名词性从句考点复习整理省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

第1页一、找出以下句子成份（主、谓、宾、表、定、一、找出以下句子成份（主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补）状、补）1.Mouselovesrice.2.Godisagirl.3.IamMissChen,theheadteacherofClass1.第2页4(1)Hisjobisimportant.(2)Whathedoesisimportant.5(1)Thisishisjob.(2)Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.第3页6(1)Idontlikehisjob.(2)Idontlikewhathedoeseveryday.7(1)Idontknowtheman,Mr.White.(2)Idontknowthefactthatheisateacher.第4页二、名词从句二、名词从句(Noun Clauses)在句子中起在句子中起_作用句子，作用句子，相当于相当于_ 在复合句中能担任在复合句中能担任_、_、_、_等等依据它在句中不一样语法功效，可分为依据它在句中不一样语法功效，可分为_(Subject Clause)、_(Predicative Clause)、_(Object Clause)_(Appositive Clause)第5页三、名词性从句三、名词性从句考点：考点：.语序问题语序问题4.连连接接词词that,whether,ifwhat,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,howwhatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whosever6.it作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语使用方法形式宾语使用方法.时态问题时态问题7.同位语从句与定语从句区分同位语从句与定语从句区分5.名词性从句中虚拟语气名词性从句中虚拟语气.主谓一致问题主谓一致问题第6页合成一个句子：合成一个句子：1)Hewouldbebackinanhour.HesaidHesaid(that)hewouldbebackinanhour.2)DotheyspeakEnglish?WewanttoknowWewanttoknowif/whethertheycanspeakEnglish.3)Whatishername?HeasksmeHeasksmewhathernameis.考点考点1.语序语序:连接词陈说句连接词陈说句第7页注意：在注意：在think,believe,suppose,expect等等动词之后动词之后,宾语从句中谓语否定常转移宾语从句中谓语否定常转移到主句谓语上，到主句谓语上，称为否定转移。称为否定转移。Idontthinkhewillseeyou.Wedontexpectheiscoming.Idontbelievehewillgo.考点考点1.语序语序:连接词陈说句连接词陈说句第8页No one can be sure _ in amillionyears.A.whatwillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike考点考点1.语序语序:连接词陈说句连接词陈说句第9页1)WhenwillProfessorLigiveusatalk?WewantedtoknowWewantedtoknowwhenProfessorLiwouldgiveusatalk.2)Jimisagoodstudent.TheteachersaidTheteachersaid(that)Jimwasagoodstudent.3)HasMr.GreenbeeninBeijingforfiveyears?HeaskedHeaskedif/whetherMr.GreenhadbeeninBeijingforfiveyears.考点考点2 2 时态问题时态问题1.假如主句是假如主句是过去时态过去时态(包含包含普通过去时普通过去时,过去进行过去进行时时),那么从句时态一定要用那么从句时态一定要用相对应过去某种时态。相对应过去某种时态。第10页考点考点2 2 时态问题时态问题2.主句动词用主句动词用过去过去时，从句表示时，从句表示客观事实，格言，客观事实，格言，谚语谚语等，从句谓语动词用等，从句谓语动词用普通现在时普通现在时Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight_(travel)fasterthansound.travels3.主句动词用主句动词用普通现在时普通现在时，从句谓语可，从句谓语可依据从句依据从句谓语动词发生时间选取谓语动词发生时间选取各种各种时态时态TomsaysthatMary_(go)abroadlastyearand_(be)therefornearly5months.wenthasbeen第11页考点考点3主谓一致问题主谓一致问题1)何时开会还没有决定。何时开会还没有决定。When the meeting will begin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.2)他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。单个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词单个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词普通普通用用_形式。形式。假如是两个或两个以上主语从句作主语，谓语动词假如是两个或两个以上主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用则用_形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用从句，谓语动词用_形式。形式。单数单数复数复数hasWhen they will startandwhere they will go _(have)notbeendecidedyet.3)何时何地开会还没有决定。何时何地开会还没有决定。When and where the meeting will begin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.has单数单数have第12页1.引导词引导词that（当名词性从句中不缺任何（当名词性从句中不缺任何成份时用成份时用that)that 可省略情况：可省略情况：单个宾语从句单个宾语从句中中that可省略可省略that不可省略情况：不可省略情况：1.主语从句主语从句2.表语从句表语从句3.同位语从句同位语从句4.用用it做形式宾语宾语从句做形式宾语宾语从句5.并列宾语从句中后几个从句引导词并列宾语从句中后几个从句引导词that 不能省略不能省略考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取第13页that/省略省略1)Idontthink_sheiscoming.2)Itisapity_hehasmadesuchamistake.3)Thereasonis_heiscareless.4)Thenews_ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5)Idontthinkitnecessary_youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6)Hetoldme_hisfatherhaddiedand_hehadtomakealivingalone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取第14页2.其它连接代词和副词选取其它连接代词和副词选取主要依据名词性从句中详细意义主要依据名词性从句中详细意义,正确选择正确选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些等连接词，这些连接词既含有疑问含义，又起连接连接词既含有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成份。作用，同时在从句中充当各种成份。考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取第15页1)我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.2)我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idontknow_broketheglassyesterday.3)我不知道他长什么样子。我不知道他长什么样子。Ihavenoidea_helookslike.4)这就是我忘记眼镜地方。这就是我忘记眼镜地方。Thisis_Ileftmyglasses.Whenwhowhatwhere考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取第16页1)Ithinkthatitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.2)Hismotherissatisfiedwithwhathehasdone.3)Thathewasabletocomemadeushappy.4)Thisiswhatmakesusinterested.5)ThereasonwasthatTomhadneverseenthemillion-poundnotebefore.所引导从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语汉语汉语意意义义能否省略能否省略whatthat考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取3.that和和what选取选取that和和what都可引导全部名词从句。都可引导全部名词从句。第17页填填that 还是还是 what？1)_hewantsisabook.2)_hewantstogothereisobvious.3)Theresultis_wewonthegame.4)Thisis_wewanttoknow.5)Is_hetoldustrue?6)Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7)Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8)Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取第18页1)在主语从句中，只有用在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语作形式主语时时,whether和和if 都能引导主语从句都能引导主语从句,不不然然,也只能用也只能用whether。如。如:Whetherweshallattendthemeetinghasntbeendecidedyet.Ithasntbeendecidedwhether(if)weshallattendthemeeting.考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取4.if 和和whether 选取选取第19页2)在表语从句和同位语从句中。如：在表语从句和同位语从句中。如：Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.Thenewswhetherourteamhaswonthematchisunknown.考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取4.if 和和whether 选取选取第20页3)在介词之后。在介词之后。(介词往往能够省略介词往往能够省略)如如:Italldepends(on)whethertheywillsupportus.4)后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：Hedoesntknowwhethertostayornot.5)后面紧接后面紧接or not 时。如：时。如：Wedidntknowwhetherornotshewasready.考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取4.if 和和whether 选取选取第21页4.if 和和whether 选取选取不能使用不能使用if 情况：情况：1）主语从句）主语从句2）表语从句）表语从句3）同位语从句）同位语从句4）介词后宾语从句）介词后宾语从句5）whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do6）whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从连在一起引导宾语从句时不用句时不用if.考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取第22页if/whether1)Iaskedher_shehadabike.2)_wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3)Wereworriedabout_heissafe.4)Idontknow_heiswellornot.5)Idontknow_ornotheiswell.6)Thequestionis_heshoulddoit.7)Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion_theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8)Idontknow_togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether考点考点4名词性从句连接词选取名词性从句连接词选取第23页基本句型基本句型：Itis+形容词、名词、过去分词形容词、名词、过去分词+that.+(should)do 形容词:important,necessary,natural,strange 名词:a pity,a shame,no wonder 过去分词:suggested,ordered,demanded,insisted 1.Itisorderedthathe_theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold考点考点5虚拟语气虚拟语气a)主语从句中虚拟语气主语从句中虚拟语气第24页Wesuggestedthatthemeeting_A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoff表示提议、要求、命令、坚持等动词表示提议、要求、命令、坚持等动词suggest,insist,advise,propose,demand,require,request,order,command后从句谓语动词用后从句谓语动词用_注意注意:suggest当表示当表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明”讲时，讲时，insist表示表示“坚持认为坚持认为”之意时，之意时，从句不用虚从句不用虚拟语气拟语气(should)+do/bedoneThesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe_(was/be/is)satisfiedwithourwork.was考点考点5虚拟语气虚拟语气b)宾语从句中虚拟语气宾语从句中虚拟语气第25页a.IwishI_(know)theanswernow.b.Iwishhe_(pass)theexamyesterday.c.IwishI_(fly)tothemooninafewyears.1.对现在虚拟时对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时从句中谓语用过去时2.对过去虚拟时对过去虚拟时，用用had过去分词过去分词3.对未来虚拟时对未来虚拟时，用用would(might等等)动词原形动词原形knewhadpassedwouldfly考点考点5虚拟语气虚拟语气b)宾语从句中虚拟语气宾语从句中虚拟语气第26页在在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等等名词后面表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，名词后面表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即即_1.His suggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.2.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Theordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey_untilthecommanderallowedtheyto.A.stoppedB.didntstopC.stopD.notstop考点考点5虚拟语气虚拟语气c)表语和同位语从句中虚拟语气表语和同位语从句中虚拟语气(should)+do/bedone第27页1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Itisobvioustothestudentswhethertheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.itItthatwhether找出以下句子中错误找出以下句子中错误当当主主语语从从句句较较长长，而而谓谓语语较较短短时时，经经常常将将从从句句_，而而用用it作作为为形形式式主主语语置置于于句句首首。it也也可可作形式作形式宾语宾语。后置后置考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语第28页用用it作形式主语结构作形式主语结构(1)Itis名词从句名词从句Itisafactthat事实是事实是Itisanhonorthat非常荣幸非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识是常识(2)Itis形容词从句形容词从句(多用多用should)Itisnaturalthat很自然很自然Itisstrangethat奇怪是奇怪是考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语第29页(3)Itis不及物动词从句不及物动词从句Itseemsthat似乎似乎Ithappenedthat恰巧恰巧Itappearsthat似乎似乎(4)Itis过去分词从句过去分词从句Itisreportedthat据报道据报道Ithasbeenprovedthat已证实已证实Itissaidthat听说听说考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语第30页1）Itiscertainthathewillcome.2）ItissaidthatsomeAmericanfriendswillvisitourschoolnextweek.3）Ithappenedthatwewereoutforawalkyesterdayevening.考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语第31页在宾语从句中在宾语从句中,假如宾语从句后有宾语假如宾语从句后有宾语补足语，为了保持句子平衡补足语，为了保持句子平衡,用用it作形式作形式宾语宾语,将从句放于句尾将从句放于句尾,惯用于此句型动惯用于此句型动词有词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think.1）Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.2）Ithinkitapitytowastethefood.考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语第32页考点考点7 同位语从句引导和区分同位语从句引导和区分1.同位语从句格式：同位语从句格式：n.+连接词连接词+从句从句2.能接同位语从句名词有：能接同位语从句名词有：fact,idea,news,information,order,belief,advice,suggestion等抽象名词等抽象名词3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可依据含义选取也可依据含义选取whether,what,when,where 等来引导同位等来引导同位语从句。语从句。第33页1)Ihavenoidea_hecomesfrom.2)Hecantanswerthequestion_hegotthemoney.3)Hegaveusmanysuggestions_weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4)Ihavenodoubt_hewillwin.5)Ihavesomedoubt_hewillwin.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhether考点考点7 同位语从句引导和区分同位语从句引导和区分第34页4.同位语从句和定语从句区分同位语从句和定语从句区分考点考点7 同位语从句引导和区分同位语从句引导和区分同位同位语语从句从句说说明明名名词词大都是抽象名大都是抽象名词词;定定语语从句从句所所修修饰饰、限定、限定名名词词或代或代词词有抽有抽象也有不抽象。象也有不抽象。WeexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitChinaagain.Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.第35页1)Thenewsthathetoldusmadeushappy.2)Thenewsthatwewonthegamemadeushappy.3)Wewillconsiderthesuggestionthatweshouldbuildanewlibrary.4)Wewillconsiderthesuggestionthatheputforwardatthemeeting.同位语从句同位语从句or定语从句定语从句?定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句考点考点7 同位语从句引导和区分同位语从句引导和区分第36页5)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatMikewouldgoabroadnextyear.6)ThenewsthatMikewouldgoabroadnextyearistoldbyhim.7)SheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitShanghaiagain.8)Thehope(that)sheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitShanghaiagain.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句考点考点7 同位语从句引导和区分同位语从句引导和区分同位语从句同位语从句or定语从句定语从句?第37页请看这两句有什么不一样？The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.The news that he told me yesterday is true.考点考点7 同位语从句引导和区分同位语从句引导和区分定语从句同位语从句that4.同位语从句和定语从句区分同位语从句和定语从句区分第38页Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.(news和从句没有和从句没有逻辑逻辑关系关系)Theorderwhenweshouldgobackhasntreachedus.(order和从句没有和从句没有逻辑逻辑关系关系)Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.(news是是told逻辑宾语逻辑宾语)ThedaywhenNewChinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten.(day是是founded逻辑逻辑状状语语)考点考点7 同位语从句引导和区分同位语从句引导和区分同位同位语语从句从句所所说说明名明名词词与从句与从句没有没有逻辑逻辑关系关系；定定语语从句从句所限定名所限定名词词是是从句从句逻辑逻辑上主上主语语、宾语宾语、表表语语、定、定语语、状、状语语等。等。4.同位语从句和定语从句区分同位语从句和定语从句区分第39页疑问词+ever既能够引导名词性从句，也能够引导让步状语从句，而no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。Whatever/No matter what he says,I will never believe him.I believe whatever he says.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_he or she wants.A however B whatever C whichever D wheneverwhoever=anyone whowhomever=anyone whomwhoseever=anyone whosewhatever=anything that第40页 who 与 whoever 区分 who 是“谁”意思，表示含有疑问，whoever 相当于 anyone who“不论谁”Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.Can you tell me who that gentleman is?第41页