plastic-surgery-整形手术.doc

What is plastic surgery?

Plastic surgery is a medical intervention with the purpose of altering, reshaping or sculpting the human body. Although aesthetic or cosmetic surgeries are the best known types of plastic surgery, there are other reconstructive surgeries that focus not so much on enhancing the appearance but on repairing damage to the body, making it look as it did before some type of trauma.

The most common plastic surgery procedures today:

1.Cosmetic

Facelift surgery
Liposuction
Breast surgery
Rhinoplasty

2.Reconstructive

Palate and cleft lip surgery
Reconstruction of burnt tissues
Reconstruction of damaged and severed limbs, including hand surgery
Reconstruction of patients after tumor removal

Plastic surgery pros and cons

Millions of people choose to have plastic surgery every year for different reasons. Most of them are happy with the results but stories of plastic surgery gone bad are not rare. Some people stress the risks of plastic surgery and claim that cosmetic surgery is bad. Other emphasize the positive effects of plastic surgery in improving physical appearance and self-esteem.

These are some of the most commonly argue pros and cons of plastic surgery:

1.Pros:

Some cosmetic surgeries have very positive impact on health. For instance a nose job can reduce sinus infections, and the reduction of large breasts can alleviate or eliminate back pain in some women.
Cosmetic surgery can be an excellent way of improving self-esteem. For instance a liposuction, rhinoplasty, or breast augmentation can boost confidence levels in the patient. Plastic surgery can eliminate deformities or correct aesthetic problems which can have a very negative psychological impact on the patient.
Improve the chances of getting a job. Many actors and artists undergo plastic surgery in order to look younger, remove unpleasant physical features or accentuate positive ones. Surgery procedures can make people look better and help them getting a job in certain industries.
Reconstructive surgery is crucial part of plastic surgery. Plastic surgery is not only about beauty, but also about health. For example plastic surgeons work correcting impairments caused by injuries and congenital abnormalities. Regeneration of burnt tissues, scar repairs and hand surgery are crucial to many people. Plastic surgery has a long history of helping those injured in war lead a normal life after they return.

Every coin has two sides
2.Cons:

Plastic surgery has health complications. There are many cases of plastic surgery gone wrong. Surgical procedures entail some risks including infections, nerve damage, scarring and organ damage.
Plastic surgery is expensive and sometimes the improvements are minimal.
Plastic surgery may make you look uglier or unnatural. The results of plastic surgery are not always those expected. Not everyone likes the look of the patients after breast augmentations or nose jobs.
The popularization of cosmetic surgery may reflect a materialistic or shallow society, obsessed with physical beauty. In some social contexts there are increasing pressures for people to undertake surgical procedures to conform with the prevailing beauty standards. These pressures and expectations create much frustration among people, and in particular among young women.

What shall we do?

国家应该制定相关政策，规范整容市场
The state should formulate relevant policies to regulate the plastic surgery market

社会应传播正能量，社会风气要正，要有正确的价值观（明星，主播……. ）
Society should spread positive energy, social atmosphere should be positive, must have correct values (stars, anchors...

防止文化入侵（韩国），增强文化自信
Prevent cultural invasion (South Korea), enhance cultural confidence

一是要根据自身年龄、气质、专业、职业等因素综合考量自己的整容需求；
One is to consider the needs of plastic surgery according to age, specialty, and other factors

二是也要考虑到自身的经济情况，有些女孩子为了做整容不惜去借高利贷实在没必要；Second, also take into account the economic situation of oneself, some girl to do plastic surgery do not hesitate to borrow loan of loan, which is not necessary;

三是要正确认识整容对人的作用，不要盲目夸大整容的作用。
Third, to correctly understand the role of plastic surgery, do not blindly exaggerate the role of cosmetic surgery.

提醒：整容要量力而行，内在修养比外在容貌更需提升
Experts remind that cosmetic surgery should be done within the means, and internal culture should be improved more than appearance
在爱美的同时一定要注重提升内在，通过多读书、多实践来丰富自己，增强自信。决定一个人能走多远的永远是一个人的内在。
At the same time, we must pay attention to the inner, enrich ourselves by reading more books and practice, and enhance our self-confidence.
It is always a person's inner being to decide how far a person can go.
And exercise and weight loss are often better alternative to many aesthetic surgery procedures, such as liposuction.