盲 deflection of nasal septum鼻中隔偏曲 deafness聋 furuncle of nasalvestibule鼻前庭疖 glaucoma青光眼 heterotropia斜视 hyperopia远视 injury of cornea角膜损伤 ceruminal impaction耵聍嵌塞 iritis虹膜炎 keratitis角膜炎 labyrinthitis迷路炎，内耳炎 laryngitis喉炎 mastoiditis乳突炎 myopia近视 nasal sinusitis鼻窦炎 otitis media中耳炎 obstruction of larynx喉梗阻 peritonsillar abscess扁桃体中脓肿 pharyngitis咽炎 rhinitis鼻炎 Dermatoloty皮科 acne痤疮 carcinoma of skin皮肤癌 bed sore褥疮 decubitus ulcer褥疮性溃疡 drug eruption药皮疹 eczema湿疹 herpes simplex单纯疱疹 herpes zoster带状疱疹 lupus erythematosis红斑狼疮 psoriasis牛皮癣 urticaria荨麻疹 wart疣 5.常见手术名称 General Sugery普外 appendectomy (appendicectomy)阑尾切除术 cholecystectmy胆囊切除术 cholecystostomy胆囊造口术 drainage of the abscess脓肿引流 enterostomy肠造口术 exploratory laparotomy开腹探查术 gastrectomy胃切除术 gastroduodenostomy胃十二指肠吻合术 hemorrhoidectomy痔切除术 hepaticotomy肝管切开术 hepatectomy肝切除术 herniorrhaphy疝修补术 ligation of lower oesophageal veins低位食管静脉结扎 pancreatectomy胰切除术 portal vena cava anastomosis门腔静脉吻合术 pyloroplasty幽门成形术 mastectomy乳房切除术 splenectomy脾切除术 thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术 thyroid lobectomy甲状腺叶切除术 vagotomy迷走神经切断术 Orthopedics骨科 amputation截肢 arthrodesis关节固定术 curettage if bone tumor骨瘤刮除术 excision of bone tumor骨瘤切除术 external fixation外固定 fasciotomy筋膜切开术 free skin graft自由皮瓣移植 internal fixation内固定 plaster cast石膏管形 plaster splintage石膏夹板固定 prosthetic replacement for joint人工关节置换术 reduction of fracture骨折复位 reduction of joint dislocation关节脱位复位 repair if ligament韧带修补 replantation if digit断指再植 skeletal traction骨牵引 tenorrhaphy腱缝合术 Thoracic Surgery胸外科 aortocoronary bypass主动脉冠状动脉分流 closed drainage of pleural cavity胸腔闭式引流 complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy法洛完全修复术 dilation of aortic valular stenosis主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术 exploratory thoracotomy开胸探查 heart transplantation心脏移植 heart valve replacement心脏瓣膜置换术 ligation of patent ductus arteriosis动脉导管未闭结扎术 lobectomy of lungs肺叶切除 local excision of tumor of lungs肺肿瘤局部切除术 parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus 食管部分切除、重建 repair of auricular septal defect房间隔缺损修补术 repair if ventricular septal defect室间隔缺损修补术 repair if valvular insufficiency瓣膜闭锁不全的修补 pericardiectomy心包切除术 peicardiotomy心包切开术 pulmonary embolectomy肺动脉栓子切除术 resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术 Urology泌尿科 cystoplasty膀胱成形术 cystostomy膀胱造口术 nephrectomy肾切除术 nephrostomy肾造口术 nephrolithotomy肾石切除术 orchiectomy睾丸切除术 prostatectomy前列腺切除术 renal biopsy肾活检 renal transplantation肾移植 urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除 urethroplasty尿道成形术 vasoligation输精管结扎术 Neurosurgery神经外科 decompression减压术 excision of brain tumor脑瘤切除术 exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术 lobectomy（脑）叶切除术 removed of intracranial hematoma颅内血肿清除术 repair of dura defect硬脑膜缺损修补术 Dentistry牙科 dental prosthetics镶牙 filling牙填充 orthodontic treatment牙矫正术 periodontal treatment牙周治疗 tooth extraction拔牙 Gynecology & Obstetrics妇产科 amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术 cervicectomy子宫颈切除术 cesarean section剖宫产术剖腹产 culdocentesis后穹隆穿刺术 dilatation of the cervix宫颈扩张术 excision of Bartholin cyst巴氏腺囊肿切除术 hysterectomy子宫切除术 induction of labor引产术 ovarian cystectomy助产术 oophorectomy卵巢切除术 salpingectomy输卵管切除术 sterilization绝育术 uterine curetlage刮宫术 vulvectomy外阴切除术 Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology五官科 aspiration of cataract白内障吸出术 closed reduction of nasal bone鼻骨闭合复位 corneal grafting角膜移植 enucleation of eyeball眼球摘除术 excision of turbinates鼻甲切除术 extraction of intra-ocular foreign body眼内异物摘除 laryngectomy and laryngostomy喉切除术和喉造口术 lens extraction晶体摘除 mastoidectomy乳突切开术 myringotomy鼓膜切开术 myringoplasty鼓膜成形术 nasal polypectomy鼻息肉切除术 septoplasty（鼻）中隔成形术 sinusotomy鼻窦切开术 submuscous resection of nasal septum鼻中隔粘膜下切除术 tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术 tympanoplasty鼓室成形术 6.常用药物名称 Antibiotics抗生素 albomycin白霉素 ampicillin氨苄青霉素 berberine黄连素 carbenicillin羧苄青霉素 cephaloridine先锋霉素II cephtlothin先锋霉素I chloromycetin氯霉素 erythromycin红霉素 furbenicillin呋苄青霉素 gentamycin庆大霉素 griseofulvin灰黄霉素 kanamycin卡那霉素 meecamycin, medemycin麦迪加霉素，麦迪霉素 neomycin新霉素 penicillin G青霉素G polymyxin B多粘菌素B streptomycin链霉素 terramycin合霉素 terramycin土霉素 Sulfonamides and Furane Derivatives磺胺类及呋喃类药 furacilin呋喃西林 furazolicone呋喃唑酮，痢特灵 sulfacetamide (SA)磺胺醋酰 sulfaciazine (SD)磺胺嘧啶 sulfadimidine (SM2)磺胺二甲嘧啶 sulfamethoxazole新诺明，磺胺甲噁唑 trimethoprim (TMP)增效磺胺 Sedatives and Tranquilizers镇静、安定药 chlordiazepoxide, librium利眠宁 chlorprom

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