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初高中英语衔接句子成分省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

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1、文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。达尔文曾说过“关于方法知识是最主要知识”,不论我们学习什么,掌握正确方法是最主要。我们现在正面临着一个初、高中衔接问题,初中侧重基础语法知识,而高中侧重详细地使用英语。所以,学好英语首先要掌握正确方法。什么是方法?第1页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。1、关于语法知识学习:掌握一定语法知识是必要,它是基础,中国人学习外语要学点语法,不过过分地研究语法是不利于能力培养,这也是中国人学习英语误区。有些人说,那么高考怎么办?高考正是考查学生实际使用英语能力,语法考试也是在实际语境中考查,所以语篇能力才是真正能力。第2页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系

2、改正。2、语言学习应听、说、读、写全方面发展,在开始阶段应以听说为主。高一新学期12月内主要以训练自己听与说能力为主要目标,逐步加大阅读。第3页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。3、语言学习与任何知识学习一样,以自学为主。要有一定自学能力,外语学习不是老师讲会,是自己练会。在使用中、练习中掌握规律。以练为主是外语学习主要特点,仅仅靠老师是不够。所以外语学习过程是练功夫过程,是长期坚持不懈学习过程。高中学习就要开始了,希望大家要有一个英语学习目标,真正地行动起来,从第一天开始,坚持向最终目标踏实前进。第4页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。学好外语十条经验学好外语十条经验v 1.学习

3、外语一天也不能中止,那怕天天挤出10分钟也好。早晨是学外语大好时光,尤应充分利用。v 2.假如学厌了,无须勉强继续,也不要放下不学,能够变换一下其它学习方法和形式,如改听录音,看外语电视节目等。v 3.绝不要脱离上下文孤立地死记硬背。v 4.应随时记下并背熟惯用“句套子”,并多多练习套用。v 5.尽可能“心译”你接触东西,如一闪而过广告,偶然听到话语。这是一个休息方式,也是一个训练方式。v 6.不要重复去看那些未经教师修改过练习,只有那些必定是正确东西才值得去切记。v 7.抄录和记忆“句套子”和惯用语时,要用单数第一人称。在应用时则能依据不一样时态而发挥出去。v 8.外语好比碉堡,必须同时从四

4、面八方向它围攻。如:读报纸,听广播,看外语电影、电视,听外语讲座,读外语读物等。v 9.要勇于用外语说话,不要怕犯错误。当他人帮你纠正错误时,不要难为情,更不要泄气。v 10.要坚信自己一定能到达目标,坚信自己有坚强毅力和语言方面才能。第5页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。第6页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。一一.句子成份句子成份 二二.英语基本句型英语基本句型三三.时态和语态时态和语态第7页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。第8页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。什么是句子?什么是句子?句子是由词按照一定语法结构组成,是能表句子是由词按照一定语法结构组成,是能表

5、示一个完整概念语言单位句子第一个字母示一个完整概念语言单位句子第一个字母必须必须大写大写,结尾要有,结尾要有?!I am a teacher.Are you a student?How beautiful the girl is!第9页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。当代汉语里普通句子成份有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语基本成份有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)和补语(complement)。英语句子基本结构能够归纳成五种基本句型及其扩

6、大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构基础。句子包含哪些成份?句子包含哪些成份?第10页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。主语:主语:主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题部主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题部分普通由名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句分普通由名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当它位置普通在句首充当它位置普通在句首The girl is pretty.Reading is useful.To see is to believe.They are good friends.第11页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。谓语:谓语:谓语说明主语做什么,是什么,怎

7、么样,谓语说明主语做什么,是什么,怎么样,由简单动词或者动词短语组成由简单动词或者动词短语组成They are teachers.She looks well.He studies hard.He laughed at his classmates.He can speak English.第12页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。表语:表语:表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词,形容表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,短语,或词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,短语,或者从句充当表语位于系动词后面者从句充当表语位于系动词后面I am a t

8、eacher.She is happy.Everybody is here.They are at home now.My job is to teach English.Seeing is believing.第13页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。宾语宾语宾语是动作,行为对象,由名词,代词,短宾语是动作,行为对象,由名词,代词,短语,不定式,动名词,从句充当它和及物语,不定式,动名词,从句充当它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后动词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后She plays the piano.He often helps me.I like watching TV

9、.She likes to go to shop this afternoon.I think that he is good guy.第14页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。宾语补足语宾语补足语在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表示完整意思,还在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表示完整意思,还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表示完整意思必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表示完整意思它它起补充说明宾语干什么,怎么样作用起补充说明宾语干什么,怎么样作用它能够由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,现它能够由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,现在分词和过去分词充当在分词和过去分词充当 If

10、you let me go,Ill make you king.Leave the door open.We found John out when we arrived.Make yourself at home.I saw him enter the hall.The boss keeps them working all day.I heard my name called.第15页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。状语状语状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词它表示行为发状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词它表示行为发生时间,地点,目标,方式,程度普通由副词,生时间,地点,目标,方式,程度普通

11、由副词,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词词或短语充当,也介词短语,不定式或相当于副词词或短语充当,也可由从句来充当可由从句来充当He did it carefully.Without his help,we couldnt work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates,I must study hard.I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.He is writing with a pen.第16页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。定语定语定语用来修饰名词或代词形容词,代词,数定语用来修饰名词或

12、代词形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,分词,词,名词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,分词,从句都能够充当定语从句都能够充当定语 The black bike is mine.Whats your name?A broken vase.I have 5 books.A sleeping boy.They made paper flowers.The boy in the room is Jack.I have something to do.It is a swimming pool.第17页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。一一、挑出以下句中挑出以下句中宾语宾语 My br

13、other hasnt done his homework.People all over the world speak English.How many new words did you learn last class?Some of the students in the school want to go swimming,how about you?The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.第18页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。二二、挑出以下句中表挑出以下句中表语语-The old man was feeling v

14、ery tired.-The leaves have turned yellow.-Soon They all became interested in the subject.第19页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。三三、挑出以下句中定挑出以下句中定语语1.What is your given name?2.I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.3.The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4.I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!第2

15、0页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。四四、挑出以下句中挑出以下句中宾语补宾语补足足语语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.He asked her to take the boy out of school.She found it difficult to do the work.They call me Lily sometimes.I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.第21页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。五五、挑出以下句中状挑出以下句中状语

16、语 There was a big smile on her face.Every night he heard the noise upstairs.He began to learn English when he was eleven.The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.第22页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。With the medicine box under her arm,Miss Li hurried off.She loves the library because she loves books.I am

17、afraid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.第23页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。划分句子成份划分句子成份1.You will tell your friend that youve got to school.2.But as the moon gave far too much light,I didnt dare open a window.3.3.Another time five months ago,I

18、happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.4.4.The dark,rainy evening,the wind,the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.第24页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。1.You will tell(your)friend that youve got to school.2.But as the moon gave far too much light,I didntdare open a window.3.Anothe

19、r time five months ago,I happened to beUpstairs at dusk(when the window was open).4.The(dark,rainy)evening,the wind,the thunderingClouds held me entirely in their power.主语谓语谓语间宾间宾定语直接宾语原因状语原因状语主语 谓语谓语宾语宾语第25页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。HOMEWORK一、翻译以下句子,并在系动词下划线。1.Five and five is ten.2.His father is in.3.Th

20、e picture is on the wall.4.My watch is gone/missing/lost.5.The question is whether they will come.6.It sounds a good idea.7.Tom looks thin.8.The food smells delicious.9.Now I feel tired.10.The door remains open.第26页文档仅供参考,如有不当之处,请联系改正。二、翻译以下句子,并用()标出定语。1.Mr.Zhang is a chemistry teacher.2.He is our f

21、riend.We belong to the third world.3.He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.4.The man over there is my old friend5.The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.6.The boys playing football are in Class 2.7.The trees planted last year are growing well now.8.I have an idea to do it well.9.You should do everything that I do.10.The book whose cover is red is mine.第27页

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