虚拟语气详解及用法.doc

莆田雷丁英语，免费体验课程： 虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等（在条件从句中或者让步状语从句中）；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等（在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）。虚拟语气在条件句中：表示假设、猜测、怀疑等一 与现在事实相反的假设句型：从句：If 主语+过去时，主句：主语+should/would/could/might +do 例句：1.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 2.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.3.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.4.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没有带钱）If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.5.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力）If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.二 表示与过去事实相反的情况 句型：从句：If 主语+had +done ，主句：主语+should/would/could/might +have done 例子：1如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.2如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误。（事实：没有听我的话）If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 三、表示对将来情况的主观推测句型：从句：if+主语+were to do，主语+should/would/could/might +do if+主语+did/were ，主语+should/would/could/might +do if+主语+should +do ，主语+should/would/could/might +do例子：1 如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小） If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him. 2 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰。（事实：下雪可能性很小） If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.3 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。（事实：来的可能性很小）If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 四：用于宾语从句中Wish后加宾语从句 表示 不可能实现的愿望a、表现在的，谓语动词用过去式 例句：我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你)I wish I had your brains. b、表过去的，谓语动词：had +done 例句：我希望我那时就知道这件事情的真相。（事实：那时还不知道）I wish I had known the truth of the matter. c、表将来的，谓语动词：should/would（情态动词） + 动词原形 例句：我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。（事实：很难再有这样的机会了）I wish I should have a chance again. 五用语表示命令、建议、要求等宾语从句后想要desire 宁愿prefer 坚持insist 命令(order. command)建议(advise. suggest. propose/recommend) 要求(demand. require. request. ask)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：should + do。should可以省略。例句： He suggested that we (should) take the teachers advice. Suggest特殊情况：它表示“按时”的时候，句中不需要用虚拟语气。例句：他脸上的微笑暗示着他对我们的工作很满意。The smile on his face suggested that he was very satisfied with our work.Insist特殊情况意为“坚持某种动作”才用虚拟语气；意为“坚持某种观点，某个事实”则不用虚拟语气。 例句： 他坚持说他是个学生。He insists he is a student. 另外补充：一.用语表语从句和同位语从句在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名词后的表语或者同位语从句中要用should +V，should可以省略例句：1.我的观点是我们在接受这个方案前应该再三考虑。My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it.2.我们都同意应该取消会议。We all agree to the suggestion that the meeting should be put off.二表示：“早该做某事了”时，定语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：It is (high / about) time that + 主语+ 动词的过去式/ should + do（优先使用动词过去式） 例句：我该去学校接我的女儿了。It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. 你早该上班了。It is high time you should go to work. 莆田雷丁内部秘密英语，技巧，策略请在 网上 申请报名雷丁英语是中国实用型英语培训机构，通过全英语环境与外教一对一的模式提高学员英语口语水平，提供英语口语培训，成人英语培训，商务英语培训，企业英语培训等课程。