介词前置的定语从句省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

“介介词+关系代关系代词”引引导 非限制性定非限制性定语从句从句第1页1.1.介词放在介词放在动词后。动词后。2.2.介词前置：介词前置：放在关系代词放在关系代词whichwhich和和whomwhom之前。之前。3.固定搭配：固定搭配：动词短语中介词普通不能提前动词短语中介词普通不能提前.常见这类动词短语有常见这类动词短语有:look for/after/forward to、care for、take care of、hear of/about/from,等等.The girl whom he is looking after is his sister.介词位置介词位置第2页 This is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor.=This is the teacher the daughter of whom is a famous doctor.1.1.名词名词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词 We have three foreign teachers,two of whom are from Canada.2.2.数词数词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词(含基数词、序数词、分数和含基数词、序数词、分数和百分数）百分数）3.3.代词代词+介词介词+关系代词（代词有关系代词（代词有allall、bothboth、nonenone、neitherneither、eithereither、somesome、anyany等）等）The old woman has two sons,both of whom are teachers.介词前置句型结构介词前置句型结构第3页4.4.形容词最高级形容词最高级+介词介词+关系代词关系代词 China has thousands of islands,the largest of which is Taiwan Island.5.5.介词介词+关系代词关系代词+名词名词 He spent four years in college,during which time he studied medicine.6.介词介词which/whom不定式不定式The poor man has no house in which to live.介词前置句型结构介词前置句型结构第4页关系代词前介词确定1.1.依据从句中动词与先行词逻辑关系：依据从句中动词与先行词逻辑关系：Isthatthenewspaperfor whichyouoftenwritearticles?2.依据从句中动词或形容词习惯搭配：依据从句中动词或形容词习惯搭配：Canyouexplaintomehowtousethesemachinesabout whichImsure.3.依据先行词与介词搭配习惯：依据先行词与介词搭配习惯：1988wastheyearin whichshewasborn.4.依据定语从句所表示意义来确定依据定语从句所表示意义来确定Air,without which man cant live,is really important.第5页（全国卷II-16）100isthetemperature_whichwaterwillboil.A.forB.atC.onD.of【解析】本题考查是“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。句意为：摄氏100度是水沸腾温度。此处介词选择取决于与先行词temperature搭配，atatemperature“在某一个温度”。真题例析真题例析第6页（山东-23）Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof_havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A.them B.thatC.whichD.what【解析】本题考查“介词+which”引导非限制性定语从句。句中先行词是twonovels，而且后面是一个非限制性定语从句，所以用bothofwhich引导。That不能引导非限制性定语从句，也不能跟在介词后面；假如选them，则后面需要有并列连词and或者是独立主格结构，即bothofthemmadeinto.。真题例析真题例析第7页JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_shespokefluently.湖南A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that解析考查定语从句中关系代词作介词宾语。定语从句中关系代词作介词宾语,指代人时用whom,指代物时用which;而that不用于介词之后。句意:Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语,这三门语言她都说得很流利。真题例析真题例析第8页（湖南-34）Careofthesoulisagradualprocess_eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.A.whatB.inwhatC.whichD.inwhich【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：关爱灵魂是一个渐进过程，在这个过程中，即使生活中小细节也应虑及。依据句意，先行词process在定语从句中应作时间状语，“在这个过程中”，所以该从句应用inwhich或关系副词when来引导。真题例析真题例析第9页（上海卷-35）Haveyousentthank-younotestotherelativesfrom_youreceivedgifts?A.whichB.themC.thatD.whom【解析】本题考查是“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。句意为：你把感激信送给你收到他们礼品亲戚了吗？该定语从句修饰是relatives，所以关系代词为指人whom。真题例析真题例析第10页(四川卷-13)Inourclassthereare46students,_halfwearglasses.A.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem【解析】本题考查定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；在46个学生当中，表所属，应用of。故答案选C。真题例析真题例析第11页Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.江西A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich解析考查介词+关系代词使用方法。theconstructionofsth“某物建造”,依据句意可知应选C项。句意:她率领游客参观了那座博物馆,其建造时间花了三年多。真题例析真题例析第12页Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof_usesitsomewhatdifferently.浙江A.whichB.whatC.themD.those解析考查定语从句使用方法。依据语境可知前后两句需要连接词,此处severaldiversecultures为先行词,在后面定语从句中作介词of宾语,故选取关系代词which。句意:英语是一个被不一样文化共享语言,每种文化都略有不一样地使用这门语言。真题例析真题例析第13页（天津卷-7）IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without_helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意为：我要感激史密斯教授，没有他帮助我不可能走这么远。先行词MrSmith在从句中应作help定语，所以应该选whose。真题例析真题例析第14页Franks dream was to have his own shop _ to produce the workings of his own hands.(湖南湖南)A.that B.in which C.by which D.how 解析：解析：该题是考查该题是考查“介词介词+关系代词关系代词+动词不动词不定式定式”特殊结构，它能够还原为：特殊结构，它能够还原为：Franks dream was to have his own shop in which he could produce the workings of his own hands.真题例析真题例析第15页注意：注意：有时候关系副词有时候关系副词when和和where也能够也能够用在介词之后，如用在介词之后，如since when、by when和和from where等。等。Thebookwaswrittenin1946,_theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.(山东)A.whenB.duringwhichC.sincethenD.sincewhen解析：依据从句意思确定是选sincewhen，when在此指代时间状语1946。真题例析真题例析第16页