unit3computers省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

ComputersUnit 3第1页教材内容分析本单元听说读写活动围绕中心话题“计算机”展开，内容包括计算机发展历史，计算机应用等，其中还谈到包含计算机在内几个信息技术载体，智能机器人创造等。“现在完成被动式”是本单元句法项目。第2页教学设计说明依据教学内容可将本单元分为四个课时四个课时来进行教学：1.Warming up与reading整合成一课时，重点在于引导学生了解计算机发展历史。2.Learning about language作为一课时，着重帮助学生分析文章中语言点和掌握本单元语法项目。3.Using language中listening和speaking作为一课时，引导学生深入了解和谈论关于IT知识。4.Using language中reading和writing作为一课时，意在激发学生对于计算机兴趣以及设计机器人。第3页Period 1Warming up&reading第4页I am very old now.I was born in China.Many people used me for calculating in the past,but now I am a bit lonely because they dont like me now.Do you know who I am?abacusRiddles(谜语谜语)第5页I can be used for calculating.Besides,I can also be used for watching DVD,sending e-mail and communicating through the Internet.However,I am not a PC,because Im small enough for you to take me with you.Do you know who I am?laptop第6页PDA Personal Digital AssistantI am so small in size that I can fit in your hand.I usually have a small screen usually bigger than a digital phone,however smaller than the smallest laptop,Im a great way to store telephone numbers,access the internet,make calculations,and so on.Do you know who I am?第7页I am very small.I can be used for calculating.In China,a lot of students use me when solving mathematical problems.Do you know who I am?calculator第8页I am very big.Scientists use me to solve some mathematical problems.huge computerDo you know who I am?第9页robotIm a machine that works automatically.I can do a wide variety of tasks,especially suitable for doing jobs too boring,difficult,or dangerous for human beings.Do you know who I am?第10页PC Personal ComputerIm a small,relatively inexpensive computer designed for an individual user.Im based on the microprocessor technology.At home,people use me to surf the Internet and play games.Do you know who I am?第11页PDAabacuscalculatorhuge computerPClaptopWhats next?Can you tell the development of computers?robot第12页Do you know in what ways computers are used today?Work out a list and compare it with your partner.第13页search for see movies第14页listen to musicread books and magazines第15页send emails to friendsdownload music and films第16页buy things on lineplay games on the computer第17页draw pictureslook at photographs on the computer第18页use a computer for school worktake part in chat groups第19页WHO AM I?Reading第20页1.Who is the speaker in this story?2.Whats the main idea of this passage?A.The development of computers.B.The development and use of computers.C.A machine which is simple-minded.D.Computers may replace human beings.A computer.SkimmingReading Comprehension I第21页16421822The analytical machine was made by Charles Babbage.The computer began as a calculating machine1936The computer grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.Finish the timeline below.ScanningReading Comprehension II第22页1940sThe first family of computers was connected to each other.1970s Now1960sComputers were used in offices and homes.Computers connect people all over the world together.The computer had grown as large as a room.第23页These changes only became possible as my memory improved.Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.Over time I have been changed quite a lot.Para 1:Para 2:Para 3:Match the main ideas and the paragraphs.Reading Comprehension III第24页Complete the chart below.Para-graph 1Para-graph 2Para-graph 3Topic sentenceSupporting detailstubescommunica-tions financeScanningReading Comprehension第25页Paragraph 1Topic sentenceOver time I have been changed quite a lot.Supporting details1 calculating machine2 analytical machine3 universal machine4 PC5 laptop第26页Paragraph 2Topic sentenceThese changes only became possible as my memory improved.Supporting details1 tubes2 transistors3 chips4 network5 World Wide Web第27页Paragraph 3Topic sentenceSince the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.Supporting details1 communications 2 finance 3 trade4 robots 5 mobile phones6 medical operations7 space rockets8 providing a life of high quality第28页Brainstorm a list of things that you,your school and your familyuse computers for.Think about what you wouldhave to do if you could not usecomputers any more.Discussion 第29页Period 2Learning about language第30页Fill the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.1 _ complete change in ways of thinking,working,etc2 _ connected computer system3 _ to make things easierrevolutionnetworksimplify第31页4 _ to find the answer using numbers5 _can be moved easily from place to place6 _ to work out the answer to a problem7 _to travel around an area to find out about itcalculatemobilesolveexplore第32页8 _ completely9 _ anyway10 _ activity of managing moneytotallyanyhowfinance第33页Complete the passage with the words below.artificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logicallyMy brother was very interested in computers and enjoyed writing programs of his own.He used to download information from the Internet and made第34页good use of it.He liked to _ the World Wide _ and used the Internet to communicate with computer programmers all over the world.When he went to university he studied IT(information _)and developed a special in _exploreWebtechnologyartificial第35页intelligence.After developing special _of the computer,he hopes to design an _ robot which can think _ and look like human being,but in _ he was a long way to go.logicallyapplicationsintelligentreality第36页1.calculate 2.vt.work(sth.)out by using numbers 计算计算e.g.calculate the cost of sth.calculator n.计算器计算器第37页2.universal adj.existing everywhere or involving everyone普遍；通用；宇宙普遍；通用；宇宙 universal rules 普通标准普通标准universe n.宇宙宇宙;万有万有;世界世界;全人类全人类Our world is but a small part of theuniverse.我们世界只是宇宙一小部分。我们世界只是宇宙一小部分。第38页 3.simplify vt to make something less complicated and therefore easier to do or understand 简化简化 The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier to understand.这个故事里英语被简写了，可更这个故事里英语被简写了，可更 轻易了解。轻易了解。第39页4.logical adj.合逻辑；合清理合逻辑；合清理 a logical thinker 思想有逻辑性人思想有逻辑性人 a logical process 合理程序合理程序 logically adv.逻辑上；逻辑上；有条理地有条理地He acted logically under the circumstances.在这种情况下他做事依然很理智。在这种情况下他做事依然很理智。Logically,the decision is obvious.从逻辑上，这项决定是显著。从逻辑上，这项决定是显著。第40页5.technologytechnique(n.)technologist(person)technical(adj.)technological(adj.)1)This company is in great need of many _.2)To build this machine,you must have _ability.3)Do you know the knowledge of agricultural _.technologiststechnicaltechnique第41页6.artificial adj.人造人造;假假 artificial flowers/limbs/pearls 假花假花/假肢假肢/假珍珠假珍珠 artificial intelligence 人工智能人工智能第42页7.intelligence noun U the ability to learn,understandand make judgments or have opinionsthat are based on reason.智力；聪明智力；聪明intelligence quotient 智商智商an intelligence test 智力测验智力测验an intelligence agent 情报员情报员;谍报员谍报员第43页intelligent adj.智能；聪明智能；聪明an intelligent reader 了解力强读者了解力强读者an intelligent being 有智力动物有智力动物intelligent reply 巧妙回复巧妙回复He is an intelligent person.他是一位有才智人。他是一位有才智人。第44页8.solvevt.处理；解答处理；解答1)I cant solve the problem.我解答不了这个难题。我解答不了这个难题。2)Help me to solve my financial troubles.请帮我处理经济困难请帮我处理经济困难.3)The greatest scholar cannot solve this difficult problem.再伟大学者也没有再伟大学者也没有方法解答这个难题吧。方法解答这个难题吧。第45页9.fromon 从从时起时起From then on,the prince andprincess lived happily.从那时起，王子与公主就幸福地生从那时起，王子与公主就幸福地生活在一起活在一起。第46页10.as a result 结果结果1)He didnt work hard,as a result he failed his exam.他不用功他不用功,结果考试不及格。结果考试不及格。2)Five hundred jobs were axed as a result of government spending cuts.因为政府缩减经费缘故因为政府缩减经费缘故,有五百人被突有五百人被突然辞退了。然辞退了。3)He was late as a result of the snow.因为大雪他迟到了。因为大雪他迟到了。第47页11.so that 如此如此以致于以致于与与 tooto 句型相互转换句型相互转换e.g.He is so old that he cant carry the box.He is too old to carry the box.第48页 此结构中此结构中that从句表示结果。从句表示结果。The stone is so heavy that no one can lift it.比较比较:so that 既能表结果，也能表目标。既能表结果，也能表目标。so.that.结构结构so+形容词形容词/副词位于句副词位于句 首时，句子用倒装结构。首时，句子用倒装结构。So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.第49页12.explore vt.&vi.探索；探测；探究探索；探测；探究1)The experts are exploring every part of the island.教授们正在勘查这个岛各个部分。教授们正在勘查这个岛各个部分。2)He had an itch to get away and explore.他等不及要动身去探险。他等不及要动身去探险。3)Can you explore the market possibility for us?您能为我们考查一下市场前景吗？您能为我们考查一下市场前景吗？第50页13.anyhowadv.不论怎样；即使如此；最少不论怎样；即使如此；最少1)I couldnt think of the name of that man anyhow.我怎么也想不出那人名字来了。我怎么也想不出那人名字来了。2)Anyhow,you can try.最少你能够试试。最少你能够试试。3)Anyhow I must tell the truth.不论怎样，我必须说出真相。不论怎样，我必须说出真相。第51页14.goal n.目标；目标；球门目标；目标；球门 ones goal in life 生活目标生活目标 a common goal 一个共同目标一个共同目标 keep goal 守球门守球门 win by two goals 以两球获胜以两球获胜 He achieved his goal.他到达了他目标。他到达了他目标。He kicked a goal.他踢进一球。他踢进一球。第52页15.human race 人类人类1)Is the human race threatened with complete extinction?人类是否会受到完全灭绝威胁呢？人类是否会受到完全灭绝威胁呢？2)Everything you say seems to be pervaded with a mistrust of the human race.你说一切似乎都渗透了对人类不信任。你说一切似乎都渗透了对人类不信任。第53页Difficult sentences analysisI am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helperof the human race!S.P.我现在充满了幸福感，成了人类好我现在充满了幸福感，成了人类好朋友好帮手！朋友好帮手！同位语从句同位语从句O.Adv.第54页The Present Perfect Passive VoiceGrammar第55页现在完成时被动语态表示动作发生在过去现在完成时被动语态表示动作发生在过去,到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。现在完成时被动语态现在完成时被动语态Understanding the structure of the present perfect passive voiceThe structure of the present perfect passive voice is:have/has beened第56页1.主动语态即主语为动作执行者；被主动语态即主语为动作执行者；被2.动语态即主语为动作承受者。现在完动语态即主语为动作承受者。现在完3.成时被动语态同它主动语态一样，成时被动语态同它主动语态一样，4.强调过去动作对现在造成影响或结强调过去动作对现在造成影响或结5.果，但主语为动作承受者，表示果，但主语为动作承受者，表示“6.已经被已经被”。7.The new school has been set up.新学校已经建成了。新学校已经建成了。第57页2.现在完成时被动语态必定式为：现在完成时被动语态必定式为：have/has+been+doneThe experiment has been done successfully.这个试验做得很成功。这个试验做得很成功。现在完成时被动语态否定式为：现在完成时被动语态否定式为：have/has+not+been+doneToms novel has not been published.汤姆小说还没有被出版。汤姆小说还没有被出版。第58页现在完成时被动语态普通疑问句需将现在完成时被动语态普通疑问句需将have/has提到主语前面。提到主语前面。Has his bike been repaired?他自行车修好了吗？他自行车修好了吗？现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句为：现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句为：疑疑问词问词+have/has+been+doneWho has been invited?谁受到了邀请？谁受到了邀请？第59页现在完成时被动语态表示以下两个现在完成时被动语态表示以下两个概念：概念：1.说话时已经完成动作或出现结果。说话时已经完成动作或出现结果。2.主语是行为动作承受者。主语是行为动作承受者。现在完成时被动语态由现在完成时被动语态由have/has beenv-ed组成，其中组成，其中v-ed为过去分词，为过去分词，表示被动。表示被动。I have been told about it many timesThe bridge has just been built第60页在使用现在完成时被动语态时要在使用现在完成时被动语态时要注意以下两点：注意以下两点：1.过去分词前有两个助动词：过去分词前有两个助动词：have/has和和been。2.必须表示被动。必须表示被动。第61页注意注意:1.副词位置副词位置2.often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副词置于等副词置于have/has和和been中间。中间。如如:误误 Such a man has been hardly believed.正正 Such a man has hardly been believed.第62页2.并不是全部动词都有被动语态并不是全部动词都有被动语态(1)happen,take place,break out,belong(2)to,cost,last等不及物动词或词组无等不及物动词或词组无被被(3)动语态。如：动语态。如：误误 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.正正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.第63页(2)open,break,drop等不强调动作发出等不强调动作发出 者时惯用主动语态。者时惯用主动语态。3.短语动词不可分割或省略其中介词短语动词不可分割或省略其中介词 或副词。如：或副词。如：The patients have been taken good care of.第64页4.一些特殊动词一些特殊动词,如如borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join等组成现在完成时被动语态不能与等组成现在完成时被动语态不能与表示一段时间状语连用。若要表示对应表示一段时间状语连用。若要表示对应意思，意思，则需改换动词或时态。则需改换动词或时态。如：如：My brother has had(不能用不能用has bought)this bike for almost four years.How long has this book been bought?How long ago was this book bought?第65页(1)把主把主动语态宾语变为被被动语态主主语。(2)把把谓语变成被成被动结构构(be过去分去分词)(依据被依据被动语态句子里主句子里主语人称和数，人称和数，以及原来主以及原来主动语态句子中句子中动词时态来来决定决定be形式形式)。主动语态变被动语态方法主动语态变被动语态方法第66页(3)把主动语态中主语放在介词把主动语态中主语放在介词by之后之后作宾语作宾语,将主格改为宾格。将主格改为宾格。All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all the people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.第67页(4)双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中一双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中一个宾语变为主语，个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。另一个保留不动。主动：主动：I have given him the key.被动：被动：He has been given the key.被动：被动：The key has been given(to)him.(5)带复合宾语动词变被动语态时带复合宾语动词变被动语态时,只能只能将宾语变为主语将宾语变为主语,原来宾补保留不动，原来宾补保留不动，改称主语补足语。改称主语补足语。主动：主动：I have asked her to help you.被动：被动：She has been asked to help you.第68页 1.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.A.are not decided B.have not been decided C.is not being decided D.has not been decided单项单项选择选择 第69页2.Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.A.is used B.are used C.has been used D.have been used 第70页3.All the preparations for the task _ and were ready to start.A.completed B.complete C.had been completed D.have been completed 第71页4.Some new oilfields _ since 1976.A.were opened up B.has opened up C.have been opened up D.had been opened up 第72页5.The silence of the library _ only by the sound of pages being turned over.A.has been broken B.breaks C.broke D.was broken 第73页6._ the sports meet might be put off.Yes,it all depends on the weather.A.Ive been told B.Ive told C.Im told D.I told第74页Turn the following into the Passive Voice.1.We have planted some trees around the lake.2.My father has locked the door.3.Someone has turned off the light.Some trees have been planted around the lake.The light has been turned off.The door has been locked.第75页4.They will hold the Olympic Games in London in the year.5.They have rebuilt the bridge.The bridge has been rebuilt.The Olympic Games will be held in London in the year.第76页(1)误误Many new buildings been built since 1980.正正Many new buildings have been built since 1980分析分析:谓语部分结构不全谓语部分结构不全,时态部分不完整。时态部分不完整。试分析：试分析：第77页(2)误误Something bad has been happened to him.正正Something bad has happened to him.分析分析:被动语态误用。被动语态误用。happen为不及物动为不及物动词，不及物动词没有被动语态。词，不及物动词没有被动语态。(3)误误I have introduced to Mr Smith 正正I have been introduced to Mr Smith(by Mr Wang).分析分析:introduce为及物动词，为及物动词，I是是introduce承受者。承受者。第78页(4)误误The door has been opened of itself.正正The door has opened of itself分析分析:有些动词如有些动词如open，break，drop等等既能够作及物动词，又能够作不及物动既能够作及物动词，又能够作不及物动词，若不强调谁是动作发出者，我们通词，若不强调谁是动作发出者，我们通惯用主动语态。惯用主动语态。of itself意思是意思是“自动地自动地”，所以，此句不可用被动语态。，所以，此句不可用被动语态。第79页Put the Chinese into English to complete the sentences.1.You can see the house _ _(未油漆未油漆)for years.2.How many workers _ (已派遣已派遣)to build the railway?3.Why does Mary look so unhappy?She _(被嘲笑被嘲笑)by her classmates.has not beenpaintedhave been senthas been laughed at第80页4.It is said that the house _ _(闯进了闯进了)by two thieves.5._ his views _(受到批受到批 判判)by them?6.The two pens _ (未被拿走未被拿走)by him.7.Where _ the television _ _(已经修理了已经修理了)?Havebeen criticizedhave not been taken awayhasbeen repairedbroken intohas been第81页 8.The price of a color TV set _ _(降价了降价了)again.9.What _(已被已被 译成译成)into many foreign languages?been brought downhas has been translated第82页Period 3Listening&reading第83页第84页Listen to the whole text and write down the main idea in onesentence.Two students are talking about information technology.第85页Listen to Part A and fill in the chartbelow.Then do the same with Part B.Part AWhat does IT include?What is the most popular form of IT?books,radio and TVbooks第86页 Part BWhich form of IT describes the skills of a sport bestWhich form of ITHas the most functions?computersTV第87页Listening textPart AD:Hi,Laura.Its good to see you because Im so bored.My homework is about Information Technology but I know everything there is to know about it.L=Laura D=DaveWHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY?第88页L:Come off it,Dave.I think I might know more than you.D:OK.Let me test you!Heres the first question.Whats information technology?L:Gosh,thats easy!Its computer