初中英语的时态考察.doc

教学流程：用将近一个小时的时间重点复习动词的时态，查缺补漏。剩下的时间处理学生1—4单元遗留的问题，包括单词、固定搭配以及小语法点。
教学内容：主要以八种时态为主，让学生把以前没弄明白的时态弄清楚，分清楚它们的区别，熟练应用。
教学目标：对时态完全掌握，前四个单元遗留的问题彻底解决。
Ⅰ. 初中英语八种时态归纳
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
基本结构：am/is/are+doing
否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were+doing
否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
基本结构：have/has + done
否定形式：have/has + not +d one.
一般疑问句：have或has。
六、过去完成时：
概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
基本结构：had + done.
否定形式：had + not + done.
一般疑问句：had放于句首。
七、一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.
否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。
八、过去将来时：
概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.
否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。
Ⅱ. 几种常見时态的相互轉换
英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相轉换，以下是几种常見的轉换形式：
一、一般过去时与现在完成时的轉换
在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语連用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用別的表达方式：①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；②瞬间动词可改成与之相对應的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间連用；③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看：
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
二、一般现在时与现在进行时的轉换
在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态轉换。请看：
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
三、现在进行时与一般将来时的轉换
在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语連用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：
The train is leaving soon.
The train will leave soon.
四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的轉换
“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看：
We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday

中考英语动词时态专项训练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空：
1 He swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)
2.It you are right. ( seem )
3.Look, the children basketball on the playground. ( play )
4.He to the radio when I came in, ( listen )
5.It is very cold .I think it .
( rain )
6. —I need some paper .
—I some for you . ( bring )
7.I can’t find my pen . Who it ?
( take )
8.He said that he back in five minutes . ( come )
9.I didn’t meet him. He when I got there. ( leave )
10.I my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )
11.He down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )
12.He is not here. He to the post office. (go)
13.He is very hungry. He anything for three days. ( not eat )
14.I with you if I have time .( go )
15.We will not go to the cinema if it tomorrow . (rain )
16.I will tell her the news when she to see me next week. (come)
17. “ When you the car ?” “ In 1998 . ”( buy )
18.We good friends since we met at school . （be）
19.What you at five yesterday afternoon ? (do)
20.The bike is nice . How much it ? (cost)
二、选择最佳答案填空
（ ）1.We’ll go swimming if the weather fine tomorrow.
A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to be
（ ）2.It five years since he has left for Beijing.
A. was B. have been C. is D. is going to be
（ ）3.Please don’t leave the office until your friend back.
A. came B. comes C. have come D. will come
（ ）4.By the end of last year he about 1500 English words. A. learns B. learned C. was learning D. had learned
（ ）5.Listen ! Someone in the next room .
A. cried B. crying C. is crying D. has cried
（ ）6.You must tell him the news as soon as you him.
A. see B. sees C. will see D. is seeing
（ ）7.He told me that he to see us the next day.
A. comes B. came C. will come D. would come
（ ）8.We can’t find him anywhere . Perhaps he home.
A. is going B. went C. has come D. would come
（ ）9.The teacher told us that the sun bigger than the earth.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
（ ）10.Could you tell me where the railway station ?
A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
（ ）11.We to the Great Wall several times.
A. go B. were going C. have gone D. have been
（ ）12.It seemed that the old man for something over there.
A. looks B. looked C. was looking D. has looked
（ ）13.He was sure that he his wallet in the office .
A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left
（ ）14.You must study hard if you want to fail the exam.
A. won’t B. don’t C. haven’t D. hadn’t
（ ）15. —I’m afraid you can’t sit here . —Sorry , I know.
A. don’t B. won’t C. can’t D. didn’t
（ ）16. As she the newspaper , Granny asleep.
A. read , was falling B. was reading fell
C. was reading , was falling D. read , fell
（ ）17. — my glasses ? —Yes , I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen
（ ）18. —Jim is not coming tonight . —But he !
A. promises（许诺） B. promised
C. will promise D. had promised
（ ）19. —What’s her name? —I .
A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
（ ）20.You your turn so you’ll have to wait.
A. will miss B. have missed C. are missing D. had missed
三、动词时态能力综合测试
（ ）1.He often his clothes on Sundays.
A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash
（ ）2.I’m Chinese. Where from? A. do you come B. you are coming C. you come D. are you coming
（ ）3.May to school.
A. never walks B. is never walking
C. walk never D. never is walking
（ ）4.We will start as soon as our teacher .
A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming
（ ）5.How long ago playing football?
A. have you stopped B. had you stopped C. did you stop D. do you stop
（ ）6.It hard when I left my house .
A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain
（ ）7.I think this question to answer.
A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D. will easy
（ ）8. Don’t talk so loudly . Your father
A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. had slept
（ ）9.How many people does the doctor know who of the disease？
A. are dying B. is dying C. has died D. dies
（ ）10.I my homework now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished
（ ）11.It ten years since his father died.
A. is B. was C. had been D. will be
（ ）12.He for three years.
A. has joined B. has been in the army C. joined D. has served the army
（ ）13.His grandfather for thirty years. A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died
（ ）14.I from my brother for a long time.
A. not have heard B. have not heard
C. have heard not D. do not hear
（ ）15.Maths , one of the most important subjects always interested him.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
（ ）16.—Did your brother go to America last year? —
A. No , he did never go there
B. No , he has never gone here
C. No , he never was there
D. No , he’s never been there
（ ）17.He that factory since 1958.
A. has left B. has worked in
C. has gone from D. has come to
（ ）18.Since ten years ago great changes in China.
A. happened B. have been happened
C. have happened D. are taken place
（ ）19.Our teacher to Beijing three times.
A. went B. had gone C. has gone D. has been
（ ）20.It’s the third time you late this week. A. had arrived B. arrived C. have arrived D. arrive
（ ）21. the film since I came here.
A. I’ve seen B. I will see C. I would see D. I see
（ ）22.Last week John his leg.
A. felt and broken B. fell and broke C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken
（ ）23.Jack his thick coat because it was snowing.
A. puts on B. put on C. takes on D. took on
（ ）24.He the picture on the wall.
A. hanged B. hung C. has hanged D. was hanged
（ ）25.Next month twenty five.
A. has my sister B. my sister will be
C. my sister shall have D. my sister is going to be
（ ）26.You her again in a few weeks. A. will see B. have seen C. had seen D. have been seen
（ ）27.My parents me to be a doctor.
A. hoped B. wanted C. decided D. withes
（ ）28.It hard when we left.
A. is raining B. has rained
C. rained D. was raining
（ ）29. By the end of last term we English for two years.
A. have studied B. have been studied
C. would studied D. had studied
（ ）30.She said that she there for five years .
A. has worked B. had worked
C. was working D. worked
（ ）31.Mrs Brown in New York for three years before she went to London.
A. lived B. had lived C. has lived D. will live
（ ）32.When we arrived , the dinner .
A. already began B. has already begun
C. had already begun D. was just begun
（ ）33.I will go home for the holiday as soon as I my exams.
A. will finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished
（ ）34.When , I’ll talk to him.
A. does Peter come B. Peter will come
C. Peter comes D. can Peter come
（ ）35.My sister to see me . She’ll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
（ ）36.They said they our answer the next day .
A. had heard B. would hear of
C. would hear D. will hear
（ ）37.The old man said that light faster than sound.
A. went B. will go C. travels D. will travel
（ ）38.Oh, dear Xiao Hong . I you in Nanjing.
A. don’t know , are B. didn’t know , were
C. didn’t know , are D. don’t know , have been
（ ）39.—Is John going away?
— I think so . He for a better job, but he didn’t get it.
A. had hoped B. was hoped
C. hoping D. had hope
（ ）40.I am sure he’ll come to see me before he Beijing.
A. leave B. left C. will leave D. leaves
（ ）41.—Well , here I am at last. —Good ! I worried .
A. was ,that you wouldn’t be back on time
B. is , that you would be back on time
C. is , so you’d be back on time
D. was , whether you wouldn’t be back on time

初中英语动词时态专项训练
参考答案
一、1.goes 2. seems 3. are playing 4. was listening 5.is going to rain 6. will bring 7. has taken 8.would come 9. had left 10. have lost 11. sat 12. has gone 13. hasn’t eaten 14.will go 15. rains es 17. did , buy 18. have been 19. were , doing 20. did , cost
二、1——5ACBDC 6——10ADCAB 11——15DCCBD 16——20BDBAB
三、1——5BAAAC 6——10CBBAC 11——15ABCBA 16——20DBCDC 21——25ABBBB 26——30ABDDB 31——35BCBCB 36——40CCBAD 41.A