新版八年级英语下册第七单元知识点归纳.docx

新版八年级英语下册第七单元知识点归纳Unit7whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?1.Theelephantweightsmanytimesmorethanthispanda.这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。【解析1】weighv称的重量weightn重量【记】Sheweighsherselfeverydayandwantstoloseweight.【解析2】time“是.的几倍”主语+数词+times+as+形容词+as+被比较的内容ournewschoolisfourtimesasbigastheoldone.“次数”一次once两次twice三次及三次以上：基数词+timesthreetimes三次threeorfourtimes三到四次【短语】manytimes很多倍lasttime上次时everytime每次/每回eachtime每当时thefirsttime第一次时nexttime下次时【句型】Itstimeforsth.或Itstimetodosth.意为：该是的时候了Itstimefordinner.该是吃晚餐的时候了。Itstimeforchildrentogotobed.是小孩睡觉的时候了。【XX浙江杭州2】wehavetwoearsandonemouthsothatwecanlisten_wespeak.A.astwicemuchasB.twiceasmuchasc.asmuchastwiceD.asmuchtwiceas2.Atbirth,ababypandaisabout_to_kilos.刚出生的小熊猫幼崽约_到_公斤。【解析】atbirth出生时（用作时间状语）_，ababypandaisabout20cmlong.givebirth生孩子；产仔Apandacanliveupto_to_years.一只熊猫活_年到_年【解析】upto高达upto+数量词达到（某数量、程度等）；至多Icantakeuptofourpeopleinmycar.直到（现在）Uptonow,Tonyhasbeenveryquiet.beuptosb.“由某人决定”Shallwegooutorstayin?Itsuptoyou.4.Linweiandtheotherpandakeepersarepreparingthemilkforthebabypandasbreakfast.林微和其他熊猫饲养员们正在给熊猫幼崽准备牛奶作为早餐。【解析1】theother其他的（指两个事物或两个人中的“另一个”，后接名词时，表示“其他的人或物”；one.Theother.（两者中）一个.，另一个.theothers=theother+复数名词theother的复数形式是theothers“其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”。Twoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。【XX孝感3】22.myfamilyhastwodogs.oneiswhite,_isblack.A.otherB.anotherc.theotherD.others:学【解析2】preparefor为准备).preparesth.表示准备.，后接名词或代词作宾语。ourEnglishteacherwaspreparingthelessonswhenIcameintotheoffice.我进办公室时，我们的英语老师在备课。2).preparetodosth.表示准备做.。Theywerepreparingtocrosstheriverwhenitbegantorain.他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。3).prepareforsth.表示为.做准备。Thestudentsarebusypreparingforthefinalexam.学生们正在准备期末考试5.At9:00a.m,theyfindthatmostofthebabiesarealreadyawakeandhungry.上午9:00的时候，他们发现大部分熊猫幼崽已经醒来并且饿了。【解析】awakeadj.醒来（反义词）asleep睡着的Shewasawakallnight.V.唤醒；使醒来=wakeupThenoiseawakme.【XX江苏苏州】Doyoulie_Hefell_earlylastnight,andhewas_earlythismorning.A.sleep;wakeB.asleep;wakec.asleep;awakeD.sleep;awake6.whenthebabiesseethekeepers,theyrunoverwithexcitementandsomeofthemevenwalkintotheirfriendsandfalldown!当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便激动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！【解析1】runover撞倒runranrunrunningrunner赛跑的人【短语】runafter追逐,追求runawayfrom从跑掉;逃避runout被用完runoutof用完runinto无意间碰到,和相撞【解析2】excitement激动；兴奋Hetoldusanexcitingstoryyesterday.excitev兴奋excitementn激动；兴奋AreyouexcitedaboutgoingtoBeijing?beexcitedabout对感到激动toonesexcitement使某人兴奋的是【XX遂宁2】Everyonewas_whentheyheardthe_news.Aexciting，excitingBexcited，excitingcexcitingexcited【解析3】falldown跌倒fall“落下，跌落，降落”，指在重力的作用下落下，或失去平衡而跌落Theleavesfallintheautumn.falldown强调的是“滑倒、倒下”，后接宾语时应加上介词fromThebookfelldownfromthetabletothefloor.【短语】falldown倒下fallover落在.之上,脸朝下跌倒falloff下降,跌落fallover“向前摔倒、跌倒”。【XX四川凉山】whathappenedtomareHefell_thebike_asnowymorning.A.off;inB.down;atc.off;on7.Thebabyoftendiefromillnessanddonotliveverylong.熊猫幼崽常死于疾病，并且活不久。diev.（延续性动词）bedead死，死亡deathn.死，死亡deadadj.死的dyingadj.将死的Lucysdogs_yesterday.Its_madehersad.Hisgrandpa_forfiveyears.He_fortwoyears.wearestillsadabouthis_.A.died;deadB.died;deathc.hasbeendead;deadD.hasbeendead;deathThedoctor_a_boyyesterday.A.saved;dyingB.saved;deadc.hassaved;dead【XX曲靖中考】-ThenationalherowuBin,abusdriver,hardlyhadtimetothinkabouthimselfwhenindanger.-yes,His_isstartingtomakepeoplethinkalot.A.dieB.deathc.deadD.died【拓展】diefrom死于diev“死”表示生命的结束deadadj死的deathn死亡常用短语diefrom+外因“死于”，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。diefromatrafficaccident死于交通事故Theoldmandiedfromacaraccidentlastyear.这个老人去年死于一场车祸dieof+内因主要指疾病、衰老、情感等自身原因dieofhunger/anillness饿/病死Hisgrandfatherdiedoflivercancerin1992.dieout“（家族、物种等）灭绝；绝迹Dinosaursdiedout65millionyearsago.恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了Hedied_thetrafficaccidentlastweek.A.ofB.fromc.withD.for【XX湖北荆州】Doyouknowthatmr.Zhangpassed_lastweekyes.Hedied_illness.A.away;ofB.on;fromc.by;withD.off;as【解析2】illness疾病；病ill/sick共同点：生病的；有病的不同点：illadj.生病的；有病的作表语，不能作定语beillinhospitalsick作表语/作定语，病人asickman或thesick,Sheisill/sickinbed.她卧病在床。Sheislookingafterhersickfather.她在照顾她生病的父亲。【拓展】sick恶心的；厌倦的Thesmellmakesmesick.这气味使我感到恶心。【XX甘肃白银】25.Hecantevenmovebecauseofhis.8.Adultpandasspendmorethan12hoursadayeatingabout10kilosofbamboo.成年熊猫每天花12个小时来吃掉大约10公斤的竹子。【解析】spenddoing花时间做某事【】spend/pay/cost/take花费spendspentspentv花费,主语是人sb.+spend+时间/钱+onsthsb.+spend+时间/钱+（in）doingsthspendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.Remembertospendsometime_yourlovedones,becausetheyrenotgoingtobearoundforever.A.fromB.withc.inD.on【XX湖南永州】myfather_onehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.A.spentB.costc.paidpaypaidpaidv支付，主语是人sb.+pay+钱+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.Howmuchdidyou_forthiscomputer?Fivehundreddollars.A.costB.takec.spendD.paycostcostcostv花费，主语是某物或某事sthcostsb.+钱某物花费某人多少钱Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.【XX广西贵港】Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.It_me120yuan.A.paidB.takec.costD.spendtaketooktakenv花费Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【XX黑龙江绥化】10.Itwill_themseveralyearstolearnEnglishwell.A.costB.takec.spend【XX曲靖中考】-Areyoualwaysonline?-yes.It_mealotoftimetoreadthewebpagesIlikes.Itsthebestwaytokilltime.A.takesB.spendsc.usesD.pays【XX鞍山】Itonly_him20minutes_tohisofficeeveryday.A.takes,todriveB.took,drivec.takes,driveD.took,todrive【XX湖北荆州】22.Itusuallymumabouthalfanhourtocooksupper.A.paysB.takesc.spendsD.costs【XX四川雅安】4.Ispent$5thisbook.A.inB.tobuyc.buyingD.buy【XX山东济宁】22.Doyouknowthepriceoftheticket?yes.Each_¥180.A.paysB.costsc.takesD.spends【XX湖北黄石】38.It_meabout10days_paintingthewalls.A.took;tofinishB.cost;finishingc.took;finishingD.spent;tofinish【XX四川遂宁】24.Paulsparentswereworriedthathetoomuchtimechattingonline.A.spentB.paidc.took【XX山东青岛】9.HowmuchisthetickettocentralPark?Aone-wayticket_$40,andyoucan_another$20foraround-trip.A.costs,payB.cost,spendc.pay,spendD.spends,pay9.Butthenhumansstartedtocutdowntheforests,andtherewaslessbambooforthepandas.但是后来人类开始砍伐森林，导致可供熊猫吃的竹子越来越少。【解析1】cutdown砍伐；砍倒cutdown砍倒，减少，降低，缩短Thelittleboycutdowntheyoungtree【拓展】与cut有关的短语cutsomethingfromsomething切下，割下cutsomethingaway切除，剪去cutup切碎cutoff切断，停止【XX四川宜宾1】PresidentXijinpingcallsonchinesepeopleto_allthefoodeachmeal.A.eatupB.useupc.pickupD.cutup【XX山东济南4】Alice,couldyouhelpme_themeat?Iwanttomakesomedumplingsfordinner.ok.Illdoitrightaway.A.putupB.giveupc.useupD.cutup【解析2】less更少的less是little（小；少）的比较级：Hespendslesstimedoingexperiments.他做实验花时间较少。“less+形容词或副词”构成劣等比较，作“较不”，“更不”解。Itislesscoldthanitwasyesterday.天气不如昨天那样冷。【拓展】notlessthan+基数词表示不下于；至少；不止nolessthan+基数词表示达.之多（言其多）Therearenotlessthan40studentsinthisclass.这个班级至少有40个学生。Nolessthan1,000peopleweremissingintheearthquake.地震中失踪人数多达一千人。【XX十堰3】13.manyboystudentsthinkmathis_English.Iagree.ImweakinEnglish.A.muchdifficultthanB.sodifficultasc.lessdifficultthanD.moredifficultthan0.ScientistssaytherearenowfewerthanXXpandaslivingintheremainingforests.科学家们说现在只有不到XX只大熊猫生活在幸存的森林中了。【解析】Therebe+名词（短语）+ving.某处有某人或某物在做某事Thereisatruckcollectingrubbishoutside.【解析】remindv保持，仍是（系动词+adj.）Thoughhehasbeenworkinghard,hismathremains_.A.badB.badlyc.okAtthemeeting,theysaidnothingbut_quiet.A.tookBmakec.reminded【XX辽宁鞍山】25.canIsmokeinthedininghall?Sorry.Itsnot_.A.promisedB.realizedc.allowedD.reminded1.Another200orsoliveinzoosorresearchcentersinchinaandothercountries.另外的200只左右生存在动物园或中国和其他国家的研究中心。【解析】another+数词另外的,再another同类事物（三个以上）的另一个，Idontlikethisone,pleaseshowmeanother.我不喜欢这个,请给我另一个。some.others一些，另一些Someboysarereading;othersarelisteningtotheradio.有些孩子在阅读,有些则在听收音机。one.theother表示两者里面的另一个！Iveboughttwosweaters.oneisforyouandtheotherisformybrother.other+复数名词wherearetheotherstudents?其他同学在哪里?【XX孝感3】22.myfamilyhastwodogs.oneiswhite,_isblack.A.otherB.anotherc.theotherD.others:学科网【XX福建南平】Haveyoufinishedyourworkyet?No,notyet.Itlltakeme_tenminutes.A.otherB.anotherc.theother2.weallhopethatinthefuturetherewillbealotmorepandasthannow.【解析】therebe句型的将来时【XX铜仁】Theresgoingto_anEnglisheveningtonight?wouldyouliketogowithus?Idloveto.A.haveB.hasc.isD.be【XX黔西南】_twosoccergamesinourschoolnextweek.A.ThereishasB.Therearehavec.TherearegoingtobeD.Thereisgoingtobe【XX湘西】Doyouthinkthere_robotsinPeopleshomesinthefuture?A.willbeB.willisc.bewill3.Anotherreasonforfewerandfewerpandasisbecausepeoplearecuttingdownforestssopandashavefewerplacestoliveandlessbambootoeat.熊猫越来越少的另外一个原因是因为人们砍伐森林，所以可供熊猫居住的地方越来越小，可供其吃的竹子也越来越少。【解析】比较级+and+比较级越来越【XX安徽芜湖1】FuntawildAdventureisverypopularand_touristsvisitityearbyyear.A.moreandmoreB.fewerandfewerc.lessandlessD.moreorless【XX湖北恩施2】Farmershavebecome_inourhometowninrecentyears.A.moreandmorerichB.richerandricherc.morerichandmorerich【XX辽宁鞍山1】Afterrebuilding,ourschoolisbecoming_.A.moreandmorebeautifulB.morebeautifulandbeautifulc.beautifulandbeautifulD.themorebeautiful（二）形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词及副词的比较级和最高级变化形式一、规则变化.一般在词尾直接加er或est，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，big-bigger-biggest【注】:大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级.（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat）5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful【注】:表示否定意义在其前加less/leastimportant-lessimportant-leastimportantEnglishismoreinterestingthanchinese=chineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.6.由“形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/mostslowly-moreslowly-mostslowly；但earlyearlier-earliest二、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldold/elderold/eldestbad/badly/illworseworstfarfarther/further（程度）farthest/furthest下列单、双音节词只能加more和most注:形容词,副词同形有:back,high,well,fast,early,late,straight三、常见用法形容词或副词的比较级+than。如：youaretallerthanTom.你比Tom高。可修饰比较级的词abit,alittle,rather,much,far,alot,agreatdeal,any,still,even.11